Detrusor Hyperreflexia
What is Detrusor Hyperreflexia?
Detrusor hyperreflexia, also known as autonomic dysreflexia, is a condition that is caused by damage to parts of the nervous system. It is characterized by involuntary muscle contractions of the bladder, which can lead to a sudden, and often severe, increase in blood pressure. Detrusor hyperreflexia can occur in individuals with spinal cord injuries, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, and other conditions.
Signs and Symptoms of Detrusor Hyperreflexia
- Frequent and uncontrolled urination
- Decreased bladder capacity
- Urine leakage
- Lower abdominal pain
- Headache
- Flushed skin
- Rapid heart rate
- Intense sweating
Causes of Detrusor Hyperreflexia
Detrusor hyperreflexia typically occurs in individuals who have had an injury to the spine or the lower nervous system. It can also occur in individuals with conditions that affect the nervous system, such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, and stroke.
Diagnosis of Detrusor Hyperreflexia
To diagnose detrusor hyperreflexia, a doctor will typically perform a physical examination, review the patient's medical history, and order urine and blood tests. Additional tests, such as an x-ray, CT scan, or MRI, may also be performed.
Treatment of Detrusor Hyperreflexia
The goal of treatment is to reduce muscle contractions of the bladder. Treatment may include medications to relax the bladder, biofeedback or nerve stimulation exercises to increase bladder control, and lifestyle changes to reduce bladder irritants. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair the bladder.
Prevention of Detrusor Hyperreflexia
In those with spinal cord injuries, detrusor hyperreflexia can be prevented by ensuring that the bladder is emptied regularly in order to prevent bladder overflow. Additionally, prompt treatment of underlying conditions that can cause detrusor hyperreflexia can help to reduce the risk of developing this condition.