Alcarex Kt

Alcarex Kt Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

Alcaftadine is an H1, H2 & H4 histamine receptor antagonist and inhibitor of the release of histamine from mast cells. The activation of H1 receptor causes itching & H4 receptor causes itching & inflammation. Histamine binding with H1 & H2 receptor causes redness and swelling. Alcaftadine also inhibit the release of histamine from mast cell through limit the entry of Ca++ across the membrane as a result prevent degranulation. Alcaftadine also stabilize tight junction protein (zonula occludin) of conjuctival epithelium that normally becomes disorganized following allergen exposure so that decreased chemotaxis and inhibition of eosinophil activation has also been demonstrated.

Following bilateral topical ocular administration of alcaftadine ophthalmic solution, 0.25%, the mean plasma Cmax of alcaftadine was approximately 60 pg/mL and the median Tmax occurred at 15 minutes. Plasma concentrations of alcaftadine were below the lower limit of quantification (10 pg/mL) by 3 hours after dosing. The mean Cmax of the active carboxylic acid metabolite was approximately 3 ng/mL and occurred at 1 hour after dosing. Plasma concentrations of the carboxylic acid metabolite were below the lower limit of quantification (100 pg/mL) by 12 hours after dosing.

Alcarex Kt
Uses
Dosage
Side Effect
Precautions
Interactions
Uses during Pregnancy
Uses during Breastfeeding
Accute Overdose
Food Interaction
Half Life
Volume of Distribution
Clearance
Interaction With other Medicine
Contradiction
Storage

Trade Name	Alcarex Kt
Generic	Alcaftadine + Ketorolac Tromethamine
Weight	0.25%w/v
Type	Eye Drops
Therapeutic Class
Manufacturer	Ajanta Pharma Ltd
Available Country	India
Last Updated:	September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am

Uses

Alcaftadine is used for the prevention of itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis.

Ketorolac Tromethamine is indicated for the short-term management of moderate to severe acute post-operative pain. Ketorolac ophthalmic solution helps relieve pain, inflammation, and light sensitivity after ocular surgery. It may also be used to decrease eye inflammation or redness caused by seasonal allergies.

Alcarex Kt is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Seasonal Allergic Conjunctivitis

How Alcarex Kt works

Alcaftadine is a H1 histamine receptor antagonist and inhibitor of the release of histamine from mast cells. Decreased chemotaxis and inhibition of eosinophil activation has also been demonstrated.

Dosage

Alcarex Kt dosage

Instill one drop in each eye once daily.

Tablet: Recommended dose is 10 mg every 4-6 hours. It should be used short-term only (up to 7 days) and are not recommended for chronic use. Doses exceeding 40 mg/day is not recommended.Injection: Ketorolac injection may be used as a single or multiple doses, on a regular or when necessary schedule for the management of moderately severe, acute pain that requires analgesia at the opioid level, usually in a postoperative setting. When administering Ketorolac injection, the IV bolus must be given over no less than 15 seconds. The IM administration should be given slowly and deeply into the muscle. The analgesic effect begins within 30 minutes with maximum effect in 1 to 2 hours after dosing IV or IM. Duration of analgesic effect is usually 4 to 6 hours. Single-Dose Treatment-IM Dosing (Adult): Patients <65 years of age: One dose of 60 mg. Patients >65 years of age, renally impaired and/or less than 50 kg of body weight: One dose of 30 mg. IV Dosing (Adult): Patients <65 years of age: One dose of 30 mg. Patients >65 years of age, renally impaired and/or less than 50 kg of body weight: One dose of 15 mg. IV or IM Dosing (2 to 16 years of age): IM Dosing: One dose of 1 mg/kg up to a maximum of 30 mg. IV Dosing: One dose of 0.5 mg/kg up to a maximum of 15 mg. Multiple-Dose Treatment (IV or IM)- Patients <65 years of age: The recommended dose is 30 mg Ketorolac injection every 6 hours. The maximum daily dose should not exceed 120 mg. Patients >65 years of age, renally impaired patients and patients less than 50 kg: The recommended dose is 15 mg Ketorolac injection every 6 hours. The maximum daily dose for these populations should not exceed 60 mg. For breakthrough pain, do not increase the dose or the frequency of Ketorolac Tromethamine. Conversion from Parenteral to Oral Therapy: Ketorolac tablets may be used either as monotherapy or as follow-on therapy to parenteral Ketorolac. When Ketorolac tablets are used as a follow-on therapy to parenteral Ketorolac, the total combined daily dose of ketorolac (oral + parenteral) should not exceed 120 mg in younger adult patients or 60 mg in elderly patients on the day the change of formulation is made. On subsequent days, oral dosing should not exceed the recommended daily maximum of 40 mg. Ketorolac IM should be replaced by Ketorolac tablet as soon as feasible. The total duration of combined parenteral and oral treatment should not exceed 5 days. Eye Drops: Adults: 1 drop in each eye 4 times daily.

Side Effects

Reported side effects are irritation, burning, eye redness, itching etc. Other side effects are headache, ocular pruritus and nasopharyngitis.

Commonly occurring side effects are nausea, vomiting, gastro-intestinal bleeding, melana, peptic ulcer, pancreatitis, anxiety, drowsiness, headache, excessive thirst, fatigue, bradycardia, hypertension, palpitation, chest pain, infertility in female and pulmonary edema.

Precaution

The drug should not be instilled while wearing contact lenses. If hypersensitivity reaction occurs after instillation patients should be advised to discontinue the use of Alcaftadine and consult with physicians.

Caution should be exercised in patients over the age of 65 years. Caution should also be taken in patients with active or suspected peptic ulcer or gastrointestinal bleeding or asthma and liver dysfunction. Eye Drops: Patients with evidence of corneal epithelial breakdown should immediately discontinue use of topical NSAIDs and should be closely monitored for corneal health. Lopadol ophthalmic solution should not be administered while wearing contact lenses.

Interaction

Other NSAIDs or aspirin: Increase the side effects of ketorolac Tromethamine.Anti-coagulants: Enhance anti-coagulant effect. Beta Blocker: Reduce the anti-hypertensive effect . ACE Inhibitors: Increase the risk of renal impairment. Methotrexate: Enhance the toxicity of methotrexate.

Half Life

The elimination half-life of the carboxylic acid metabolite is approximately 2 hours following topical ocular administration.

Elimination Route

Based on data following oral administration of alcaftadine, the carboxylic acid metabolite is primarily eliminated unchanged in the urine.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use

Alcaftadine is pregnancy Category B. Alcaftadine has not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems during pregnancy and breastfeeding. It is not known whether Alcaftadine is secreted in human milk or not. Caution should be exercised when Alcaftadine is administered to a nursing mother.

US FDA Pregnancy category of Ketorolac Tromethamine is C. So, Ketorolac Tromethamine should be avoided in pregnancy and lactation unless the potential benefits to the other outweigh the possible risks to the fetus.

Contraindication

It is contraindicated in persons with a known hypersensitivity to any component of this product.

Ketorolac is contraindicated in patients having hypersensitivity to this drug or other NSAIDs. It should not be used in children under 16 years of age. lt is also contraindicated as prophylactic analgesic before surgery.

Special Warning

Pediatric Use: Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients below the age of 2 years have not been established.

Geriatric Use: No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between elderly and younger subjects.

Acute Overdose

Ocular Adverse Reactions: The most frequent ocular adverse reactions, occurring in <4% of alcaftadine eye drops treated eyes were eye irritation, burning and/or stinging upon instillation, eye redness and eye pruritus.

Non-ocular Adverse Reactions: The most frequent non-ocular adverse reactions, occurring in <3% of subjects with alcaftadine eye drops treated eyes, were nasopharyngitis, headache and influenza. Some of these events were similar to the underlying disease being studied.