Etafedrine
Etafedrine Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Etafedrine (INN) or ethylephedrine is a long-acting bronchodilator and has been an ingredient combined with other drugs in the brand names Nethaprin and Dalmacol . It was previously available as both the free base and as the hydrochloride salt manufactured by Sanofi-Aventis (now Sanofi) has been discontinued .
Ethylephedrine is be formed by alkylating ephedrine with ethyl iodide. The hydrochloride is be prepared by passing hydrogen chloride through a solution of ethylephedrine in diethyl ether .
This belongs to the family of medications called decongestants. It acts by narrowing blood vessels in the nasal passages, helping to relieve nasal congestion .
| Trade Name | Etafedrine |
| Generic | Etafedrine |
| Etafedrine Other Names | Etafedrine |
| Type | |
| Formula | C12H19NO |
| Weight | Average: 193.29 Monoisotopic: 193.146664236 |
| Groups | Approved |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Etafedrine is a beta-2 adrenoceptor agonist used to treat a cough associated with inflamed mucosa.
Conditions characterized by bronchial congestion and bronchospasm when an expectorant or bronchodilator action is required, such as acute bronchitis, acute episodes of chronic bronchitis and bronchial asthma , .
Etafedrine is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Asthma, Bronchospasm, Chronic Bronchitis, Bronchial congestion
How Etafedrine works
A sympathomimetic agent, etafedrine acts on the sympathetic receptors of the bronchial tree, relieving spasm in a manner similar to that of ephedrine .
Etafedrine acts as a selective β adrenoreceptor agonist, thereby mediating its bronchodilator effects without increasing norepinephrine release . This is distinctly different from ephedrine and tyramine which trigger the release of epinephrine or norepinephrine.
N-ethylation of ephedrine suppresses the indirect sympathomimetic activity and markedly enhances the efficacy on beta 2- adrenoceptors .
Toxicity
This drug is a sympathomimetic, and therefore has the following adverse effects (in parallel with ephedrine) : tremor, fear, anxiety, confusion, irritability, insomnia, and psychotic states. Paranoid psychosis, delusions, and hallucinations may also follow overdose .
The adverse effects of ephedrine and similar drugs are believed to be related to coronary artery constriction, vasospasm, shortening of cardiac refractory periods allowing re-entrant cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension-induced subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral artery vasoconstriction as well as sympathomimetic-induced platelet activation .
Food Interaction
- Take with a full glass of water.
- Take with or without food.
Volume of Distribution
Similar to ephedrine, at about 3L/kg .
Elimination Route
Similar to its parent drug, ephedrine, it is readily and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; plasma peak concentrations are reached an hour after ingestion .
A single oral dose of 24 mg produced an average peak plasma concentration of 0.10 mg/L .
Half Life
It has a plasma half-life ranging from 3 to 6 hours depending on urinary pH .
Elimination Route
Excreted mainly in the urine .
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