Dirithromycin
Dirithromycin Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Dirithromycin is a macrolide glycopeptide antibiotic used to treat many different types of bacterial infections, such as bronchitis, pneumonia, tonsillitis, and even skin infections.
Dirithromycin is a pro-drug which is converted non-enzymatically during intestinal absorption into the microbiologically active moiety erythromycylamine. Erythromycylamine exerts its activity by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits of susceptible mircoorganisms resulting in inhibition of protein synthesis. Dirithromycin/erythromycylamine has been shown to be active against most strains of the following microorganisms both in vitro and in clinical infections: Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-susceptible strains only), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Legionella pneumophila, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
| Trade Name | Dirithromycin |
| Availability | Discontinued |
| Generic | Dirithromycin |
| Dirithromycin Other Names | Dirithromycin, Dirithromycine, Dirithromycinum, Diritromicina |
| Related Drugs | amoxicillin, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, cephalexin, metronidazole, azithromycin, clindamycin, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, Augmentin |
| Type | |
| Formula | C42H78N2O14 |
| Weight | Average: 835.086 Monoisotopic: 834.5453052 |
| Protein binding | 15 to 30% for erythromycylamine, the active compound. |
| Groups | Experimental |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Dirithromycin is an antibiotic used to treat a variety of respiratory, skin, and other infections.
For the treatment of the following mild-to-moderate infections caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms: acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, secondary bacterial infection of acute bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia, pharyngitis/tonsilitis, and uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections.
Dirithromycin is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis (AECB), Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (LRTI), Pharyngitis, Secondary Infection, Skin and Soft Tissue Infections, Tonsillitis, Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
How Dirithromycin works
Dirithromycin prevents bacteria from growing, by interfering with their protein synthesis. Dirithromycin binds to the 50S subunit of the 70S bacterial ribosome, and thus inhibits the translocation of peptides. Dirithromycin has over 10 times higher affinity to the subunit 50S than erythromycin. In addition, dirithromycin binds simultaneously in to two domains of 23S RNA of the ribosomal subunit 50S, where older macrolides bind only in one. Dirithromycin can also inhibit the formation of ribosomal subunits 50S and 30S.
Toxicity
The toxic symptoms following an overdose of a macrolide antibiotic may include nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, and diarrhea.
Dirithromycin Drug Interaction
Minor: penicillin g benzathine / procaine penicillin, penicillin g benzathine / procaine penicillinUnknown: anagrelide, anagrelide, mannitol, mannitol, aspirin, aspirin, azathioprine, azathioprine, iobenguane I 131, iobenguane I 131, loratadine / pseudoephedrine, loratadine / pseudoephedrine, dantrolene, dantrolene, phenytoin, phenytoin, dimercaptosuccinic acid, dimercaptosuccinic acid
Dirithromycin Disease Interaction
Elimination Route
Oral dirithromycin is rapidly absorbed, with an absolute bioavailability of approximately 10%. Dietary fat has little or no effect on the bioavailability of dirithromycin.
Half Life
The mean plasma half-life of erythromycylamine was estimated to be about 8 h (2 to 36 h), with a mean urinary terminal elimination half-life of about 44 h (16 to 65 h) in patients with normal renal function.
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