Азнам Дж
Азнам Дж Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Азнам Дж is a synthetic bactericidal monobactam antibiotic. It inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by blocking peptidoglycan crosslinking. The inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis occurs due to a high affinity of Азнам Дж for penicillin binding protein 3 (PBP3). By binding to PBP3, Азнам Дж inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins. It is possible that Азнам Дж interferes with an autolysin inhibitor.
Азнам Дж is a monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic (a monobactam) originally isolated from Chromobacterium violaceum. Азнам Дж exhibits potent and specific activity in vitro against a wide spectrum of gram-negative aerobic pathogens including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It has no useful activity against gram-positive bacteria or anaerobes, but has very broad spectrum against gram-negative aerobes, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This has given it the nickname "the magic bullet for aerobic gram-negative bacteria". Азнам Дж, unlike the majority of beta-lactam antibiotics, does not induce beta-lactamase activity and its molecular structure confers a high degree of resistance to hydrolysis by beta-lactamases (such as penicillinases and cephalosporinases) produced by most gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens; it is, therefore, usually active against gram-negative aerobic microorganisms that are resistant to antibiotics hydrolyzed by beta-lactamases. It is active against many strains that are multiply-resistant to other antibiotics, such as certain cephalosporins, penicillin, and aminoglycosides. Азнам Дж maintains its antimicrobial activity over a pH range of 6 to 8 in vitro, as well as in the presence of human serum and under anaerobic conditions.
Trade Name | Азнам Дж |
Availability | Prescription only |
Generic | Aztreonam |
Aztreonam Other Names | Aztreonam, Aztréonam, Aztreonamum |
Related Drugs | amoxicillin, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, cephalexin, metronidazole, azithromycin, clindamycin, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, Augmentin |
Type | |
Formula | C13H17N5O8S2 |
Weight | Average: 435.433 Monoisotopic: 435.051853925 |
Protein binding | Serum protein binding averaged 56% and is independent of dose. Impaired renal function, 36 to 43%. |
Groups | Approved |
Therapeutic Class | Other beta-lactam Antibiotics |
Manufacturer | |
Available Country | Russia |
Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
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Uses
Азнам Дж is used for the treatment of the following infections caused by susceptible Gram-negative microorganisms:
- Urinary Tract Infections (complicated and uncomplicated), including pyelonephritis and cystitis (initial and recurrent) caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Citrobacter species and Serratia marcescens.
- Lower Respiratory Tract Infections, including pneumonia and bronchitis caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter species and Serratia marcescens.
- Septicemia caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Serratia marcescens and Enterobacter species.
- Skin and Skin-Structure Infections, including those associated with postoperative wounds, ulcers and burns caused by Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Serratia marcescens, Enterobacter species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Citrobacter species.
- Intra-abdominal Infections, including peritonitis caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species including K. pneumoniae, Enterobacter species including E. cloacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Citrobacter species including C. freundii and Serratia species including S. marcescens.
- Gynecologic Infections, including endometritis and pelvic cellulitis caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter species including E. cloacae and Proteus mirabilis.Азнам Дж is used for adjunctive therapy to surgery in the management of infections caused by susceptible organisms.
Азнам Дж is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Bloodstream Infections, Bone and Joint Infections, Febrile Neutropenia, Gynaecological infection, Intra-Abdominal Infections, Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (LRTI), Osteomyelitis, Respiratory Symptoms caused by Cystic fibrosis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, Septic Arthritis, Skin Infections, Urinary Tract Infection, Uncomplicated Gonorrhea
How Азнам Дж works
The bactericidal action of aztreonam results from the inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis due to a high affinity of aztreonam for penicillin binding protein 3 (PBP3). By binding to PBP3, aztreonam inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins. It is possible that aztreonam interferes with an autolysin inhibitor.
Dosage
Азнам Дж dosage
Adults: The recommended dosage for Urinary tract infections , Moderately severe systemic infections and Severe systemic or life-threatening infections is 500 mg or 1 g , 1 g or 2 g, 2 g every 8 or 12, 8 or 12 and 6 or 8 hourly respectively.
Children:The recommended dosage for Mild to moderate infections (Over 1 week) and Moderate to severe infections (2 years or older) is 30 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg every 6 and 6 or 8 hourly respectively.Maximum recommended dose for adult is 8 g per day.Maximum recommended dose for pediatric patient is 120 mg/kg/day.
Pediatric use:Dosage information is not yet available for new born less than one week.
Renal impairment in adult patients:The dosage of Азнам Дж should be halved in patients with estimated creatinine clearances between 10 mL/min/1.73 m2 and 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 after an initial loading dose of 1 g or 2 g. When only the serum creatinine concentration is available, the following formula (based on sex, weight, and age of the patient) may be used to approximate the creatinine clearance (Clcr):-Males: Clcr = {weight (kg) × (140-age)} / {72 × serum creatinine (mg/dL)}.
Females: Clcr = 0.85 × above valueIn patients with severe renal failure (creatinine clearance less than 10 mL/min/1.73 m2), the usual dose of 500 mg, 1 g or 2 g should be given initially. The maintenance dose should be one-fourth of the usual initial dose given at the usual fixed interval of 6, 8 or 12 hours. For serious or life-threatening infections, in addition to the maintenance doses, one-eighth of the initial dose should be given after each hemodialysis session.
Direction for reconstitution1. For IV- Bolus injection : 6 to 10 mL- Infusion: 3 mL*2. For IM- Injection: 3 mL*Intravenous infusion: The reconstituted solution must be further diluted with an appropriate infusion solution to final concentration less than 2% w/v (at least 50 ml solution per gram of Азнам Дж).Appropriate infusion solution may be 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection BP, 5% Glucose Intravenous Infusion BP, 5% or 10% Mannitol Intravenous Infusion BP.
Administration
Intravenous administration
Bolus injection: The dose should be slowly injected directly into a vein, or the tubing of a suitable administration set, over a period of 3 to 5 minutes.
Infusion: Infusion should be completed within a 20 to 60 minutes period.Intramuscular administration.
The dose should be given by deep injection into a large muscle mass. Азнам Дж is well tolerated and should not be admixed with any local anesthetic agent.
Intramuscular administration: The dose should be given by deep injection into a large muscle mass. Азнам Дж is well tolerated and should not be administered with any local anesthetic agent. For each gram of Азнам Дж add at least 3 ml water for injection BP and shake well.
Intravenous administration: A bolus injection may be used to initiate therapy. The dose should be slowly injected directly into a vein, or the tubing of a suitable administration set, over a period of 3 to 5 minutes.
For infusion: Each gram of Азнам Дж should be initially constituted with at least 3 ml of water for injection BP. The resulting solution should be diluted with an appropriate infusion solution to a final concentration not exceeding 2% w/v (at least 50 ml solution per gram Азнам Дж). The Азнам Дж infusion should be administered over a 20-60 minute period. A number of intravenous solutions may be used as diluents for the administration of Азнам Дж by intravenous infusion.These include sodium chloride injection, dextrose and mixed injections of sodium chloride and dextrose, Ringers and lactated Ringers injection,water for injection etc.
Side Effects
Local reactions such as phlebitis/thrombophlebitis following IV administration and discomfort/swelling at the injection site following IM administration may occur. Systemic reactions like diarrhea, nausea and/or vomiting, and rash may occur. Other side effects include anaphylaxis, angioedema, bronchospasm, pancytopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, eosinophilia, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, abdominal cramps, dermatitis, urticaria, pruritus, hypotension, flushing, seizure, weakness, headache, fever, malaise may occur.
Precaution
In patients with impaired hepatic or renal function, appropriate monitoring is recommended during therapy.
Interaction
Concomitant administration of probenecid or furosemide and Азнам Дж causes clinically insignificant increases in the serum levels of Азнам Дж.
Food Interaction
No interactions found.Азнам Дж Disease Interaction
Volume of Distribution
- 12.6 L
Elimination Route
Less than 1% absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract following oral administration. Completely absorbed following intramuscular administration.
Half Life
The serum half-life of aztreonam averaged 1.7 hours (1.5 to 2.0) in subjects with normal renal function, independent of the dose. In elderly patients and in patients with impaired renal function, the mean serum half-life of aztreonam increased (4.7 to 6 hours and 2.1 hours, respectively).
Clearance
- 91 mL/min [healthy]
Elimination Route
In healthy subjects, aztreonam is excreted in the urine about equally by active tubular secretion and glomerular filtration. Urinary excretion of a single parenteral dose was essentially complete by 12 hours after injection.
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use
Азнам Дж is a Pregnancy Category B drug. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Азнам Дж is excreted in human milk in concentrations less than 1%; consideration should be given to temporary discontinuation of nursing.
Contraindication
Азнам Дж is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Азнам Дж or any other component in the formulation.
Special Warning
Renal Impairment: In patients with impaired renal function, the normal recommended initial dose should be given. This should be followed by maintenance doses as below:
Creatinine clearance (10–30 ml/min): Maintenance dose is half of the initial dose.
Creatinine clearance (Less than 10 ml/min): One quarter of the initial dose.
The normal dose interval should not be altered. In patients on haemodialysis, a supplementary one eighth of the initial dose should be given after each dialysis.
Recommended for children of one week and older. Азнам Дж for injection should be administered intravenously to pediatric patients with normal renal function. There are insufficient data regarding intramuscular administration to pediatric patients or dosing in pediatric patients with renal impairment.
Acute Overdose
If necessary, Азнам Дж may be cleared from the serum by hemodialysis and/or peritoneal dialysis.
Interaction with other Medicine
Concomitant administration of probenecid or furosemide and Азнам Дж causes clinically insignificant increases in the serum levels of Азнам Дж.
Storage Condition
Азнам Дж solutions for IV infusion at concentrations not exceeding 2% w/v must be used within 48 hours following constitution if kept at controlled room temperature (15 - 30 °C) or within 7 days if refrigerated (2 - 8 °C).
Innovators Monograph
You find simplified version here Азнам Дж
Азнам Дж contains Aztreonam see full prescribing information from innovator Азнам Дж Monograph, Азнам Дж MSDS, Азнам Дж FDA label