Antimony Sodium Gluconate
Antimony Sodium Gluconate Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Sodium stibogluconate directly inhibits DNA topoisomerase 1 leading to inhibition of both DNA replication and transcription.
The mode of action of sodium stibogluconate is not clearly understood. In vitro exposure of amastigotes to 500 mg pentavalent antimony/ml results in a greater than 50% decrease in parasite DNA, RNA protein and purine nucleoside triphosphate levels. It has been postulated that the reduction in ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and GTP (guanosine triphosphate) synthesis contributes to decreased macromolecular synthesis.
| Trade Name | Antimony Sodium Gluconate |
| Generic | Sodium Stibogluconate |
| Sodium Stibogluconate Other Names | Antimony sodium gluconate, Estibogluconato sodico, Myostibin, Natrii stibogluconas, Sodium stibogluconate, Stibanate, Stibanose, Stibatin, Stibinol, Stibogluconate de sodium |
| Type | |
| Formula | C12H35Na3O26Sb2 |
| Weight | Average: 907.88 Monoisotopic: 905.918601405 |
| Groups | Approved, Investigational |
| Therapeutic Class | Leishmaniacides |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Leishmaniasis, Visceral leishmaniasis
Antimony Sodium Gluconate is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis, Visceral Leishmaniasis
How Antimony Sodium Gluconate works
Sodium stibogluconate directly inhibits DNA topoisomerase I leading to inhibition of both DNA replication and transcription.
Dosage
Antimony Sodium Gluconate dosage
Leishmaniasis:20 mg/kg/day (maximum 850 mg) intramuscularly or intravenously for 20 to 28 days.
Side Effects
Sodium stibogluconate is exceedingly toxic to veins. One of the practical problems is that after a few doses it can become exceedingly difficult to find a vein in which to inject the drug. The insertion of a PICC does not prevent the problem and can instead exacerbate it: the entire vein along the course of the PICC line can become inflamed and thrombose. Large doses of sodium stibogluconate are often administered as dilute solutions.
Pancreatitis is a common deleterious effect of the drug, and the serum amylase or lipase should be monitored twice weekly; there is no need to stop treatment if the amylase remains less than four times the upper limit of normal; if the amylase rises above the cut-off, then treatment should be interrupted until the amylase falls to less than twice the upper limit of normal, whereupon treatment can be resumed. Cardiac conduction disturbances are less common, but ECG monitoring while the medicine is injected is advisable and changes quickly reverse after the drug is stopped or the infusion rate is decreased.
The drug can be given intramuscularly but is exceedingly painful when given by this route. It can also be given intralesionally when treating cutaneous leishmaniasis (i.e., injected directly into the area of infected skin) and again, this is exceedingly painful and does not give results superior to intravenous administration.
Sodium stibogluconate can also cause a reduced appetite, metallic taste in mouth, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, headache, tiredness, joint pains, muscle aches, dizziness, and anaphylaxis.
Toxicity
The main symptoms of antimony overdosage are gastro-intestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting and severe diarrhoea). Haemorrhagic nephritis and hepatitis may also occur.
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use
Pregnancy category is not classified.
Contraindication
Hypersensitivity, significant renal impairment, breast feeding
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FAQ
What is Antimony Sodium Gluconate used for?
Antimony Sodium Gluconate used to treat cutaneous, visceral, and mucosal leishmaniasis, a parasitic infection transmitted by sand-fly bites.
How safe is Antimony Sodium Gluconate?
Antimony Sodium Gluconate is as safe and effective as Antimony Sodium Gluconateed meglumine antimoniate.
How does Antimony Sodium Gluconate work?
Antimony Sodium Gluconate may act by binding to thiol groups in the parasite and inhibiting the formation of adenosine triphosphate and guanosine triphosphate.
Is Antimony Sodium Gluconate safe in pregnancy?
Antimony Sodium Gluconate for pregnant women is difficult to treat because for them the two commonly used drugs, sodium stibogluconate and pentamidine, are not considered safe.
Is Antimony Sodium Gluconate safe during breastfeeding?
Limited information indicates that maternal doses of Antimony Sodium Gluconate up to 1.4 grams daily produce low levels in milk and would not be expected to cause any adverse effects in breastfed infants,especially if the infant is older than 2 months.
What are the common side effects of Antimony Sodium Gluconate?
Common side effects of Antimony Sodium Gluconate include:
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- ECG changes
- Headache
- Lethargy
- Muscle pain
- Raised liver enzymes
- Coughing and substernal pain
- Fever
- Sweating
- Flushing
- Spinning sensation (vertigo)
- Bleeding from nose or gum
- Yellowing skin and eyes (jaundice)
- Rash
- Pain and thrombosis on intravenous administration, intramuscular injection also painful
- Anaphylaxis (rare)
How long does it take for Antimony Sodium Gluconate to work?
The duration of treatment is usually 10 to 21 days and depends on the species of Antimony Sodium Gluconate and the type of infection.
How do I administer Antimony Sodium Gluconate?
Antimony Sodium Gluconate usually administered by intravenous or intramuscular injection daily at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day .
Does Antimony Sodium Gluconate affect the heart?
This regimen of Antimony Sodium Gluconate does not measurably impair left ventricular systolic or diastolic function.In most young fit patients, this regimen has no cardiac side-effects.
Who should not take Antimony Sodium Gluconate?
Do not take Antimony Sodium Gluconate if you are allergic to Antimony Sodium Gluconate or any ingredients contained in this drug.
What is the effect of Antimony Sodium Gluconate on the Kidneys?
Antimony Sodium Gluconate has very mild side effects on the kidneys.
What is the effect of Antimony Sodium Gluconate on the Liver?
There are no any side effects of Antimony Sodium Gluconate on the liver.
Can I drive after taking Antimony Sodium Gluconate?
Antimony Sodium Gluconate does not cause dizziness or sleep, so you can drive a vehicle or operate machinery also.
Can I take alcohol with Antimony Sodium Gluconate?
Due to lack of research, there is no information about the side effects of taking Sodium Stibogluconate with alcohol.
Is Antimony Sodium Gluconate able to treat mental disorders?
No, Antimony Sodium Gluconate is not used to treat mental disorders.
