óxido Nitroso
óxido Nitroso Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
The pharmacological mechanism of action of N2O in medicine is not fully known. However, it has been shown to directly modulate a broad range of ligand-gated ion channels, and this likely plays a major role in many of its effects. It moderately blocks NMDA and β2-subunit-containing nACh channels, weakly inhibits AMPA, kainate, GABAC, and 5-HT3 receptors, and slightly potentiates GABAA and glycine receptors. It also has been shown to activate two-pore-domain K+ channels. While N2O affects quite a few ion channels, its anaesthetic, hallucinogenic, and euphoriant effects are likely caused predominantly, or fully, via inhibition of NMDA receptor-mediated currents. In addition to its effects on ion channels, N2O may act to imitate nitric oxide in the central nervous system, and this may be related to its analgesic and anxiolytic properties.
| Trade Name | óxido Nitroso |
| Generic | Nitrous Oxide |
| Nitrous Oxide Other Names | Dinitrogen oxide, Nitrious oxide, Nitrous oxide, óxido nitroso |
| Type | |
| Formula | N2O |
| Weight | Average: 44.0128 Monoisotopic: 44.001062632 |
| Groups | Approved, Vet approved |
| Therapeutic Class | General (Inhalation) anesthetics |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
A gas that can cause general anesthesia. Nitrous oxide is sometimes given in the company of other anesthetic agents but it is not used today as the only anesthetic agent because the concentration of nitrous oxide needed to produce anesthesia is close to the concentration that seriously lowers the blood oxygen level and creates a hazardous hypoxic state.
Nitrous oxide figured in the history of anesthesiology. In 1840 a dentist named Horace Wells had the idea that, with the recently discovered "exhilarating or laughing gas", teeth might be extracted without pain. Under its influence he had one of his own teeth pulled in 1844 and afterwards frequently used it in his practice.
óxido Nitroso is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Analgesia, General Anesthesia
How óxido Nitroso works
Findings to date indicate that nitrous oxide induces opioid peptide release in the brain stem leading to the activation of descending noradrenergic neurones, which results in modulation of the nociceptive process in the spinal cord. Several receptor–effector mechanisms including dopamine receptors, α2 adrenoceptors, benzodiazepine receptors and -methyl- -aspartate (NMDA) receptors have been implicated although the relationship of one with the other is not known.
Dosage
óxido Nitroso dosage
Adult: This gas must be used with close clinical supervision with hematological monitoring as required.
Child: Safety & Efficacy has not been established.
Side Effects
Generally well tolerated
Precaution
Prolonged inhalation can also result in dryness of the mouth and discomfort
Interaction
There are no known drug interactions and none well documented.
Food Interaction
No interactions found.Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use
Pregnancy Category: Not Classified. FDA has not yet classified the drug into a specified pregnancy category.
Contraindication
Pneumothorax, abdominal distension, suspected intestinal obstruction, bullous emphysema. It should also be avoided where the patient is unable to effectively make use of the gas delivery equipment such as maxillo-facial injuries, impaired consciousness, sedation or intoxication.
Innovators Monograph
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