Dolotop

Dolotop Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

Capsicum oleoresin is an oily organic resin derived from the fruit of plants in the Capsicum genus, such as chilli peppers. When the plants are finely ground, capsicum oleoresin is formed after the extraction process of capsaicin using oragnic solvents such as ethanol. It is commonly used as a culinary spice. The intensity of biological actions and toxicological effects of capsicum oleoresin are a direct function of the amount of capsaicinoids, or capsaicin, present in the compound . Capsaicinoids comprise of a group of fat-soluble pungent chemical phenols and include Capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, nordihydrocapsaicin, homocapsaicin, and homodihydrocapsaicin . Capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin are the most pungent capsaicinoid analogues .

Capsicum oleoresin is contained in pepper sprays when suspended in water, and acts an active lachrymatory agent that induces irritation, lacrimation, pain, and temporary blindness when in contact with eyes. Due to its analgesic properties, capsicum oleoresin is used to temporarily relieve of minor aches and pains of muscles and joints as an active ingredient in topical OTC preparations and has been studied for management of different models of neuropathic pain . It is suggested that capsicum oleoresin is a rich source of phytochemicals that consist of phenolic compounds with antioxidant and antidiabetic activities .

Capsicum oleoresin is a topical analgesic and inflammatory agent. Capsaicin, an active ingredient in capsicum oleoresin, causes pain and sensitization of both peripheral and central nerves. It induces primary and secondary hyperalgesia and mimics the symptoms associated with neuropathic pain, such as allodynia, secondary hyperalgesia, referred pain area, and viscerovisceral hyperalgesia . In opposition, capsaicin also mediates analgesic actions via desensitization and withdrawal of epidermal nerve fibers . Systemic reviews of capsaicin-containing topical formulations demonstrate clinical effectiveness for pain reduction in postherpetic neuralgia, postsurgical neuropathies, and diabetic neuropathy, compared to placebo .

Piroxicam is an NSAID, belonging to the oxicam group. It reversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 (COX-1 and -2) enzymes, which results in decreased formation of prostaglandin precursors.

Piroxicam is in a class of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Piroxicam works by reducing hormones that cause inflammation and pain in the body. Piroxicam is used to reduce the pain, inflammation, and stiffness caused by rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.

Dolotop
Uses
Dosage
Side Effect
Precautions
Interactions
Uses during Pregnancy
Uses during Breastfeeding
Accute Overdose
Food Interaction
Half Life
Volume of Distribution
Clearance
Interaction With other Medicine
Contradiction
Storage

Trade Name	Dolotop
Generic	Capsicum Oleoresin + Menthol + Methyl Salcylate + Piroxicam
Type	Cream
Therapeutic Class
Manufacturer	Commonwealth Pharmaceuticals
Available Country	India
Last Updated:	September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am

Uses

Capsicum oleoresin is a medication used to treat minor aches and pains of muscles and joints.

Indicated for the temporary relief of minor aches and pains of muscles and joints associated with simple backache, arthritis, strains and sprains.

Carefully consider the potential benefits and risks of Piroxicam and other treatment options before deciding to use Piroxicam. Use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration consistent with individual patient treatment goals. Piroxicam is used for relief of the signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis, for relief of the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis.

Dolotop is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: AnalgesiaAnkylosing Spondylitis (AS), Osteoarthritis (OA), Rheumatoid Arthritis

How Dolotop works

Capsaicin is the active ingredient in capsicum oleoresin that confers the molecule its biological actions. It induces central sensitization to cause pain and depolarizes nociceptors to increases their cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration . It is a highly selective agonist and activator at the transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1 (TRPV1) receptors expressed in afferent neuronal C fibers and some Aδ fibers . The aliphatic tail of capsaicin interacts with the channel via nonspecific Van der Waals forces, while hydrogen bonds between its vanillyl “head” and amide “neck” with residues of glutamic acid E571 and T551 of the channel, respectively, confers specificity for ligand binding . Binding and local activation of these receptors lead to increased influx of calcium ions and nerve depolarization. Signal propagation to the central nervous system causes local heat, stinging, and/or itching sensations . Prolonged activation of TRPV1 receptors results in loss of receptor functionality, causing impaired local nociception for extended periods due to desensitization and inactivation of sensory neurons. It is thought that the activation of TRPV1 receptors is the main mechanism of action of capsaicin. Capsaicin also induces a local depletion of substance P, which is a neuropeptide involved in visceral pain signalling ; however this effect in the relief of pain remains controversial .

The antiinflammatory effect of Piroxicam may result from the reversible inhibition of cyclooxygenase, causing the peripheral inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. The prostaglandins are produced by an enzyme called Cox-1. Piroxicam blocks the Cox-1 enzyme, resulting into the disruption of production of prostaglandins. Piroxicam also inhibits the migration of leukocytes into sites of inflammation and prevents the formation of thromboxane A2, an aggregating agent, by the platelets.

Dosage

Dolotop dosage

Oral-

Ankylosing spondylitis, Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid arthritis:

Adult: 20 mg daily as a single dose, divided doses may be used if necessary. Treatment should be reviewed w/in 14 days of starting.
Elderly: Use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration.

Should be taken with food.

Side Effects

Oedema, CHF, HTN, syncope, tachycardia; anorexia, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhoea, dyspepsia, flatulence, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, esophagitis, gastritis, glossitis, haematemesis, melaena, stomatitis; anaemia, increased bleeding time, ecchymosis, eosinophilia, epistaxis, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia; cystitis, dysuria, haematuria, hyperkalaemia, interstitial nephritis, nephritic syndrome, oliguria/polyuria, proteinuria, renal failure; dizziness, headache, anxiety, asthenia, confusion, depression, dream abnormalities, drowsiness, insomnia, malaise, nervousness, paraesthesia, somnolence, tremors, vertigo; tinnitus, blurred vision; elevated LFT results; pruritus, rash, alopecia, bruising, desquamation, erythema, petechial rash, photosensitivity, purpura, sweating, serum sickness-like reactions; fever, infection, sepsis, wt changes, asthma, dyspnoea.

Toxicity

Acute oral LD50, acute dermal LD50 and acute inhalation LD50 in rat are >3000mg/kg, >2500 mg/kg, and >10000 mg/m^3, respectively . Capsicum oleoresin is not considered to be a carcinogen. There has been no case reports or findings from studies indicating teratogenic potential of capsaicinoid .

Capsicum oleoresin can cause serious irritation, conjunctivitis and lacrimation via contact with eyes. It induces a burning sensation and pain in case of contact with eyes and skin. As it is also irritating to the respiratory system, it causes lung irritation and coughing as well as bronchoconstriction. Other respiratory effects include laryngospasm, swelling of the larynx and lungs, chemical pneumonitis,respiratory arrest and central nervous system effects such as convulsions and excitement. In case of ingestion, gastrointestinal tract irritation may be observed along with a sensation of warmth or painful burning . Symptoms of systemic toxicity include disorientation, fear, loss of body motor control including diminished hand-eye coordination, hyperventilation, tachycardia, and pulmonary oedema . Careful early decontamination is recommended and medical intervention should be initiated for any life-threatening symptoms. In case of contact, individual must be removed from the source of exposure and the contacted skin and mucous membranes should be thoroughly washed with copious amounts of water .

Symptoms of overdose include drowsiness, nausea, stomach pain, and/or vomiting.

Precaution

Patient with known CV disease or risk factors for CV disease, fluid retention or heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, uncontrolled HTN, asthma. Elderly. Renal and hepatic impairment. Pregnancy and lactation.

Interaction

Increased risk of GI bleeding with anti-platelets and SSRIs. May exacerbate cardiac failure, reduce GFR and increase plasma glycoside levels. Increased risk of nephrotoxicity with ciclosporin and tacrolimus. Increased absorption with cimetidine. Increased risk of GI ulceration with corticosteroids. May interfere with the natriuretic action of diuretics. May displace other highly protein-bound drugs. May increase steady state plasma lithium levels. May antagonise the effect of antihypertensives. May reduce the excretion of methotrexate, leading to acute toxicity. Increased risk of convulsions with quinolones. May interfere with mifepristone-mediated termination of pregnancy.