5-Fluorodeoxyuridine

5-Fluorodeoxyuridine Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

An antineoplastic antimetabolite that is metabolized to fluorouracil when administered by rapid injection. 5-Fluorodeoxyuridine is available as a sterile, nonpyrogenic, lyophilized powder for reconstitution. When administered by slow, continuous, intra-arterial infusion, it is converted to floxuridine monophosphate. It has been used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.

5-Fluorodeoxyuridine is an anti-metabolite or a pyrimidine analog that works by disrupting the process S-phase of cell division, selectively targeting rapidly dividing cells. Due to the structural similarities, antimetabolites act as pyrimidine-like molecules and prevent normal pyrimidines from being incorporated into DNA. After successful biotransformation, floxuridine is converted into an active component, flurouracil, which blocks the enzyme which converts cytosine nucleosides into the deoxy derivative. Flurouracil also physically prevents the incorporation of thymidine nucleotides into the DNA strand by taking their place, further preventing DNA synthesis.

5-Fluorodeoxyuridine
Uses
Dosage
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Interactions
Uses during Pregnancy
Uses during Breastfeeding
Accute Overdose
Food Interaction
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Interaction With other Medicine
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Trade Name	5-Fluorodeoxyuridine
Availability	Prescription only
Generic	Floxuridine
Floxuridine Other Names	5-Fluorodeoxyuridine, 5FDU, Deoxyfluorouridine, Floxiridina, Floxuridin, Floxuridine, Floxuridinum, Fluorodeoxyuridine, Fluoruridine deoxyribose
Type
Formula	C₉H₁₁FN₂O₅
Weight	Average: 246.1924 Monoisotopic: 246.065199677
Groups	Approved
Therapeutic Class
Manufacturer
Available Country
Last Updated:	September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am

Uses

5-Fluorodeoxyuridine is an antimetabolite used as palliative management for liver metastases of gastrointestinal malignancy.

For palliative management of gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma metastatic to the liver, when given by continuous regional intra-arterial infusion in carefully selected patients who are considered incurable by surgery or other means. Also for the palliative management of liver cancer (usually administered by hepatic intra-arterial infusion).

5-Fluorodeoxyuridine is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Metastatic Hepatic Cancer, Stage 4 gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma

How 5-Fluorodeoxyuridine works

5-Fluorodeoxyuridine rapidly undergoes catabolism to form 5-fluorouracil, which is the active component of the drug. 5-Fluorouracil primarily works by interfering with DNA synthesis; however, it may also inhibit the formation of fraudulent RNA via physical incorporation into the RNA. It is also an inhibitor of riboside phophorylase, preventing the utilization of pre-formed uracil in RNA synthesis. 5-Fluorodeoxyuridine can also form 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-phosphate (FUDR-MP), which is the monophosphate of floxuridine that inhibits thymidylate synthetase that plays a role in the methylation of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid during DNA synthesis. FUDR-MP thus interferes with DNA synthesis.

Toxicity

Oral, rat LD₅₀: 215 mg/kg. Signs of overdose include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding, and bone marrow depression (including thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and agranulocytosis).

Food Interaction

No interactions found.

5-Fluorodeoxyuridine Drug Interaction

Moderate: oxaliplatin, oxaliplatin, chlorambucil, chlorambucilUnknown: multivitamin with minerals, multivitamin with minerals, acetaminophen / aspirin / caffeine, acetaminophen / aspirin / caffeine, hydroxychloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, carisoprodol, carisoprodol, acetaminophen / guaifenesin / phenylephrine, acetaminophen / guaifenesin / phenylephrine, tramadol, tramadol, valacyclovir, valacyclovir, cyanocobalamin, cyanocobalamin

5-Fluorodeoxyuridine Disease Interaction

Major: dihydropyrimidine deficiency, infections, malnutrition, myelosuppression, stomatitisModerate: bleeding disorders

Elimination Route

5-Fluorodeoxyuridine can be excreted as unchanged drug, urea, fluorouracil, a-fluoro-bureidopropionic acid, dihydrofluorouracil, a-fluoro-b-guanidopropionic acid and a-fluoro-b-alanine via the kidneys. 5-Fluorodeoxyuridine may also be excreted as respiratory carbon dioxide.