Geomycin

Geomycin Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

Geomycin binds reversibly to the 30S and possibly 50S ribosomal subunits, thus inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis and arresting cell growth. It is active against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.

Geomycin is known as a broad-spectrum antibiotic due to its activity against such a wide range of infections. It was the second of the tetracyclines to be discovered. Geomycin, like other tetracyclines, is used to treat many infections common and rare. Its better absorption profile makes it preferable to tetracycline for moderately severe acne, but alternatives sould be sought if no improvement occurs by 3 months.

Trade Name Geomycin
Availability Discontinued
Generic Oxytetracycline
Oxytetracycline Other Names 5-Hydroxytetracycline, Embryostat, Hydroxytetracyclinum, Mepatar, Ossitetraciclina, Oxitetraciclina, Oxyterracin, Oxyterracine, Oxytetracyclin, Oxytétracycline, Oxytetracycline, Oxytetracycline amphoteric, Oxytetracyclinum
Related Drugs amoxicillin, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, cephalexin, metronidazole, azithromycin
Weight 50mg/ml, 0mg
Type Injection, Ointment
Formula C22H24N2O9
Weight Average: 460.434
Monoisotopic: 460.148180376
Groups Approved, Investigational, Vet approved
Therapeutic Class Eye Anti-Infectives & Antiseptics, Tetracycline Group of drugs, Topical antibiotics for Acne
Manufacturer Pliva Pakistan (pvt) Limited
Available Country Pakistan
Last Updated: September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am
Geomycin
Geomycin

Uses

Acne vulgaris, Gluten enteropathy or sprue, Gnathostomiasis, Gonorrhoea, Superficial ophthalmic infections, Susceptible infections, Uncomplicated gonorrhoea

Geomycin is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Localized Infection, Skin Infections, Superficial ocular infections, Susceptible bacteria

How Geomycin works

Geomycin inhibits cell growth by inhibiting translation. It binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit and prevents the amino-acyl tRNA from binding to the A site of the ribosome. The binding is reversible in nature. Geomycin is lipophilic and can easily pass through the cell membrane or passively diffuses through porin channels in the bacterial membrane.

Dosage

Geomycin dosage

Intramuscular:

Susceptible infections:

  • Adult: 250 mg once daily or 300 mg daily in 2-3 divided doses.
  • Child: >8 yr: 15-25 mg/kg (max 250 mg) daily in 2-3 divided doses.

Oral:

Susceptible infections:

  • Adult: 250-500 mg 4 times daily. Max 4 g daily.
  • Child: >8 yr: 25-50 mg/kg daily in 4 divided doses.

Acne:

  • Adult: 250-500 mg bid.

Unco-mplicated gonorrhoea:

  • Adult: 1.5 g initially, followed by 0.5 g four times daily up to a total of 9 g per treatment course.

Should be taken on an empty stomach. Take 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals.

Side Effects

Anorexia, nausea, vomiting,diarrhoea, glossitis, dysphagia, photosensitivity, oesphageal irritation and ulceration, nephrotoxicity, enterocolitis, rash (rare), blood dyscrasias. Headache, visual disturbances; intracranial hypertension; bulging fontanelles (infants).

Toxicity

Adverse effects may include stomach or bowel upsets and rarely allergic reactions. Very rarely severe headache and vision problems may be signs of dangerous intracranial hypertenion.

Precaution

Elderly, renal or hepatic impairment; myasthenia gravis; lupus erythematosus, children <12 yr.

Interaction

Antacids, iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, zinc salts reduce absorption. Concurrent use may cause increased levels of lithium, digoxin, halofantrine and theophylline; decreased concentrations of atovaquone. Increased risk of ergotism with ergot alkaloids. May cause failure of oral contraception

Food Interaction

  • Avoid milk and dairy products. Take at least 1 hour before or two hours after consuming dairy products.
  • Take separate from meals. Take at least one hour before or two hours after a meal.

[Moderate] ADJUST DOSING INTERVAL: Administration with food, particularly dairy products, significantly reduces tetracycline absorption.

The calcium content of these foods forms nonabsorbable chelates with tetracycline.

MANAGEMENT: Tetracycline should be administered one hour before or two hours after meals.

Geomycin multivitamins interaction

[Moderate] GENERALLY AVOID: The bioavailability of oral tetracyclines and iron salts may be significantly decreased during concurrent administration.

Therapeutic failure may result.

The proposed mechanism is chelation of tetracyclines by the iron cation, forming an insoluble complex that is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.

In ten healthy volunteers, simultaneous oral administration of ferrous sulfate 200 mg and single doses of various tetracyclines (200 mg to 500 mg) resulted in reductions in the serum levels of methacycline and doxycycline by 80% to 90%, oxytetracycline by 50% to 60%, and tetracycline by 40% to 50%.

In another study, 300 mg of ferrous sulfate reduced the absorption of tetracycline by 81% and that of minocycline by 77%.

Conversely, the absorption of iron has been shown to be decreased by up to 78% in healthy subjects and up to 65% in patients with iron depletion when ferrous sulfate 250 mg was administered with tetracycline 500 mg.

Available data suggest that administration of iron 3 hours before or 2 hours after a tetracycline largely prevents the interaction with most tetracyclines except doxycycline.

Due to extensive enterohepatic cycling, iron binding may occur with doxycycline even when it is given parenterally.

It has also been shown that when iron is administered up to 11 hours after doxycycline, serum concentrations of doxycycline may still be reduced by 20% to 45%.

Coadministration of a tetracycline with any iron-containing product should be avoided if possible.

Otherwise, patients should be advised to stagger the times of administration by at least three to four hours, although separating the doses may not prevent the interaction with doxycycline.

Elimination Route

Readily absorbed following oral administration.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use

Pregnancy Category D. There is positive evidence of human foetal risk, but the benefits from use in pregnant women may be acceptable despite the risk (e.g., if the drug is needed in a life-threatening situation or for a serious disease for which safer drugs cannot be used or are ineffective).

Contraindication

Hypersensitivity to tetracyclines, children <8 yr, renal damage. Pregnancy, lactation.

Special Warning

Renal Impairment-

  • Intramuscular: Dosage may need to be reduced.
  • Oral: Dosage may need to be reduced.

Innovators Monograph

You find simplified version here Geomycin

Geomycin contains Oxytetracycline see full prescribing information from innovator Geomycin Monograph, Geomycin MSDS, Geomycin FDA label

FAQ

What is Geomycin used for?

Geomycin is used to treat infections of the respiratory tract (pneumonia), urinary tract, soft tissues, and skin. It is used for infections caused by a wide spectrum of bacteria, except that resistance is common among gram-negative bacilli of enteric origin and staphylococci.

How safe is Geomycin?

Geomycin can occasionally cause allergic reactions, such as a skin rash.

How does Geomycin work?

Geomycin works by interfering with the ability of bacteria to produce essential proteins.

What are the common side effects of Geomycin?

Common side effects of Geomycin are include:


  • irritation at the injection site,
  • nausea,
  • stomach upset,
  • vomiting,
  • diarrhea,
  • sensitivity to sunlight,
  • swelling,
  • rash,

Is Geomycin safe during pregnancy?

The current evidence does not raise alarm that birth defects are caused by use of these tetracyclines in pregnancy.

Is Geomycin safe during breastfeeding?

Short-term use of Geomycin is acceptable in nursing mothers. As a theoretical precaution, avoid prolonged or repeat courses during nursing. Monitor the infant for rash and for possible effects on the gastrointestinal flora, such as diarrhea or candidiasis.

Can I drink alcohol with Geomycin?

There is no 'do not drink alcohol' warning that applies to taking Geomycin because it doesn't specifically affect the medicine itself.

When should be taken of Geomycin?

Take the tablets when your stomach is empty. This means taking your doses one hour before you eat food, or waiting until two hours after you have eaten. It is also important that you do not drink milk within two hours (either before or after) of taking Geomycin.

Is Geomycin taken on an empty stomach?

Geomycin is best taken on an empty stomach.

How often can I take Geomycin?

The usual dose is two tablets twice daily.

How long does Geomycin take to work?

Geomycin takes between 4 and 6 months to clear acne. Normally your doctor will prescribe a course of Geomycin for at least 3 months, alongside a cream to rub directly onto affected skin.

How long does Geomycin stay in my system?

Geomycin take the maximum elimination half life of 22 hours, it would take 121 hours (5.5 x 22 hours) approximately 5 days before the medicine is eliminated from your system.

How long can I take Geomycin for?

The usual recommended duration of Geomycin treatment is 12 weeks. This time is required to ensure that you have given the antibiotic a chance to fight the infection.

Can Geomycin cause liver damage?

High doses of intravenous Geomycin can induce fatty liver disease and may result in severe hepatic dysfunction, acute liver failure and death.

Is Geomycin hard on kidneys?

In renal impairment, Geomycin is anti-anabolic and can cause uremia, hyperphosphatemia, and metabolic acidosis; it may also aggravate preexisting renal failure.

Can Geomycin affects my liver?

High doses of intravenous Geomycin can induce fatty liver disease and may result in severe hepatic dysfunction, acute liver failure and death.

Who should not take Geomycin?

If you are under 12 years of age. Geomycin should not be given to children. If you have any problems with the way your liver works, or if you have any problems with the way your kidneys work.

What should I do if I miss a dose?

Take a missed dose as soon as you think about it. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your normal time. Do not take 2 doses at the same time or extra doses.

What should I do If I overdose on Geomycin?

If you think there has been an overdose, call your poison control center or get medical care right away. Be ready to tell or show what was taken, how much, and when it happened.

Can I stop taking Geomycin ?

If you are taking Geomycin for acne or rosacea, your treatment could last for several months. It is important that you keep taking the tablets until the course of treatment is finished (unless you are told to stop sooner by a doctor).

*** Taking medicines without doctor's advice can cause long-term problems.
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