ChloraPrep

Uses

For the disinfection of clean and intact skin. For pre-operative surgical hand disinfection, hand disinfection on the ward prior to aseptic procedures or after handling contaminated materials. For disinfection of the patients’ skin prior to surgery or other invasive procedures

ChloraPrep is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Catarrh of the throat, Chemotherapy Induced Mucositis, Chronic Wounds, Decubitus Ulcer, Dental Cavity, Dysphagia, Eczema infected, Foeter Ex Ore, Gingival Bleeding, Gingival disorders NEC, Gingivitis, Glossitis, Hoarseness, Infection, Infectious Periodontal Diseases, Injury Throat, Mild to Moderate Inflammatory Reaction of the Oral Cavity, Mild to Moderate Inflammatory Reaction of the Pharynx, Mouth injury, Mucositis, Neurodermatitis, Ocular Inflammation, Ocular Irritation, Oral Aphthous Ulcer, Oral Infection, Pain, Periodontitis, Pharyngitis, Plaque, Dental, Postoperative Wound Infection, Purulent Gingivitis, Radiation Mucositis, Red eye, Ringworm, Skin Infections, Skin Infections, Bacterial, Sore Throat, Stomatitis, Surgical Wound, Tissue Damage, Tonsillitis, Ulcer, Aphthous, Ulcers, Leg, Wound Infections, Dry, cracked skin, Gum disorder, Gum pain, Moderate Gingivitis, Oral lesions, Recurrent Oral fungal infection, Severe Gingivitis, Superficial Wounds, Throat disinfection, Tongue inflammation, Anesthesia of Mucous Membrane, Antimicrobial Therapy, Contact Lens Care, Disinfection, Disinfection of External Genitalia, Disinfection of the Urethra, Disinfection of the Vaginal Mucosa, Irrigation therapy, Lubrication of the Urethra, Oral Care, Oral Hygiene, Oropharyngeal antisepsis, Skin disinfection, Surgical Scrubbing, Topical Antisepsis, Urethral Anesthesia, Wound Cleansing, Wound Healing, Oral antisepsis, Oral disinfectionInfection, Preoperative Skin Preparation, Skin disinfection, Prophylaxis of bacterial skin infections

How ChloraPrep works

Chlorhexidine’s broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects are due to its ability to disrupt microbial cell membranes. The positively charged chlorhexidine molecule reacts with negatively charged phosphate groups on microbial cell surfaces - this reaction both destroys the integrity of the cell, allowing leakage of intracellular material, and allows chlorhexidine to enter the cell, causing precipitation of cytoplasmic components and ultimately cell death. The specific means of cell death is dependent on the concentration of chlorhexidine - lower concentrations are bacteriostatic and result in leakage of intracellular substances such as potassium and phosphorous, whereas higher concentrations are bactericidal and cause cytoplasmic precipitation.

Dosage

ChloraPrep dosage

Adults-

• Pre-operative surgical hand disinfection: Dispense 5 ml of solution and spread thoroughly over both hands and forearms, rubbing vigorously. When dry apply a further 5 ml and repeat the procedure.
• Antiseptic hand disinfection on the ward: Dispense 3 ml of solution and spread thoroughly over the hands and wrists rubbing vigorously until dry.
• Disinfection of patients skin: Prior to surgery apply the solution to a sterile swab and rub vigorously over the operation site for a minimum of 2 minutes. Chlorhexidine Gluconate is also used for preparation of the skin prior to invasive procedures such as venepuncture.

Elderly and children: There are no specialdosing regimes for children and the elderly.

To completely remove germs from hands wash your hand with this Anti-Germ Hand Wash for 20 seconds using the below WHO recommended 7 steps:

• Step 1: Wet Hands. Wet your hands and apply enough liquid soap to create a good lather.
• Step 2: Rub Palms Together.
• Step 3: Rub the Back of Hands.
• Step 4: Interlink Your Fingers.
• Step 5: Cup Your Fingers.
• Step 6: Clean the Thumbs.
• Step 7: Rub Palms with Your Fingers.

Side Effects

Irritative skin reactions can occasionally occur. Generalised allergic reactions have also been reported but are extremely rare

Toxicity

The LD₅₀ of subcutaneously administered chlorhexidine in mice is >5 g/kg.

Small children are likely to be more susceptible to chlorhexidine overdose - ingestion of 1-2 ounces by a small child may result in gastric distress, nausea, and intoxication. Treatment should consist of symptomatic and supportive measures. Seek medical attention if a child ingests >4 ounces of chlorhexidine solution or if symptoms of intoxication develop post-exposure.

Precaution

Avoid contact with brain, meninges, middle ear or sensitive tissues and eyes. Do not inject or use in body cavities.

Interaction

Chlorhexidine is incompatible with soaps and other anionic agents. Hypochlorite bleaches may cause brown stains to develop in fabrics which have previously been in contact with chlorhexidine solutions.

Elimination Route

Topically, chlorhexidine is unlikely to undergo any degree of systemic absorption. Orally administered chlorhexidine, such as that found in oral rinses for dental purposes, is very poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract - the C_max in human subjects following an oral dose of 300mg was 0.206 µg/g and occurred approximately 30 minutes after ingestion (T_max). Following the insertion of 4 PerioChips in 18 adult patients, no detectable plasma or urine chlorhexidine levels were observed.

Elimination Route

Excretion of chlorhexidine gluconate occurs almost exclusively via the feces, with less than 1% of an ingested dose excreted in the urine.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use

No untoward effects are known

Contraindication

Chlorhexidine Gluconate is contraindicated for persons who have previously shown a hypersensitivity reaction to chlorhexidine. However, such reactions are extremely rare.

Acute Overdose

Symptoms: Pharyngeal oedema, necrotic lesions of the esophagus and elevated serum aminotransferase concentrations.

Management: Gastric lavage using milk, raw egg, gelatin or mild soap, or employ appropriate supportive measures.

Storage Condition

Do not store above 25° C.

Innovators Monograph

You find simplified version here ChloraPrep