Butamben
Butamben Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Butamben is a local anesthetic in the form of n-butyl-p-aminobenzoate. Its structure corresponds to the standard molecule of a hydrophilic and hydrophobic domain separated by an intermediate ester found in most of the local anesthetics. Due to its very low water solubility, butamben was considered of low usability as it is only suitable to be used as a topical anesthesia. This belief changed with the introduction of epidural suspensions of butamben. All butamben-containing products were removed from the market under the belief that it is unsafe or ineffective.
Butamben has been shown to selectively inhibit dorsal root pain signal transmission for periods of months when administered as epidural suspensions. The effect of butamben is not related to any significant loss of motor function which indicates that it targets specifically the pain-sensing C fibers of the dorsal root. When administered topically, butamben produced anesthesia by accumulating in the nerve cell membrane causing it to expand and lose its ability to depolarize and blocking the impulse transmission.
| Trade Name | Butamben |
| Generic | Butamben |
| Butamben Other Names | Butamben, Butyl aminobenzoate |
| Type | |
| Formula | C11H15NO2 |
| Weight | Average: 193.246 Monoisotopic: 193.110278727 |
| Protein binding | As all other local anesthetics, it is thought that butamben will be highly bound to plasma proteins, mainly to alpha-1-acid glycoprotein. |
| Groups | Approved, Withdrawn |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Butamben is anesthesia of mucus membranes other than the eyes.
Butamben was indicated for the treatment of chronic pain due to its long-duration effect. It is also indicated as a surface anesthetic for skin a mucous membrane and for the relief of pain and pruritus associated with anorectal disorders.
How Butamben works
Butamben acts by inhibiting the voltage-gated calcium channels in dorsal root ganglion neurons. The modification in this channels is thought to cause a disturbance of the channel kinetics acceleration. It is reported as well that butamben is an inhibitor of the sodium channels and a delayed rectifier of potassium currents. All the effects of butamben are performed in the root ganglion neurons which suggests that the related anesthetic effect may be caused by the reduced electrical excitability.
Toxicity
In studies, the most common effect was related to the generation of a prolonged effect. It was also shown in preclinical trials to produce tissue necrosis and neuritis. The LD50 of butamben is registered to be of 67 mg/kg.
Food Interaction
No interactions found.Volume of Distribution
This pharmacokinetic property has not been determined.
Elimination Route
When butamben is administered epidurally in a suspension form, the physical characteristics of butamben allow a very slow release. When administered topically, butamben is also reported to have a very low systemic absorption which allows for a longer duration of action.
Half Life
The effective half-life of unencapsulated butamben is registered to be of 90 minutes. Some efforts were made to prepare D, L-lactic acid capsules which increased the half-life of butamben to even 400 hours.
Clearance
Clearance is flow-limited and it highly depends on the state of protein-bound form.
Elimination Route
The metabolites found in plasma after cholinesterase processing are disposed of in the urine.
Innovators Monograph
You find simplified version here Butamben
