claritine
claritine Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
claritine is a non-sedating antihistamine. It works by selectively binding to peripheral histamine H1-receptors on effector cells.
Like other 2nd generation antihistamines, loratadine is selective for peripheral H1 receptors. claritine does not penetrate effectively into the central nervous system and has poor affinity for CNS H1-receptors. These qualities result in a lack of CNS depressant effects such as drowsiness, sedation, and impaired psychomotor function.
Trade Name | claritine |
Availability | Rx and/or OTC |
Generic | Loratadine |
Loratadine Other Names | Loratadina, Loratadine, Loratadinum |
Related Drugs | prednisone, hydroxyzine, cetirizine, fluticasone nasal, montelukast, promethazine, diphenhydramine, triamcinolone, Benadryl, Zyrtec |
Weight | 10mg, 1mg/ml, |
Type | Tablet, Syrup |
Formula | C22H23ClN2O2 |
Weight | Average: 382.883 Monoisotopic: 382.144805697 |
Protein binding | 97 - 99% of the loratadine is bound to plasma proteins. |
Groups | Approved, Investigational |
Therapeutic Class | Non-sedating antihistamines |
Manufacturer | Spimaco |
Available Country | Saudi Arabia, Portugal, Switzerland |
Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
claritine provides faster relief from the symptoms of hay fever, allergic rhinitis such as sneezing, nasal discharge, itching, ocular itching and burning, nasal and ocular sign and symptoms are relieved rapidly after oral administration.
claritine is also effective in idiopathic chronic urticaria. In children over 2 years, claritine is used for the symptomatic relief of seasonal allergic rhinitis and allergic skin conditions such as urticaria nettle rash.
claritine is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Allergic Dermatologic Disorders, Allergic Rhinitis (AR), Allergies, Chronic Urticaria, Common Cold, Eye pruritus, Fever, Nasal Congestion, Nasal Itching, Pain, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR), Perennial Rhinitis, Pollen Allergy, Pruritus, Rhinorrhoea, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Sneezing, Sensation of burning in the eyes, Watery eyes, Watery itchy eyes
How claritine works
Histamine release is a key mediator in allergic rhinitis and urticaria. As a result, loratadine exerts it's effect by targeting H1 histamine receptors.
claritine binds to H1 histamine receptors found on the surface of epithelial cells, endothelial cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, airway cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells among others. H1 histamine receptors fall under the wider umbrella of G-protein coupled receptors, and exist in a state of equilibrium between the active and inactive forms. Histamine binding to the H1-receptor facilitates cross linking between transmembrane domains III and V, stabilizing the active form of the receptor. On the other hand, antihistamines bind to a different site on the H1 receptor favouring the inactive form.
Hence, loratadine can more accurately be classified as an "inverse agonist" as opposed to a "histamine antagonist", and can prevent or reduce the severity of histamine mediated symptoms.
Dosage
claritine dosage
Adult & children over 12 years of age: One claritine 10 mg tablet once daily (usually in the morning).
Children:
- 2-12 years (body weight more than 30 Kg): 10 mg claritine once daily.
- 2-12 years (body weight less than 30 Kg): 5 mg claritine once daily.
- Below 2 years of age: Safety and efficacy of claritine have not been established.
Liver & renal impairment: Patients with liver impairment and renal insufficiency (GFR <30 ml/min) should be given a lower initial dose (10 mg every other day).
Side Effects
Fatigue, nausea and headache were reported rarely. Scientific studies showed that claritine does not cause drowsiness. It does not affect performance and ability to drive or tasks requiring concentration.
Toxicity
Second generation antihistamines such as loratadine have very few adverse effects; however, insomnia, headache, fatigue, drowsiness and rash have been reported. Symptoms of loratadine overdose include gastrointestinal side effects, agitation, drowsiness, tachycardia, and headache. It is advised to obtain an ECG in the event of loratadine overdose.
Precaution
Patients with liver impairment and renal insufficiency (GFR <30 ml/min) should be given a lower initial dose (10 mg every other day).
Interaction
When administered concurrently with alcohol, claritine has no potentiating effect as measured by psychomotor performance studies. Interactions with other drugs have not been reported.
Food Interaction
No interactions found.[Minor] Theoretically, grapefruit juice may increase the plasma concentrations of loratadine as it does other drugs that are substrates of the CYP450 3A4 enzymatic pathway.
The proposed mechanism is inhibition of CYP450 3A4-mediated first-pass metabolism in the gut wall by certain compounds present in grapefruits.
The clinical significance of this potential interaction is unknown.
Reported interactions with potent CYP450 3A4 inhibitors like clarithromycin, erythromycin and ketoconazole have produced substantial increases in the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of loratadine and its active metabolite, descarboethoxyloratadine, without associated changes in the overall safety profile of the drug.
claritine Drug Interaction
Unknown: fluticasone / salmeterol, aspirin, aspirin, diphenhydramine, ubiquinone, duloxetine, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, fluticasone nasal, pregabalin, metoprolol, metoprolol, polyethylene glycol 3350, albuterol, montelukast, budesonide / formoterol, levothyroxine, acetaminophen, cyanocobalamin, ascorbic acid, cholecalciferol
claritine Disease Interaction
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution of loratadine is 120 L/Kg.
Elimination Route
claritine is rapidly absorbed and achieves peak plasma concentration in 1-2 hours, while it's main metabolite achieves peak plasma concentration in 3-4 hours.
In the rapid dissolve formulation, the pharmacokinetic parameters of loratadine are as follows: Cmax = 2.56 ng/ml, Tmax = 1.14 hrs, AUC = 6.14 ng x hr/ml.
In the rapid dissolve formulation, the pharmacokinetic parameters of descarboethoxyloratadine are as follows: Cmax = 3.72 ng/ml, Tmax = 1.97 hr, AUC = 49.1 ng x hr/ml.
In the conventional formulation, the pharmacokinetic parameters of loratadine are as follows: Cmax = 2.11 ng/ml, Tmax = 1.00 hr, AUC = 4.64 ng x hr/ml
In the conventional formulation, the pharmacokinetic parameters of descarboethoxyloratadine are as follows: Cmax = 3.66 ng/ml, Tmax = 1.97 hr, AUC = 48.4 ng x hr/ml
Half Life
The elimination half life is approximately 10 hours for loratadine and 20 hours for descarboethoxyloratadine.
Clearance
The clearance of loratadine after single oral doses of 20 mg and 40 mg are 12 L/h/kg and 9 L/h/kg respectively. P-glycoprotein is involved in the clearance of many 2nd generation antihistamines, including loratadine, from the central nervous system. 1st generation antihistamines are not cleared by P-glycoprotein, which may help explain why they have a different central nervous system adverse effect profile compared to their 2nd generation counterparts. It appears that an antihistamine with higher affinity for p-glycoprotein will have a lower incidence of CNS adverse effects.
Elimination Route
Over a 10 day period, 40% of loratadine is excreted in the urine, and 42% is eliminated in the faeces.
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use
Use in pregnancy: There is no experience of the use of claritine in human pregnancy, hence it should not be used during pregnancy.
Use in lactation: claritine is excreted in breast milk, so it should not be administered to lactating mother.
Contraindication
claritine is contraindicated in patients who have shown hypersensitivity or idiosyncracy to their components.
Acute Overdose
Symptoms: Somnolence, tachycardia headache, drowsiness, extrapyramidal manifestations and palpitations.
Management: Symptomatic and supportive treatment. Immediately empty stomach by inducing emesis with ipecac syrup. Admin of activated charcoal after emesis may be useful. If induction of vomiting is unsuccessful or contraindicated (e.g. patient is comatose, having seizures or lacks gag reflex), gastric lavage with NaCl 0.9% soln may be performed to prevent aspiration of gastric contents. Saline cathartics may be useful to rapidly dilute bowel contents.
Storage Condition
Store between 20-25° C.
Innovators Monograph
You find simplified version here claritine
claritine contains Loratadine see full prescribing information from innovator claritine Monograph, claritine MSDS, claritine FDA label
FAQ
What is claritine used for?
claritine is used to treat sneezing, runny nose, watery eyes, hives, skin rash, hay fever, itching, and other cold or allergy symptoms. It's also used to treat hay fever.
How safe is claritine?
Generally, it's considered safe to use claritine for a long time, but you should only take it if you need it.Depending on your condition, you may only need to use claritine for a short period of time, or you might need to take it longer to treat stubborn allergies.
How does claritine work?
claritine works by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms.
What are the common side effects of claritine?
Common side effects of claritine are include:
- headache
- dry mouth
- nosebleed
- sore throat
- mouth sores
- difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep
- nervousness
- weakness
- stomach pain
- diarrhea
- red or itchy eyes
Is claritine safe during pregnancy?
claritine can be taken in pregnancy. There is no good evidence that it can harm your baby.
Is claritine safe during breastfeeding?
Considering the minimal exposure of a nursing infant to the drugs through breast milk, maternal use of claritine in a standard therapeutic dose is unlikely to result in adverse effects in nursing infants and is considered to be compatible with breastfeeding.
Can I drink alcohol with claritine?
If you take an allergy medication like claritine, you may be at risk of drowsiness and confusion if you drink alcohol.
Can I drive after taking claritine?
claritine is classed as a non-drowsy antihistamine but it's still possible to feel sleepy after taking it. If this happens to you, do not drive a car or ride a bike until you feel better.
When is the best time to take claritine?
Take claritine once a day at the same time each day, either in the morning or in the evening. You can take claritine with or without food.
Is it safe to take claritine every day?
claritine is safe to take daily.
Can I take claritine on an empty stomach?
You may take claritine with food or on an empty stomach.
How long does claritine take to work?
Usually, claritine tablets start to work within 30 minutes after being taken and tend to be most effective within 1-2 hours after being taken.
How long does claritine stay in my system?
The elimination half-life of claritine is 8–14 hours and that of its metabolite is 17–24 hours, which accounts for the 24-hour duration of action of the drug. Wheal inhibition is detected at 1.5 hours after administration, reaches a peak at 4–6 hours, and may last 36–48 hours.
Can I take claritine for a long time?
Yes, you can take claritine daily and long term. claritine is an antihistamine used to treat for allergy symptoms. If your symptoms are year round then it is able to be taken long term. If your symptoms are seasonal or you have allergy symptoms occasionally, then it is taken daily when required.
Who should not take claritine?
You should not take claritine if you have any symptom of bellow:
- liver failure.
- liver problems.
- moderate to severe kidney impairment.
What happens if I miss a dose?
claritine is used when needed. Do not use claritine more than once in a 24-hour period. Do not use two doses at one time.
What happens if I overdose on claritine?
Overdose symptoms may include headache, drowsiness, and fast or pounding heartbeat.Seek emergency medical attention.
How quickly does claritine work?
claritine reaches peak plasma concentration in 1-2 hours; the metabolite does so in 3-4 hours. Their respective elimination half-lives are about 10 and 20 hours. Onset of action is within 1 hour and duration is at least 24 hour.
Can claritine affect fertility?
They found claritine could have negative long-term side effects for male fertility.
Is claritine safe for heart patients?
Newer claritine like claritine are all fairly safe for the heart, with fexofenadine seeming to be the absolute safest if you are at risk of arrythmia.
Does claritine affect blood pressure?
claritine increase your blood pressure and heart rate.
Can claritine affects my liver?
Patients with liver disease may be at greater risk for adverse effects from claritine due to drug and metabolite accumulation. The manufacturer recommends one-half the regular dosage initially in patients with liver failure or decreased renal function.
Can I just stop taking claritine?
Exposure to substances such as pollen, pet fur, house dust or insect bites can cause your body to produce allergic symptoms. Cells in the lining of your nose and eyes release histamine when they come into contact with these substances.