Docosahexaenoic Acid

Docosahexaenoic Acid Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

A mixture of fish oil and primrose oil, doconexent is used as a high-docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplement. DHA is a 22 carbon chain with 6 cis double bonds with anti-inflammatory effects. It can be biosythesized from alpha-linolenic acid or commercially manufactured from microalgae. It is an omega-3 fatty acid and primary structural component of the human brain, cerebral cortex, skin, and retina thus plays an important role in their development and function. The amino-phospholipid DHA is found at a high concentration across several brain subcellular fractions, including nerve terminals, microsomes, synaptic vesicles, and synaptosomal plasma membranes .

DHA in the central nervous system is found in the phospholipid bilayers where it modulates the physical environment and increase the free volume within the membrane bilayer. It influences the G-protein coupled receptor activity and affects transmembrane transport and cell interaction with the exterior world. It is also reported to promote apoptosis, neuronal differentiation and ion channel activity. Like other polyunsaturated fatty acids, DHA acts as a ligand at PPARs that plays an anti-inflammatory effect and regulate inflammatory gene expression and NFκB activation. DHA also gives rise to resolvins and related compounds (e.g., protectins) through pathways involving cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes to resolve the inflammatory responses.

Docosahexaenoic Acid
Uses
Dosage
Side Effect
Precautions
Interactions
Uses during Pregnancy
Uses during Breastfeeding
Accute Overdose
Food Interaction
Half Life
Volume of Distribution
Clearance
Interaction With other Medicine
Contradiction
Storage

Trade Name	Docosahexaenoic Acid
Generic	Doconexent
Doconexent Other Names	22:6(n-3), all-cis-DHA, cervonic acid, Doconexent, Docosahexaenoic acid
Type
Formula	C₂₂H₃₂O₂
Weight	Average: 328.4883 Monoisotopic: 328.240230268
Groups	Approved, Investigational
Therapeutic Class
Manufacturer
Available Country
Last Updated:	September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am

Uses

Docosahexaenoic Acid is an omega 3 fatty acid used in a variety of nutritional supplements to support central nervous system and cardiovascular health.

Used as a high-docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) oral supplement.

Docosahexaenoic Acid is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Fredrickson classification type IV Hyperlipidemia, Fredrickson type IIb hyperlipidemia, Type III hyperlipidaemia, Nutritional supplementation

How Docosahexaenoic Acid works

DHA and its conversion to other lipid signalling moleccules compete with the arachidonic acid cascade from endogenous phospholipids and shift the inflammatory state to being more anti-inflammatory. DHA inhibits endotoxin-stimulated production of IL-6 and IL-8 in human endothelial cells. Derivatives of DHA are anti-inflammatory lipid mediators. Lipid mediators resolvin D1 and protectin D1 all inhibit transendothelial migration of neutrophils, so preventing neutrophilic infiltration at sites of inflammation, resolvin D1 inhibits IL-1β production, and protectin D1 inhibits TNF and IL-1β production . Monoxydroxy derivative of DHA converted by LOX inhibit thromboxane-induced platelet aggregation. DHA supplementation has also shown to reduce the levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and other circulating markers of inflammation such as neutrophils in hypertriglyceridemic men . DHA acts as a ligand at peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma and alpha that regulate lipid signalling molecule-mediated transduction pathways and modulate inflammation. As a natural ligand, DHA induces a protective effect in retinal tissues by activating retinoid x receptors and subsequent ERK/MAPK signaling pathway in photoreceptors to promote their survival and differentiation, stimulating the expression of antiapoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2 and preserving mitochondrial membrane potential [A19453].

Toxicity

Oral LD50 value in rats is 7,060 mg/kg and 3,450 mg/kg in mouse. Adverse effects include anemia, cough, CNS depression, drowsiness, headache, heart damage, lassitude (weakness, exhaustion), liver damage, narcosis, reproductive effects and teratogenic effects.

Food Interaction

No interactions found.

Volume of Distribution

DHA is the most abundant n−3 fatty acid in membranes and is present in all organs. It is also the most variable among organs and is particularly abundant in neural tissue, such as brain and retina, where it is several hundred-fold more abundant than EPA .

Elimination Route

Like other omega-3 fatty acids, DHA is hydrolyzed from the intestines and delivered through the lymphatic circulation. Plasma DHA concentrations increase in a dose-dependent and saturable manner.