Genicol -eye Drops
Genicol -eye Drops Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Genicol -eye Drops sulphate actively transported across the bacterial cell membrane, binds to a specific receptor protein on the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes and interferes with an initiation complex between mRNA (messenger RNA) and the 30 S subunit, inhibiting protein synthesis. DNA may be misread, thus producing nonfunctional proteins; polyribosomes are split apart and are unable to synthesize protein.
Eye drops may be absorbed following topical application to the eye. Ear drops may be absorbed following topical application to the ear, especially if the eardrum is perforated or if tissue damage is present.
Genicol -eye Drops sulphate is active against many strains of the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Niesseria gonorrhoea, Pseudomonus aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens.
| Trade Name | Genicol -eye Drops |
| Availability | Prescription only |
| Generic | Gentamicin |
| Gentamicin Other Names | Gentamicin, Gentamicina |
| Related Drugs | amoxicillin, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, cephalexin, metronidazole, azithromycin, clindamycin, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, Augmentin |
| Weight | 3.5%w/v |
| Type | Eye Drops |
| Formula | C21H43N5O7 |
| Weight | Average: 477.5954 Monoisotopic: 477.316248755 |
| Protein binding | Studies have determined that plasma protein binding of gentamicin is between 0-30% depending on the method of testing. |
| Groups | Approved, Vet approved |
| Therapeutic Class | Ophthalmic antibacterial drugs |
| Manufacturer | Reko Pharmacal (pvt) Ltd, |
| Available Country | Pakistan |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, conjunctivitis, dacryocystitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, acute meibomianitis, and corneal ulcers caused by susceptible organisms. Otorrhea associated with external otitis, chronic suppurative otitis media or subacute purulent otitis media; or postoperative otorrhea, such as that following fenestration, mastoidectomy or tympanoplasty.
Genicol -eye Drops cream is used for the topical treatment of the primary and secondary bacterial infections of the skin caused by the organisms sensitive to Genicol -eye Drops. Genicol -eye Drops may clear infections that have not responded to other topical antibiotics.
Genicol -eye Drops is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Bacterial Conjunctivitis, Bacterial Infections, Bacterial Peritonitis, Bacterial dacryocystitis, Blepharoconjunctivitis, Central Nervous System Infections, Conjunctivitis allergic, Corneal infection, Dermatitis infected, Ecthyma, Eczematous dermatitis infected, Folliculitis, Furunculosis, Gram-negative enteric bacilli neonatal sepsis, Impetigo contagious, Inflammation, Keratitis bacterial, Keratoconjunctivitis, Meibomianitis, Meningitis, Bacterial, Ocular Inflammation, Pustular Psoriasis (PP), Pustular acne, Pyoderma Gangrenosum, Seborrheic Dermatitis, Septicemia gram-negative, Skin Infections, Skin Infections, Bacterial, Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Bacterial Infections, Sycosis barbae, Bacterial blepharitis, Bacterial corneal ulcers, Bacterial dermatoses, Complicated Bacterial Urinary Tract Infections, Complicated Respiratory tract infection bacterial, Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, Ocular bacterial infections, Severe Endocarditis enterococcal, Severe Infection Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Severe Staphylococcal infection
How Genicol -eye Drops works
There are 3 key phases of aminoglycoside entry into cells. The first “ionic binding phase” occurs when polycationic aminoglycosides bind electrostatically to negatively charged components of bacterial cell membranes including with lipopolysaccharides and phospholipids within the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and to teichoic acids and phospholipids within the cell membrane of Gram-positive bacteria. This binding results in displacement of divalent cations and increased membrane permeability, allowing for aminoglycoside entry. The second “energy-dependent phase I” of aminoglycoside entry into the cytoplasm relies on the proton-motive force and allows a limited amount of aminoglycoside access to its primary intracellular target - the bacterial 30S ribosome. This ultimately results in the mistranslation of proteins and disruption of the cytoplasmic membrane.[A233320] Finally, in the “energy-dependent phase II” stage, concentration-dependent bacterial killing is observed. Aminoglycoside rapidly accumulates in the cell due to the damaged cytoplasmic membrane, and protein mistranslation and synthesis inhibition is amplified. The necessity of oxygen-dependent active transport explains why aminoglycosides are ineffective against anaerobic bacteria. Hence, aminoglycosides have both immediate bactericidal effects through membrane disruption and delayed bactericidal effects through impaired protein synthesis; observed experimental data and mathematical modeling support this two-mechanism model. Inhibition of protein synthesis is a key component of aminoglycoside efficacy. Structural and cell biological studies suggest that aminoglycosides bind to the 16S rRNA in helix 44 (h44), near the A site of the 30S ribosomal subunit, altering interactions between h44 and h45. This binding also displaces two important residues, A1492 and A1493, from h44, mimicking normal conformational changes that occur with successful codon-anticodon pairing in the A site.[A232324, A232329] Overall, aminoglycoside binding has several negative effects including inhibition of translation, initiation, elongation, and ribosome recycling. Recent evidence suggests that the latter effect is due to a cryptic second binding site situated in h69 of the 23S rRNA of the 50S ribosomal subunit.[A232329, A232339] Also, by stabilizing a conformation that mimics correct codon-anticodon pairing, aminoglycosides promote error-prone translation.[A232344] Mistranslated proteins can incorporate into the cell membrane, inducing the damage discussed above.
Dosage
Genicol -eye Drops dosage
Eye: 1-2 drops instilled in affected eye up to 6 times a day or more frequently if required (severe infections may require 1-2 drops every 15-20 minutes initially, reducing the frequency of instillation gradually as the infection is controlled).
Ear: The area should be cleaned and 2-3 drops should be instilled every 3-4 times a day and at night, or more frequently if required.
A small amount of Genicol -eye Drops should be applied gently to the affected areas three to four times daily. The area treated may be covered with a gauze dressing if desired. Before applying the medication the affected area should be properly cleaned.
Side Effects
In patients with dermatoses treated with gentamicin, irritation (erythema and pruritus) had been reported in small number of cases. Itching, redness, swelling or other signs of irritation may develop. With the eye/ear drop bacterial and corneal ulcer have developed during treatment with gentamicin. Most frequently reported adverse reactions are ocular burning and irritation upon drug instillation, non specific conjunctivitis, conjunctival epithelial defects, and conjunctival hyperemia.
Genicol -eye Drops cream is well tolerated. There has been no evidence of irritation and sensitization after using Genicol -eye Drops cream.
Toxicity
As with other aminoglycosides, nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity are associated with gentamicin. Signs of nephrotoxicity include an increase in plasma creatinine and urea, while signs of ototoxicity include issues with balance, nausea, tinnitus, and hearing loss. It is important to note that aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity is typically reversible, while ototoxicity is more likely to be permanent. The risk of both toxicities increases with long-term gentamicin therapy. Genicol -eye Drops is considered to be more vestibulotoxic than cochleotoxic compared to other aminoglycosides. Unfortunately, gentamicin-related ototoxicity does not correlate with cumulative dosing, peak and trough levels, or dosing schedule. The unpredictability of ototoxicity supports close monitoring of the patient throughout treatment. In cases of toxicity or overdose, the medication should be discontinued immediately; hemodialysis may be initiated to lower gentamicin serum concentrations.
Precaution
If these occurs or if irritation, sensitization develops, treatment with gentamicin should be discontinued and appropriate therapy instituted. Genicol -eye Drops ear/eye drops is not for injection. It should never be injected subconjunctivally, nor it should be directly introduced into the anterior chamber of the eye.
Use of topical antibiotics occasionally cause overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms including fungi. If this occurs or if irritation, sensitisation or super infection develops, treatment with Genicol -eye Drops should be discontinued and appropriate therapy should be instituted.
Interaction
None has been reported so far with topical and Eye/Ear drops.
Food Interaction
No interactions found.Genicol -eye Drops Drug Interaction
Major: furosemide, furosemideUnknown: amoxicillin / clavulanate, amoxicillin / clavulanate, ciprofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, pregabalin, pregabalin, polyethylene glycol 3350, polyethylene glycol 3350, acetaminophen, acetaminophen, acetaminophen, acetaminophen, cyanocobalamin, cyanocobalamin, ascorbic acid, ascorbic acid, cholecalciferol, cholecalciferol
Genicol -eye Drops Disease Interaction
Major: dehydration, neuromuscular blockade, ototoxicity, renal dysfunction
Half Life
One study assessing the pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in children and adults reported a mean half-life of 75 minutes after intravenous administration. The mean half-life associated with intramuscular administration was about 29 minutes longer. Fever and anemia may result in a shorter half-life although dose adjustments are not usually necessary. Severe burns are also associated with a shorter half-life and may result in lower gentamicin serum concentrations.
Clearance
The renal clearance of gentamicin is comparable to individual creatinine clearance.
Elimination Route
Genicol -eye Drops is excreted primarily by the kidneys. In patients with normal renal function, 70% or more of an initial gentamicin dose can be recovered in the urine within 24 hours. Excretion of gentamicin is significantly reduced in patients with renal impairment.
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use
Consideration should be given the possibility of foetal ototoxicity when gentamicin is applied topically to large denuded areas of skin. For Genicol -eye Drops Eye/Ear Drops safety profile in pregnancy is not yet established and should be administered when considered essential.
Contraindication
Genicol -eye Drops is contraindicated in individuals with a history of sensitivity reaction to any of its components. Use of topical Genicol -eye Drops may occasionally allow overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms, including fungi.
Storage Condition
To avoid contamination, do not touch the tip of the container to the eye, eyelid or any surface.
Innovators Monograph
You find simplified version here Genicol -eye Drops
Genicol -eye Drops contains Gentamicin see full prescribing information from innovator Genicol -eye Drops Monograph, Genicol -eye Drops MSDS, Genicol -eye Drops FDA label
FAQ
What is Genicol -eye Drops used for?
Genicol -eye Drops is an antibiotic used to treat several types of bacterial infections. This may include bone infections, endocarditis, pelvic inflammatory disease, meningitis, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and sepsis among others.
How safe is Genicol -eye Drops?
Genicol -eye Drops is safe and has similar outcomes to alternative Gram-negative antimicrobial regimens for empirical coverage in severe CAP patients admitted to the ICU. Genicol -eye Drops can harm your kidneys, and may also cause nerve damage or hearing loss, especially if you have kidney disease or use certain other medicines. Tell your doctor about all your medical conditions and all the medicines you are using.
How does Genicol -eye Drops work?
Genicol -eye Drops works by killing bacteria or preventing their growth.
What are the common side effects of Genicol -eye Drops?
Common side effects of Genicol -eye Drops are include:
- nausea
- vomiting
- diarrhea
- decreased appetite
- pain at the injection site
- headache
- fever
- joint pain
- unusual tiredness
Is Genicol -eye Drops safe during pregnancy?
If this Genicol -eye Drops is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, the patient should be apprised of the potential harm to the fetus.
Is Genicol -eye Drops safe during breastfeeding?
Small amounts of this medicine pass into breast milk, but it is not thought to be harmful to nursing babies. New mothers, however, should avoid breastfeeding when taking this Genicol -eye Drops.
Can I drink alcohol with Genicol -eye Drops?
Using alcohol with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur.
Can I drive after taking Genicol -eye Drops?
Your vision may become slightly blurred for a short while after using the drops. If so, do not drive and do not use tools or machines until you can see clearly again.
How long does it take for Genicol -eye Drops to leave my system?
Genicol -eye Drops is not metabolized in the body but is excreted unchanged in microbiologically active form predominantly via the kidneys. In patients with normal renal function the elimination halflife is about 2 to 3 hours.
How long can I take Genicol -eye Drops?
Do not use Genicol -eye Drops in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Genicol -eye Drops is usually given for 7 to 10 days. Genicol -eye Drops is injected into a muscle, or into a vein through an IV.
Can Genicol -eye Drops be taken orally?
It is not absorbed from the gut when administered orally, and is therefore predominantly administered via intramuscular or intravenous injection.
How often can Genicol -eye Drops be given?
Apply 1 drop at least every 2 hours, reduce frequency as infection is controlled and continue for 48 hours after healing, frequency of eye drops depends on the severity of the infection and the potential for irreversible ocular damage; for less severe infection 3–4 times daily is generally sufficient.
When should be best taken of Genicol -eye Drops?
When Genicol -eye Drops is injected intravenously, it is usually infused over a period of 30 minutes to 2 hours once every 6 or 8 hours. The length of your treatment depends on the type of infection you have.
Should Genicol -eye Drops be taken with food?
In some cases, this may be harmful and your doctor may advise you to avoid certain foods. In the case of Genicol -eye Drops, there are no specific foods that you must exclude from your diet when receiving this medication.
Who should not take Genicol -eye Drops?
Genicol -eye Drops can harm your kidneys, and may also cause nerve damage or hearing loss, especially if you have kidney disease or use certain other medicines. Tell your doctor about all your medical conditions and all the medicines you are using. If you need surgery, tell the surgeon ahead of time that you are using gentamicin.
When should Genicol -eye Drops be stopped?
Genicol -eye Drops should be discontinued if the patients suffers severe diarrhoea and/or bloody diarrhoea during treatment and an appropriate treatment should be initiated. Genicol -eye Drops that inhibit peristalsis should not be administered.
How long does Genicol -eye Drops take to work?
You should start to feel better within a few days.
What should if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose of this medicine, apply it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule.
What happens if I give too much Genicol -eye Drops?
Genicol -eye Drops toxicity is known to cause any of the following: Kidney damage and renal failure. Nerve damage. Ototoxicity (damage to the ear, such as hearing loss, vertigo or ringing in the ears)
Will Genicol -eye Drops affect my fertility?
They may reduce the number of sperm a man produces, and make the sperm he does produce swim more slowly. These are some of the antibiotics that could affect sperm quantity and movement.
Can Genicol -eye Drops affects my liver?
Genicol -eye Drops has not been definitively linked to instances of clinically apparent liver injury.
Can Genicol -eye Drops affect my kidneys?
Genicol -eye Drops can harm your kidneys, and may also cause nerve damage or hearing loss, especially if you have kidney disease or use certain other medicines.
