Cidofovir Dihydrate Uses, Dosage, Side Effects and more
Cidofovir Dihydrate is an injectable antiviral medication employed in the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients diagnosed with AIDS. It suppresses CMV replication through selective inhibition of viral DNA synthesis. It was manufactured by Gilead and initially approved by the FDA in 1996, but has since been discontinued.
Cidofovir Dihydrate is a new anti-viral drug. It is classified as a nucleotide analogue and is active against herpes cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis infection. Most adults are infected with CMV. Cidofovir Dihydrate suppresses cytomegalovirus (CMV) replication by selective inhibition of viral DNA synthesis.
| Trade Name | Cidofovir Dihydrate |
| Availability | Prescription only |
| Generic | Cidofovir |
| Cidofovir Other Names | Cidofovir, Cidofovirum |
| Related Drugs | ganciclovir ophthalmic, valganciclovir, Valcyte, foscarnet, Cytovene |
| Type | |
| Formula | C8H14N3O6P |
| Weight | Average: 279.187 Monoisotopic: 279.062021707 |
| Protein binding | 6% |
| Groups | Approved |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | USA |
| Last Updated: | January 7, 2025 at 1:49 am |
Uses
Cidofovir Dihydrate is an antiviral agent used to treat Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients with AIDS.
For the treatment of CMV retinitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Cidofovir Dihydrate is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Cytomegalovirus Retinitis, Herpes Simplex Virus, Monkeypox, Smallpox
How Cidofovir Dihydrate works
Cidofovir Dihydrate acts through the selective inhibition of viral DNA polymerase.Biochemical data support selective inhibition of CMV DNA polymerase by cidofovir diphosphate, the active intracellular metabolite of cidofovir. Cidofovir Dihydrate diphosphate inhibits herpesvirus polymerases at concentrations that are 8- to 600-fold lower than those needed to inhibit human cellular DNA polymerase alpha, beta, and gamma(1,2,3). Incorporation of cidofovir into the growing viral DNA chain results in reductions in the rate of viral DNA synthesis.
Toxicity
Kidney damage, fall in the number of white blood cells, decreased platelets
Food Interaction
No interactions found.Drug Interaction
Unknown: aripiprazole, aripiprazole, aspirin, aspirin, amphetamine / dextroamphetamine, amphetamine / dextroamphetamine, aspirin, aspirin, diltiazem, diltiazem, diltiazem, diltiazem, sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim, albuterol / ipratropium, albuterol / ipratropium, meperidine, meperidine, cholecalciferol, cholecalciferol
Disease Interaction
Major: dehydration, neutropenia, renal dysfunction
Volume of Distribution
- 537 ± 126 mL/kg [VISTIDE ADMINISTERED WITHOUT PROBENECID]
- 410 ± 102 mL/kg [VISTIDE ADMINISTERED WITH PROBENECID]
Elimination Route
100%
Half Life
2.4 to 3.2 hours
Clearance
- 179 +/- 23.1 mL/min/1.73 m2 [WITHOUT PROBENECID]
- 148 +/- 38.8 mL/min/1.73 m2 [WITH PROBENECID]
