Diaset Tablet 25 mg

Diaset Tablet 25 mg Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

Diaset Tablet 25 mg reversibly inhibits membrane-bound intestinal α-glucosidase enzymes which hydrolyse oligosaccharides and disaccharides to glucose and other monosaccharides in the small intestinal brush border. It delays carbohydrate breakdown, glucose absorption and reduces postprandial hyperglycaemia.

Diaset Tablet 25 mg, an oral alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, is a desoxynojirimycin derivative that delays the digestion of ingested carbohydrates, thereby resulting in a smaller rise in blood glucose concentration following meals. As a consequence of plasma glucose reduction, miglitol reduce levels of glycosylated hemoglobin in patients with Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Systemic nonenzymatic protein glycosylation, as reflected by levels of glycosylated hemoglobin, is a function of average blood glucose concentration over time. Because its mechanism of action is different, the effect of miglitol to enhance glycemic control is additive to that of sulfonylureas when used in combination. In addition, miglitol diminishes the insulinotropic and weight-increasing effects of sulfonylureas. Diaset Tablet 25 mg has minor inhibitory activity against lactase and consequently, at the recommended doses, would not be expected to induce lactose intolerance.

Diaset Tablet 25 mg
Uses
Dosage
Side Effect
Precautions
Interactions
Uses during Pregnancy
Uses during Breastfeeding
Accute Overdose
Food Interaction
Half Life
Volume of Distribution
Clearance
Interaction With other Medicine
Contradiction
Storage

Trade Name	Diaset Tablet 25 mg
Availability	Prescription only
Generic	Miglitol
Miglitol Other Names	Miglitol, Miglitolum
Related Drugs	Farxiga, metformin, Trulicity, Lantus, Victoza, Tresiba, Levemir
Weight	25 mg
Type	Tablet
Formula	C₈H₁₇NO₅
Weight	Average: 207.2243 Monoisotopic: 207.110672659
Protein binding	The protein binding of miglitol is negligible (<4.0%).
Groups	Approved
Therapeutic Class	Alpha-Glucosidase inhibitor
Manufacturer	ACI Limited
Available Country	Bangladesh
Last Updated:	October 19, 2023 at 6:27 am

Uses

Diaset Tablet 25 mg is used for an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Diaset Tablet 25 mg is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

How Diaset Tablet 25 mg works

In contrast to sulfonylureas, miglitol does not enhance insulin secretion. The antihyperglycemic action of miglitol results from a reversible inhibition of membrane-bound intestinal a-glucoside hydrolase enzymes. Membrane-bound intestinal a-glucosidases hydrolyze oligosaccharides and disaccharides to glucose and other monosaccharides in the brush border of the small intestine. In diabetic patients, this enzyme inhibition results in delayed glucose absorption and lowering of postprandial hyperglycemia.

Dosage

Diaset Tablet 25 mg dosage

There is no fixed dosage regimen for the management ofdiabetesmellitus with Diaset Tablet 25 mg Tablets or any other pharmacologic agent. Dosage of Diaset Tablet 25 mg must be individualized on the basis of both effectiveness and tolerance while not exceeding the maximum recommended dosage of 100 mg 3 times daily. Diaset Tablet 25 mg should be taken three times daily at the start of each main meal. Diaset Tablet 25 mg should be started at 25 mg, and the dosage gradually increased both to reducegastrointestinaladverse effects and to permit identification of the minimum dose required for adequate glycemic control of the patient. During treatment initiation and dose titration one-hourpostprandialplasma glucose may be used to determine the therapeutic response to Diaset Tablet 25 mg and identify the minimumeffective dosefor the patient.

Thereafter,glycosylated hemoglobinshould be measured at intervals of approximately 3 months. The therapeutic goal should be to decrease both postprandial plasma glucose and glycosylatedhemoglobinlevels to normal or near normal by using the lowest effective dose of Diaset Tablet 25 mg, either as monotherapy or in combination with asulfonylurea.

Initial Dosage: The recommended starting dosage of Diaset Tablet 25 mg is 25 mg, given orally three times daily at the start of each main meal. However, some patients may benefit by starting at 25 mg once daily to minimize gastrointestinal adverse effects, and gradually increasing the frequency of administration to 3 times daily.

Maintenance Dosage: The usual maintenance dose of Diaset Tablet 25 mg is 50 mg taken 3 times daily, although some patients may benefit from increasing the dose to 100 mg 3 times daily. To allow adaptation to potential gastrointestinal adverse effects, it is recommended that Diaset Tablet 25 mg therapy be initiated at a dosage of 25 mg 3 times daily, then gradually titrated upward to allow adaptation. After 4 to 8 weeks of the 25 mg 3 times daily regimen, the dosage should be increased to 50 mg 3 times daily for approximately three months, following which a glycosylated hemoglobin level should be measured to assess therapeutic response. If at that time, the glycosylated hemoglobin level is not satisfactory, the dosage may be further increased to 100 mg 3 times daily, the maximum recommended dosage.

Maximum Dosage: The maximum recommended dosage of Diaset Tablet 25 mg is 100 mg 3 times daily. In one clinical trial, 200 mg 3 times daily gave additional improved glycemic control but increased the incidence of the gastrointestinal symptoms described above.

Patients Receiving Sulfonylureas: Sulfonylurea agents may causehypoglycemia. There was no increased incidence of hypoglycemia in patients who took Diaset Tablet 25 mg in combination with sulfonylurea agents compared to the incidence of hypoglycemia in patients receiving sulfonylureas alone in any clinical trial. However, Diaset Tablet 25 mg given in combination with a sulfonylurea will cause a further lowering ofblood glucoseand may increase the risk of hypoglycemia due to the additive effects of the two agents. If hypoglycemia occurs, appropriate adjustments in the dosage of these agents should be made

Should be taken with food. Take with 1st bite of each main meal.

Side Effects

Abdominal pain or discomfort, diarrhoea, flatulence, skin rash.

Toxicity

Unlike sulfonylureas or insulin, an overdose will not result in hypoglycemia. An overdose may result in transient increases in flatulence, diarrhea, and abdomi-nal discomfort. Because of the lack of extra-intestinal effects seen with miglitol, no serious systemic reactions are expected in the event of an overdose.

Precaution

Patient exposed to stress (e.g. fever, trauma, infection, surgery). Renal impairment. Pregnancy and lactation.

Interaction

Concomitant use with insulin increases the risk of hypoglycaemia. Intestinal adsorbents (e.g. charcoal) and carbohydrate-splitting digestive enzyme supplements (e.g. amylase, pancreatin) may reduce glycaemic effects. May significantly reduce the bioavailability of ranitidine and propranolol.

Food Interaction

Take with food. Take at the beginning of a meal.

[Moderate] GENERALLY AVOID: Alcohol may cause hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes.

Hypoglycemia most frequently occurs during acute consumption of alcohol.

Even modest amounts can lower blood sugar significantly, especially when the alcohol is ingested on an empty stomach or following exercise.

The mechanism involves inhibition of both gluconeogenesis as well as the counter-regulatory response to hypoglycemia.

Episodes of hypoglycemia may last for 8 to 12 hours after ethanol ingestion.

By contrast, chronic alcohol abuse can cause impaired glucose tolerance and hyperglycemia.

Moderate alcohol consumption generally does not affect blood glucose levels in patients with well controlled diabetes.

A disulfiram-like reaction (e.g., flushing, headache, and nausea) to alcohol has been reported frequently with the use of chlorpropamide and very rarely with other sulfonylureas.

MANAGEMENT: Patients with diabetes should avoid consuming alcohol if their blood glucose is not well controlled, or if they have hypertriglyceridemia, neuropathy, or pancreatitis.

Patients with well controlled diabetes should limit their alcohol intake to one drink daily for women and two drinks daily for men (1 drink = 5 oz wine, 12 oz beer, or 1.5 oz distilled spirits) in conjunction with their normal meal plan.

Alcohol should not be consumed on an empty stomach or following exercise.

Diaset Tablet 25 mg Drug Interaction

Moderate: contained in alcoholic beverages , glyburide, estradiol topical, ofloxacinUnknown: pioglitazone, ciclesonide, aspirin, teriflunomide, multivitamin, mupirocin topical, cyanocobalamin, chlorpheniramine, isotretinoin, losartan, acetaminophen / dextromethorphan / diphenhydramine, venlafaxine, fingolimod, isosorbide mononitrate, canagliflozin / metformin, metoprolol

Diaset Tablet 25 mg Disease Interaction

Major: diabetic ketoacidosis, intestinal disease, renal dysfunction

Volume of Distribution

0.18 L/kg

Elimination Route

Absorption of miglitol is saturable at high doses with 25 mg being completely absorbed while a 100-mg dose is only 50-70% absorbed. No evidence exists to show that systemic absorption of miglitol adds to its therapeutic effect.

Half Life

The elimination half-life of miglitol from plasma is approximately 2 hours.

Elimination Route

Diaset Tablet 25 mg is not metabolized in man or in any animal species studied. It is eliminated by renal excretion as an unchanged drug.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use

Category B: Either animal-reproduction studies have not demonstrated a fetal risk but there are no controlled studies in pregnant women or animal-reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect (other than a decrease in fertility) that was not confirmed in controlled studies in women in the 1st trimester (and there is no evidence of a risk in later trimesters).

Contraindication

Patient with diabetic ketoacidosis, inflammatory bowel disease, colonic ulceration, partial intestinal obstruction or predisposition to this condition, chronic intestinal diseases associated with marked disorders of digestion or absorption and co-existing conditions that may deteriorate as a result of increased intestinal gas formation.