Grafadrox

Grafadrox Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

Grafadrox Monohydrate (Grafadrox Monohydrate) is an acid-stable semi-synthetic oral antibiotic in the cephalosporin family of drugs. Grafadrox acts by preventing bacteria from forming protective cell wall necessary for survival. It has superior pharmacokinetic profile over all first generation cephalosporins.

Grafadrox, a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, is used to treat urinary tract infections, skin and skin structure infections, pharyngitis, and tonsillitis.

Trade Name Grafadrox
Availability Prescription only
Generic Cefadroxil
Cefadroxil Other Names Cefadroxil, Cefadroxilo, Cefadroxilum, Cephadroxil, D-Cefadroxil
Related Drugs amoxicillin, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, cephalexin, metronidazole, azithromycin, clindamycin, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, Augmentin
Weight 125mg/5ml, 250mg/5ml, 500mg
Type Suspension, Capsule
Formula C16H17N3O5S
Weight Average: 363.388
Monoisotopic: 363.088891359
Protein binding

Binding rates of cefadroxil were 28.1% by U.F. method

Groups Approved, Vet approved, Withdrawn
Therapeutic Class First generation Cephalosporins
Manufacturer Gray`s Pharmaceuticals
Available Country Pakistan
Last Updated: September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am
Grafadrox
Grafadrox

Uses

Grafadrox Monohydrate (Grafadrox Monohydrate) is used for the treatment of patients with infection caused by susceptible strains of the designated organisms in the following diseases:

*Upper respiratory tract infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococci) and Streptococcus pneumoniae.

* Urinary tract infections caused by E. coli, Proteus mirabilis, and Klebsiella species.

* Skin and soft tissue infections caused by Staphylococci (including penicillinase producing strains) and Streptococci.

Grafadrox is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Bacterial Infections, Infection and inflammatory reaction due to internal prosthetic device, implant, and graft, Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Bacterial Infections, Streptococcal Pharyngitis, Streptococcal tonsillitis, Urinary Tract Infection

How Grafadrox works

Like all beta-lactam antibiotics, cefadroxil binds to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, causing the inhibition of the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins; it is possible that cefadroxil interferes with an autolysin inhibitor.

Dosage

Grafadrox dosage

The bioavailability and consequent chemotherapeutic effects of Grafadrox are unaffected by foods. It may, therefore, be taken with meals or on an empty stomach. Administration with food may be helpful in diminishing potential gastrointestinal complaints occasionally associated with oral cephalosporin therapy.IndicationAdult (dose)Children (Dose)

Upper respiratory tract Infections

1 gm per day in single (q.d.) or divided doses (b.i.d.) for 10 days 12 hourly

30 mg/kg/day in a single or in equally divided doses every 12 hours

Urinary Tract Infections

1 or 2 gm per day in single (q.d.) or divided doses (b.i.d.)

30 mg/kg/day in equally divided doses every 12 hours

For all other UTIs

2 gm per day in divided doses (b.i.d)

30 mg/kg/day in equally divided doses every 12 hours

Skin & soft tissue Infections

1 gm per day in single (q.d.) or divided doses (b.i.d.)

30 mg/kg/day in equally divided doses every 12 hours

Prophylaxis against bacterial endocarditis

2 gm 1 hour prior to the procedure

50 mg/kg 1 hour prior to the procedure

Direction for Reconstitution of suspension

For 100 ml suspension and 100 ml DS suspension: Add 65 ml (13 measuring spoonful) of boiled and cooled water to the dry mixture in the bottle. For ease of preparation add water to the bottle in two portions. Shake well after each addition until all the powder is in suspension.

For 60 ml suspension: Add 40 ml (8 measuring spoonful) of boiled and cooled water to the dry mixture in the bottle. For ease of preparation add water to the bottle in two portions. Shake well after each addition until all the powder is in suspension.

Paediatric Drops: Add 10 ml (2 measuring spoonful) to the bottle and shake vigorously.

Note: Shake both oral suspension and paediatric drops well before each use. Keep the bottle tightly closed. The reconstituted suspension should be stored in a cool and dry place, preferably in refrigerator and unused portion should be discarded after 14 days.

Side Effects

Generally cefadroxil is well tolerated. However, the most commonly reported side effects are gastrointestinal disturbances and hypersensitivity phenomena. Side effects including nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, dyspepsia, abdominal discomfort, fever, dizziness, headache, arthralgia may also occur.

Toxicity

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, allergic rashes may occur

Precaution

History of hypersensitivity to penicillins or any other β-lactam drugs. History of GI disease (particularly colitis), severe allergies or asthma. Renal impairment. Pregnancy and lactation.

Interaction

There is no known clinically important drug interactions with Grafadrox.

Food Interaction

  • Take with or without food. Administration with food may be helpful in diminishing potential gastrointestinal complaints occasionally associated with oral cephalosporin therapy.

Elimination Route

Grafadrox is well absorbed on oral administration; food does not interfere with its absorption.

Half Life

1.5 hours

Elimination Route

Over 90% of the drug is excreted unchanged in the urine within 24 hours. Grafadrox was detected in the placenta and breast milk.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use

Grafadrox (Grafadrox Monohydrate) is widely used as a first-line oral antibiotic for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in pregnant women.

Contraindication

Grafadrox is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients.

Acute Overdose

If amounts >250 mg/kg is ingested, gastric lavage or simulation of vomiting is appropriate.

Storage Condition

Store between 20-25°C. Reconstituted powder for suspension: Store between 2-8°C.

Innovators Monograph

You find simplified version here Grafadrox

Grafadrox contains Cefadroxil see full prescribing information from innovator Grafadrox Monograph, Grafadrox MSDS, Grafadrox FDA label

FAQ

What is Grafadrox used for?

Grafadrox is used to treat certain infections caused by bacteria such as infections of the skin, throat, tonsils, and urinary tract. Grafadrox is used to treat bacterial infections in many different parts of the body. Grafadrox is a broad-spectrum antibiotic of the cephalosporin type, effective in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial infections.

How safe is Grafadrox?

Grafadrox may rarely cause a severe intestinal condition due to a type of resistant bacteria. This condition may occur during treatment or weeks to months after treatment has stopped.

How does Grafadrox work?

Grafadrox works by killing bacteria.

What are the common side effects of Grafadrox?

Common side effects of Grafadrox are include:

  • indigestion.
  • nausea.
  • vomiting.
  • diarrhea.
  • intense abdominal pain.

Is Grafadrox safe during pregnancy ?

Animal reproductive studies have not indicated a risk of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus. There are no adequate, controlled studies during human pregnancy.

Is Grafadrox safe during breastfeeding?

Grafadrox is acceptable in nursing mothers.

Can I drink alcohol with Grafadrox?

Avoid alcohol while you take Grafadrox may be a good idea. Alcohol may decrease your body's ability to fight your UTI. It's important to talk to your doctor, who knows your medical history.

Can I take Grafadrox on an empty stomach?

You may take Grafadrox with or without food. Take with food if Grafadrox upsets your stomach.

When should be taken of Grafadrox?

Grafadrox is usually taken with or without food every 12 or 24 hours . Take Grafadrox at around the same times every day.

How long does Grafadrox take to work?

Peak concentrations of Grafadrox are reached one hour after dosing; however, it may take up to 48 hours before infection-related symptoms start to abate.

What is the half life of Grafadrox ?

Grafadrox is eliminated far more slowly than comparable oral cephalosporins so that intervals between doses can be prolonged to 12-24 hours. Roughly 90% of the substance is eliminated in unchanged form through the kidneys within 24 hours.

How long should I take Grafadrox?

For throat and tonsil infections, take Grafadrox for a total of 10 days. If you have a urinary tract or skin infection, your provider will determine the right amount of time for you to take this antibiotic.

Who should not take Grafadrox?

You should not take Grafadrox if you are allergic to Grafadrox or other cephalosporin antibiotic. Tell your doctor if you have ever had an allergy to any drug (especially penicillin); intestinal problems, such as colitis.

Can Grafadrox cause anxiety?

Grafadrox can causes anxiety also with other common side effects.

Does Grafadrox cause hair loss?

Grafadrox and Erythromycin are known to cause hair loss.

What happens if I miss a dose of Grafadrox?

Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time.

What should I avoid while taking Grafadrox?

Grafadrox can cause diarrhea, which may be a sign of a new infection. If you have diarrhea that is watery or bloody, call your doctor before using anti-diarrhea medicine.

What happen If I just stop taking Grafadrox?

If you stop taking Grafadrox too soon or skip doses, your infection may not be completely treated and the bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.

What happens if I overdose?

Seek emergency medical attention.

Can Grafadrox affects my liver?

Grafadrox may cause a life-threatening side effect, such as pancytopenia and acute liver injury.

*** Taking medicines without doctor's advice can cause long-term problems.
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