Chlorcyclizine And Pseudoephedrine
Chlorcyclizine And Pseudoephedrine Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Chlorcyclizine is a first generation phenylpiperazine class antihistamine used to treat urticaria, rhinitis, pruritus, and other allergy symptoms. Chlorcyclizine also has some local anesthetic, anticholinergic, and antiserotonergic properties, and can be used as an antiemetic.
Pseudoephedrine is structurally related to ephedrine but exerts a weaker effect on the sympathetic nervous system. Both drugs naturally occur in in ephedra plant which have a history of use in traditional Eastern medicine and were first researched in the west in 1889. The decongestant effect of pseudoephedrine was described in dogs in 1927.
Pseudoephedrine causes vasoconstriction which leads to a decongestant effect. It has a short duration of action unless formulated as an extended release product. Patients should be counselled regarding the risk of central nervous system stimulation.
| Trade Name | Chlorcyclizine And Pseudoephedrine |
| Generic | Chlorcyclizine + pseudoephedrine |
| Weight | 9.375mg + 30mg/5ml, 25mg + 60mg |
| Type | Oral liquid, oral tablet |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | United States |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Pseudoephedrine is an alpha and beta adrenergic agonist used to treat nasal and sinus congestion, as well as allergic rhinitis.
Pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine used for its decongestant activity.
Chlorcyclizine And Pseudoephedrine is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Allergic Rhinitis (AR), Allergies, Common Cold, Motion Sickness, Pollen AllergyAllergic Rhinitis (AR), Allergies, Common Cold, Common Cold Associated With Cough, Common Cold/Flu, Cough, Cough caused by Common Cold, Eye allergy, Fever, Flu caused by Influenza, Headache, Irritative cough, Nasal Allergies, Nasal Congestion, Nasal Congestion caused by Common Cold, Pain, Perennial Allergy, Priapism, Respiratory Allergy, Rhinorrhoea, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Seasonal Allergies, Sinus Congestion, Sinusitis, Sneezing, Sore Throat, Symptoms of Acute Bronchitis Accompanied by Coughing, Throat irritation, Upper Respiratory Tract Infection, Upper respiratory tract congestion, Upper respiratory tract signs and symptoms, Dry cough, Minor aches and pains, Sinus pain, Watery itchy eyes, Airway secretion clearance therapy
How Chlorcyclizine And Pseudoephedrine works
Pseudoephedrine acts mainly as an agonist of alpha adrenergic receptors and less strongly as an agonist of beta adrenergic receptors.[A10896] This agonism of adrenergic receptors produces vasoconstriction which is used as a decongestant and as a treatment of priapism. Pseudoephedrine is also an inhibitor of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin transporters.
The sympathomimetic effects of pseudoephedrine include an increase in mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and chronotropic response of the right atria. Pseudoephedrine is also a partial agonist of the anococcygeal muscle. Pseudoephedrine also inhibits NF-kappa-B, NFAT, and AP-1.
Toxicity
The oral LD50 of pseudoephedrine is 2206mg/kg in rats and 726mg/kg in mice.
Patients experiencing an overdose of pseudoephedrine may present with giddiness, headache, nausea, vomiting, sweating, thirst, tachycardia, precordial pain, palpitations, difficulty urinating, muscle weakness, muscle tension, anxiety, restlessness, insomnia, toxic psychosis, cardiac arrhythmias, circulatory collapse, convulsions, coma, and respiratory failure. Treat overdose with symptomatic and supportive treatment including removal of unabsorbed drug.
Volume of Distribution
After a single oral dose of 2 mg/kg to 4 subjects, average peak plasma concentrations of about 0.05 mg/L and 0.03 mg/L were attained in 5 h for unchanged drug and norchlorcyclizine, respectively. After oral administration of 50 mg 3 times a day for 6 days, plasma concentrations of norchlorcyclizine of 0.05 to 0.11 mg/L were reported on the first day after the cessation of treatment and plasma concentrations of 0.02 to 0.04 mg/L were found on the 10th day after cessation of treatment [Kuntzman et al. 1973].
The apparent volume of distribution of pseudoephedrin is 2.6-3.3L/kg.
Elimination Route
Readily absorbed after oral administration and widely distributed throughout the body. Metabolised by N-demethylation to form norchlorcyclizine and by N-oxidation.
A 240mg oral dose of pseudoephedrine reaches a Cmax of 246.3±10.5ng/mL fed and 272.5±13.4ng/mL fasted, with a Tmax of 6.60±1.38h fed and 11.87±0.72h fasted, with an AUC of 6862.0±334.1ng*h/mL fed and 7535.1±333.0ng*h/mL fasted.
Half Life
about 12 h.
The mean elimination half life of pseudoephedrine is 6.0h.
Clearance
A 60mg oral dose of pseudoephedrine has a clearance of 5.9±1.7mL/min/kg.
Elimination Route
Slowly excreted in the urine; measurable amounts of norchlorcyclizine have been detected in the urine for up to 3 weeks after the cessation of chronic oral administration. About 0.5% of a single dose is excreted in the urine as the N-oxide.
55-75% of an oral dose is detected in the urine as unchanged pseudoephedrine.
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