Hypocalcemia
What is Hypocalcemia?
Hypocalcemia is a condition in which the calcium levels in the blood are low. It can have a range of serious symptoms, such as muscle cramps, confusion, and fatigue, and can be a medical emergency. Treatment for hypocalcemia involves replenishing the body's calcium levels by eating more calcium-rich foods and increasing vitamin D intake.
Causes of Hypocalcemia
Hypocalcemia can be caused by a variety of conditions, including:
- Kidney failure
- Folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiency
- Pancreatitis
- Severe depletion of magnesium in the body
- Hypoparathyroidism, an autoimmune disorder
- Malabsorption, an inability to absorb nutrients from food
- Tumor lysis syndrome, a complication of chemotherapy
Symptoms of Hypocalcemia
The symptoms of hypocalcemia can vary depending on the severity and underlying cause, but they can include:
- Muscle cramps, especially in the hands, feet, and face
- Joint pain or stiffness
- Abnormal heart rhythms
- Memory loss or confusion
- Fear or anxiety
- Fatigue and depression
- Irregular breathing patterns
- Seizures
- Numbness or tingling in the face, fingers, and toes
Treatment for Hypocalcemia
Hypocalcemia can be treated by replenishing the body's calcium levels. This often involves eating more calcium-rich foods, including dairy products, legumes, dark green leafy vegetables, salmon, and sardines. Increasing vitamin D intake can also help the body absorb the calcium it needs. In severe cases, a doctor may prescribe calcium and vitamin D supplements or an intravenous infusion of calcium.