Bi Yan Tong
Bi Yan Tong Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Bi Yan Tong is a non-sedating antihistamine. It works by selectively binding to peripheral histamine H1-receptors on effector cells.
Like other 2nd generation antihistamines, loratadine is selective for peripheral H1 receptors. Bi Yan Tong does not penetrate effectively into the central nervous system and has poor affinity for CNS H1-receptors. These qualities result in a lack of CNS depressant effects such as drowsiness, sedation, and impaired psychomotor function.
Trade Name | Bi Yan Tong |
Availability | Rx and/or OTC |
Generic | Loratadine |
Loratadine Other Names | Loratadina, Loratadine, Loratadinum |
Related Drugs | prednisone, hydroxyzine, cetirizine, fluticasone nasal, montelukast, promethazine, diphenhydramine, triamcinolone, Benadryl, Zyrtec |
Type | |
Formula | C22H23ClN2O2 |
Weight | Average: 382.883 Monoisotopic: 382.144805697 |
Protein binding | 97 - 99% of the loratadine is bound to plasma proteins. |
Groups | Approved, Investigational |
Therapeutic Class | Non-sedating antihistamines |
Manufacturer | |
Available Country | China |
Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Bi Yan Tong provides faster relief from the symptoms of hay fever, allergic rhinitis such as sneezing, nasal discharge, itching, ocular itching and burning, nasal and ocular sign and symptoms are relieved rapidly after oral administration.
Bi Yan Tong is also effective in idiopathic chronic urticaria. In children over 2 years, Bi Yan Tong is used for the symptomatic relief of seasonal allergic rhinitis and allergic skin conditions such as urticaria nettle rash.
Bi Yan Tong is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Allergic Dermatologic Disorders, Allergic Rhinitis (AR), Allergies, Chronic Urticaria, Common Cold, Eye pruritus, Fever, Nasal Congestion, Nasal Itching, Pain, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Perennial Rhinitis, Pollen Allergy, Pruritus, Rhinorrhoea, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Sneezing, Sensation of burning in the eyes, Watery eyes, Watery itchy eyes
How Bi Yan Tong works
Histamine release is a key mediator in allergic rhinitis and urticaria. As a result, loratadine exerts it's effect by targeting H1 histamine receptors.
Bi Yan Tong binds to H1 histamine receptors found on the surface of epithelial cells, endothelial cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, airway cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells among others. H1 histamine receptors fall under the wider umbrella of G-protein coupled receptors, and exist in a state of equilibrium between the active and inactive forms. Histamine binding to the H1-receptor facilitates cross linking between transmembrane domains III and V, stabilizing the active form of the receptor. On the other hand, antihistamines bind to a different site on the H1 receptor favouring the inactive form.
Hence, loratadine can more accurately be classified as an "inverse agonist" as opposed to a "histamine antagonist", and can prevent or reduce the severity of histamine mediated symptoms.
Dosage
Bi Yan Tong dosage
Adult & children over 12 years of age: One Bi Yan Tong 10 mg tablet once daily (usually in the morning).
Children:
- 2-12 years (body weight more than 30 Kg): 10 mg Bi Yan Tong once daily.
- 2-12 years (body weight less than 30 Kg): 5 mg Bi Yan Tong once daily.
- Below 2 years of age: Safety and efficacy of Bi Yan Tong have not been established.
Liver & renal impairment: Patients with liver impairment and renal insufficiency (GFR <30 ml/min) should be given a lower initial dose (10 mg every other day).
Side Effects
Fatigue, nausea and headache were reported rarely. Scientific studies showed that Bi Yan Tong does not cause drowsiness. It does not affect performance and ability to drive or tasks requiring concentration.
Toxicity
Second generation antihistamines such as loratadine have very few adverse effects; however, insomnia, headache, fatigue, drowsiness and rash have been reported. Symptoms of loratadine overdose include gastrointestinal side effects, agitation, drowsiness, tachycardia, and headache. It is advised to obtain an ECG in the event of loratadine overdose.
Precaution
Patients with liver impairment and renal insufficiency (GFR <30 ml/min) should be given a lower initial dose (10 mg every other day).
Interaction
When administered concurrently with alcohol, Bi Yan Tong has no potentiating effect as measured by psychomotor performance studies. Interactions with other drugs have not been reported.
Food Interaction
No interactions found.[Minor] Theoretically, grapefruit juice may increase the plasma concentrations of loratadine as it does other drugs that are substrates of the CYP450 3A4 enzymatic pathway.
The proposed mechanism is inhibition of CYP450 3A4-mediated first-pass metabolism in the gut wall by certain compounds present in grapefruits.
The clinical significance of this potential interaction is unknown.
Reported interactions with potent CYP450 3A4 inhibitors like clarithromycin, erythromycin and ketoconazole have produced substantial increases in the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of loratadine and its active metabolite, descarboethoxyloratadine, without associated changes in the overall safety profile of the drug.
Bi Yan Tong Drug Interaction
Unknown: fluticasone / salmeterol, aspirin, aspirin, diphenhydramine, ubiquinone, duloxetine, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, fluticasone nasal, pregabalin, metoprolol, metoprolol, polyethylene glycol 3350, albuterol, montelukast, budesonide / formoterol, levothyroxine, acetaminophen, cyanocobalamin, ascorbic acid, cholecalciferol
Bi Yan Tong Disease Interaction
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution of loratadine is 120 L/Kg.
Elimination Route
Bi Yan Tong is rapidly absorbed and achieves peak plasma concentration in 1-2 hours, while it's main metabolite achieves peak plasma concentration in 3-4 hours.
In the rapid dissolve formulation, the pharmacokinetic parameters of loratadine are as follows: Cmax = 2.56 ng/ml, Tmax = 1.14 hrs, AUC = 6.14 ng x hr/ml.
In the rapid dissolve formulation, the pharmacokinetic parameters of descarboethoxyloratadine are as follows: Cmax = 3.72 ng/ml, Tmax = 1.97 hr, AUC = 49.1 ng x hr/ml.
In the conventional formulation, the pharmacokinetic parameters of loratadine are as follows: Cmax = 2.11 ng/ml, Tmax = 1.00 hr, AUC = 4.64 ng x hr/ml
In the conventional formulation, the pharmacokinetic parameters of descarboethoxyloratadine are as follows: Cmax = 3.66 ng/ml, Tmax = 1.97 hr, AUC = 48.4 ng x hr/ml
Half Life
The elimination half life is approximately 10 hours for loratadine and 20 hours for descarboethoxyloratadine.
Clearance
The clearance of loratadine after single oral doses of 20 mg and 40 mg are 12 L/h/kg and 9 L/h/kg respectively. P-glycoprotein is involved in the clearance of many 2nd generation antihistamines, including loratadine, from the central nervous system. 1st generation antihistamines are not cleared by P-glycoprotein, which may help explain why they have a different central nervous system adverse effect profile compared to their 2nd generation counterparts. It appears that an antihistamine with higher affinity for p-glycoprotein will have a lower incidence of CNS adverse effects.
Elimination Route
Over a 10 day period, 40% of loratadine is excreted in the urine, and 42% is eliminated in the faeces.
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use
Use in pregnancy: There is no experience of the use of Bi Yan Tong in human pregnancy, hence it should not be used during pregnancy.
Use in lactation: Bi Yan Tong is excreted in breast milk, so it should not be administered to lactating mother.
Contraindication
Bi Yan Tong is contraindicated in patients who have shown hypersensitivity or idiosyncracy to their components.
Acute Overdose
Symptoms: Somnolence, tachycardia headache, drowsiness, extrapyramidal manifestations and palpitations.
Management: Symptomatic and supportive treatment. Immediately empty stomach by inducing emesis with ipecac syrup. Admin of activated charcoal after emesis may be useful. If induction of vomiting is unsuccessful or contraindicated (e.g. patient is comatose, having seizures or lacks gag reflex), gastric lavage with NaCl 0.9% soln may be performed to prevent aspiration of gastric contents. Saline cathartics may be useful to rapidly dilute bowel contents.
Storage Condition
Store between 20-25° C.
Innovators Monograph
You find simplified version here Bi Yan Tong
Bi Yan Tong contains Loratadine see full prescribing information from innovator Bi Yan Tong Monograph, Bi Yan Tong MSDS, Bi Yan Tong FDA label
FAQ
What is Bi Yan Tong used for?
Bi Yan Tong is used to treat sneezing, runny nose, watery eyes, hives, skin rash, hay fever, itching, and other cold or allergy symptoms. It's also used to treat hay fever.
How safe is Bi Yan Tong?
Generally, it's considered safe to use Bi Yan Tong for a long time, but you should only take it if you need it.Depending on your condition, you may only need to use Bi Yan Tong for a short period of time, or you might need to take it longer to treat stubborn allergies.
How does Bi Yan Tong work?
Bi Yan Tong works by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms.
What are the common side effects of Bi Yan Tong?
Common side effects of Bi Yan Tong are include:
- headache
- dry mouth
- nosebleed
- sore throat
- mouth sores
- difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep
- nervousness
- weakness
- stomach pain
- diarrhea
- red or itchy eyes
Is Bi Yan Tong safe during pregnancy?
Bi Yan Tong can be taken in pregnancy. There is no good evidence that it can harm your baby.
Is Bi Yan Tong safe during breastfeeding?
Considering the minimal exposure of a nursing infant to the drugs through breast milk, maternal use of Bi Yan Tong in a standard therapeutic dose is unlikely to result in adverse effects in nursing infants and is considered to be compatible with breastfeeding.
Can I drink alcohol with Bi Yan Tong?
If you take an allergy medication like Bi Yan Tong, you may be at risk of drowsiness and confusion if you drink alcohol.
Can I drive after taking Bi Yan Tong?
Bi Yan Tong is classed as a non-drowsy antihistamine but it's still possible to feel sleepy after taking it. If this happens to you, do not drive a car or ride a bike until you feel better.
When is the best time to take Bi Yan Tong?
Take Bi Yan Tong once a day at the same time each day, either in the morning or in the evening. You can take Bi Yan Tong with or without food.
Is it safe to take Bi Yan Tong every day?
Bi Yan Tong is safe to take daily.
Can I take Bi Yan Tong on an empty stomach?
You may take Bi Yan Tong with food or on an empty stomach.
How long does Bi Yan Tong take to work?
Usually, Bi Yan Tong tablets start to work within 30 minutes after being taken and tend to be most effective within 1-2 hours after being taken.
How long does Bi Yan Tong stay in my system?
The elimination half-life of Bi Yan Tong is 8–14 hours and that of its metabolite is 17–24 hours, which accounts for the 24-hour duration of action of the drug. Wheal inhibition is detected at 1.5 hours after administration, reaches a peak at 4–6 hours, and may last 36–48 hours.
Can I take Bi Yan Tong for a long time?
Yes, you can take Bi Yan Tong daily and long term. Bi Yan Tong is an antihistamine used to treat for allergy symptoms. If your symptoms are year round then it is able to be taken long term. If your symptoms are seasonal or you have allergy symptoms occasionally, then it is taken daily when required.
Who should not take Bi Yan Tong?
You should not take Bi Yan Tong if you have any symptom of bellow:
- liver failure.
- liver problems.
- moderate to severe kidney impairment.
What happens if I miss a dose?
Bi Yan Tong is used when needed. Do not use Bi Yan Tong more than once in a 24-hour period. Do not use two doses at one time.
What happens if I overdose on Bi Yan Tong?
Overdose symptoms may include headache, drowsiness, and fast or pounding heartbeat.Seek emergency medical attention.
How quickly does Bi Yan Tong work?
Bi Yan Tong reaches peak plasma concentration in 1-2 hours; the metabolite does so in 3-4 hours. Their respective elimination half-lives are about 10 and 20 hours. Onset of action is within 1 hour and duration is at least 24 hour.
Can Bi Yan Tong affect fertility?
They found Bi Yan Tong could have negative long-term side effects for male fertility.
Is Bi Yan Tong safe for heart patients?
Newer Bi Yan Tong like Bi Yan Tong are all fairly safe for the heart, with fexofenadine seeming to be the absolute safest if you are at risk of arrythmia.
Does Bi Yan Tong affect blood pressure?
Bi Yan Tong increase your blood pressure and heart rate.
Can Bi Yan Tong affects my liver?
Patients with liver disease may be at greater risk for adverse effects from Bi Yan Tong due to drug and metabolite accumulation. The manufacturer recommends one-half the regular dosage initially in patients with liver failure or decreased renal function.
Can I just stop taking Bi Yan Tong?
Exposure to substances such as pollen, pet fur, house dust or insect bites can cause your body to produce allergic symptoms. Cells in the lining of your nose and eyes release histamine when they come into contact with these substances.