Calmopic
Calmopic Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Calcium citrate is a salt typically used as a source of calcium in a variety of over the counter supplements.
Increases plasma calcium levels leading to a decrease in calcium flux and increase in calcium deposition into bone
Magnesium citrate is a low volume and osmotic cathartic agent. The cathartic action works primarily through the high osmolarity of the solution which draws large amounts of fluid into space where is used. Magnesium citrate is considered by the FDA as an approved inactive ingredient for approved drug products under the specifications of oral administration of a maximum concentration of 237 mg. It is also considered as an active ingredient in over-the-counter products.
The onset of action can be as early as 30 minutes after administration with a mean onset time of approximately 2 hours and a maximum action of 4 hours. The effect of magnesium citrate is highly dependent on the individual's hydration status.
| Trade Name | Calmopic |
| Generic | Calcium Citrate + Zinc Sulphate + Magnesium Citrate + Vitamin D3 / Cholecalciferol |
| Weight | 1000mg |
| Type | Tablet |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | Apichem Healthcare |
| Available Country | India |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Calcium citrate is an ingredient found in a variety of supplements and vitamins.
For use as an over the counter calcium supplement.
Magnesium citrate is a laxative used in bowel preparation for colonoscopy or as a magnesium supplement.
Magnesium citrate has been used in bowel preparations prior to a colonoscopy as a cathartic agent.
It is also used in over-the-counter products to relieve occasional constipation.
Magnesium citrate can be one of the forms used for the administration of dietary supplements.
Calmopic is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Calcium Deficiency, Deficiency of Vitamin D3, Deficiency, Vitamin D, Folate deficiency, Hypocalcemia, Iron Deficiency (ID), OsteoporosisMigraine
How Calmopic works
Calcium citrate increases plasma calcium levels. This reduces calcium flux from osteocyte activity by reducing the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) . Calcium does this by stimulating a G-protein coupled calcium receptor on the surface of parathyroid cells. The reduction in calcium flux increases the amount of calcium deposited in bone resulting in an increase in bone mineral density. The reduction in PTH secretion also reduces the amount of vitamin D metabolized to its active form, calcidiol. Since calcidiol increases the expression of calcium dependent ATPases and transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 6 (TRPV6) both of which are involved in calcium uptake from the gut, a reduction in calcidiol results in less calcium absorption. Additionally, TRPV5, the channel responsible for calcium reabsorption in the kidney, is downregulated when PTH secretion is reduced thus increasing calcium excretion via the kidneys. Another hormone, calitonin, is likely involved in the reduction of bone resorption during periods of high plasma calcium.
It mainly works through its property of high osmolality which will draw large amounts of fluid into the colonic lumen. There is also a possible stimulation of fluid excretion by cholecystokinin release and activation of muscle peristalsis.
Toxicity
Patients taking more than 4g of calcium a day are at risk of hypercalcemia and metabolic alkalosis . Chronic intake of calcium supplements is associated with adverse gastrointestinal symptoms such as constipation and flatulence .
The occurrence of overdose with magnesium citrate is very unlikely but some of the signs of the presence of overdose are diarrhea or severe stomach pain.
Elimination Route
The percentage of calcium absorbed varies inversely with intake . Tmax of about 3.5-5h varying with formulation .
Mean plasma concentration of magnesium after administration of oral doses of magnesium citrate are reported to be of around 0.7 mmol/L and the concentration in saliva rested in 0.28 mmol/L. In reports, it has also been proven that the absorption and bioavailability of magnesium are greater when administered in the form of magnesium citrate when compared with other forms such as magnesium ocude.
Half Life
The study of the half-life of magnesium citrate is very difficult due to the half-life of the available isotopes for magnesium.
Elimination Route
Cleared via the kidneys but largely reabsorbed (98-99%) under normal conditions .
After oral administration of magnesium citrate, there is a 40% increase in urine excretion of magnesium. Magnesium citrate is also widely eliminated via the feces because, when present in the bowel, it relaxes the bowel and pulls water into the intestine which increases bowel movement and a significant portion of this agent gets excreted by this via.
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