Hydroquinone with Sunscreens
Hydroquinone with Sunscreens Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Dioxybenzone, or benzophenone-8, is an organic compound derived from Benzophenone that is used as a sunscreen agent. It absorbed UV-B and UV-AII rays. Dioxybenzone is an approved sunscreen ingredient in concentrations up to 3% .
Dioxybenzone is a sunscreen agent and chemical UV filter that absorbs UV-B rays and UV-AII rays to limit their penetration into human skin. In a screening protocol consisting of the in vitro EBV-EA activation assay followed by the in vivo confirmation test in the two-stage mouse skin cancer model utilizing NOR-1 as inducer and TPA as promoter of tumour, dioxybenzone exhibited a significant chemopreventive activity against mouse skin carcinogenesis which correlated with their antioxidant potency . There is some evidence that suggests some benzophenones and their hydroxylated metabolites act as weak estrogens in the environment; however similar effect of dioxybenzone has not been established .
Hydroquinone is a topical depigmentating agent that produces a reversible depigmentation of the skin by inhibiting enzymatic oxidation of tyrosine to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine and suppressing melanocyte metabolic processes.
Oxybenzone is an organic compound used in sunscreens. It is a derivative of benzophenone. It forms colorless crystals that are readily soluble in most organic solvents. It is used as an ingredient in sunscreen and other cosmetics because it absorbs UV-A ultraviolet rays.
Oxybenzone is an organic compound used in sunscreens. It is a derivative of benzophenone.
Padimate O is an active sunscreen agent in cosmetics and over-the-counter sunscreen drug products in concentrations up to 8%, as regulated by the FDA . It is a structurally-related compound to Aminobenzoic acid that absorbs UV-B rays to prevent photodamage. It penetrates human skin, and is shown to induce non-ligatable strand breaks on DNA in vitro and mutagenic effects on yeast in vivo .
Padimate O absorbs UV-B rays, which can in turn induce DNA damage in human keratinocytes. While treatment of padimate O suppresses the formation of UV-endonuclease-sensitive sites, there is also an increase in direct strand breaks of DNA in cells .
| Trade Name | Hydroquinone with Sunscreens |
| Generic | Hydroquinone + dioxybenzone + oxybenzone + padimate o |
| Type | Cream, Gel |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | United States |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Dioxybenzone is a benzophenone derivative used in sunscreens to block UVB and short-wave UVA radiation.
Indicated for use as an active sunscreen agent.
Hydroquinone is used -
- For the gradual bleaching of hyperpigmented skin conditions such as chloasma, melasma, freckles, senile lentigines and other unwanted areas of melanin hyperpigmentation.
- To reduce hyperpigmentation caused by photosensitization associated with inflammation or with the use of certain cosmetics.
Oxybenzone is a sunscreen agent found in sunscreens that absorbs UV rays.
Used as an ingredient in sunscreen and other cosmetics.
Padimate O is an ingredient used in sunscreens to absorb UV radiation.
Indicated as an active UV-B filter to prevent photodamage.
Hydroquinone with Sunscreens is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: SunburnAcne Vulgaris, Melasma, Skin hyperpigmentation, Moderate Melasma, Severe MelasmaSunburn
How Hydroquinone with Sunscreens works
Emitted by the sun, UVA-II rays, which range at 320–400 nm and are not absorbed by the ozone layer, and UVB rays, which range 290–320 nm and are partially absorbed by the ozone layer and exert a damaging effect on human skin, including basal cell carcinoma and melanoma . As a chemical filter, dioxybenzone absorb these rays to prevent their penetration into the skin and attenuate long-term skin damage caused by UV radiation from the sun. In a rat uterine cytosolic estrogen receptor (ER) competitive binding assay, dioxybenzone was not found to be a ER-binder .
Hydroquinone reduces melanin pigment production through inhibition of the tyrosinase enzyme, which is involved in the initial step of the melanin pigment biosynthesis pathway. Hydroquinone takes several months to take effect.
Oxybenzone absorbs UV-A ultraviolet rays, preventing them from reaching the skin.
It is proposed that simultaneous contact of padimate O with keratinocytes can stimulate the diffusion through human epidermis. Upon photoexcitation, padimate O generates singlet oxygen and forms carbon-centred free radicals. While padimate O attenuates simple and repairable, UV-induced cellular damage, it may also increase complex chemical damage that is more difficult to repair by normal cells .
Dosage
Hydroquinone with Sunscreens dosage
Apply a thin film of Hydroquinone Cream to the effected area once daily, at least 30 minutes before bedtime. Gently wash the face and neck with a mild cleanser. Rinse and pat the skin dry. Apply Hydroquinone Cream to the hyperpigmented areas of melasma including about ½ inch of normal appearing skin surrounding eachlesion. Rub lightly and uniformly into the skin.
Therapy should be discontinued when control is achieved. During the day, use asunscreenof SPF 30, and wear protective clothing. Avoid sunlight exposure. Patients may use moisturizers and/or cosmetics during the day. Hydroquinone Cream is for topical use only. It is not for oral,ophthalmic, or intravaginal use.
Side Effects
No systemic adverse reactions have been reported. Occasional hypersensitivity (localized contact dermatitis) may occur in which case the medication should be discontinued.
Toxicity
No toxicokinetic data available.
Padimate O causes DNA strand breaks of cells under the epidermis in vitro . No LD50 value reported.
Precaution
Hydroquinone is a skin bleaching agent which may produce unwanted cosmetic effects if not used as directed. The physician should be familiar with the contents of this insert before prescribing or dispensing this medication.
Test for skin sensitivity before using by applying a small amount to an unbroken patch of skin to check in 24 hours. Minor redness is not a contraindication, but where there is itching or vesicle formation or excessive inflammatory response, further treatment is not advised. If no bleaching or lightening effect is noted after 2 months of treatment, the medication should be discontinued.
Contact with the eyes and lips should be avoided. Hydroquinone should not be applied to cut or abraded skin.
Volume of Distribution
No pharmacokinetic data available.
No pharmacokinetic data available.
Elimination Route
Dioxybenzone is a derivative of benzophenone. In monkeys, percutaneous absorption of benzophenone was observed . Other derivatives of benzophenone are capable of crossing the skin via direct penetration through the intercellular laminae of the stratum corneum (SC) or by passive diffusion by high-concentration gradient into the systemic circulation, where they are transported to different tissues including liver and brain .
Padimate O is capable of human skin penetration .
Half Life
No pharmacokinetic data available.
No pharmacokinetic data available.
Clearance
No pharmacokinetic data available.
No pharmacokinetic data available.
Elimination Route
No pharmacokinetic data available.
In vivo studies show oxybenzone is abosorbed transdermally (through the skin) and is excreted in the urine.
No pharmacokinetic data available.
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use
Pregnancy Category C. Either studies in animals have revealed adverse effects on the foetus (teratogenic or embryocidal or other) and there are no controlled studies in women or studies in women and animals are not available. Drugs should be given only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the foetus.
Lactation: It is not known whether topical hydroquinone is absorbed or excreted in human milk. Caution is advised when topical hydroquinone is used by a nursing mother.
Contraindication
Hydroquinone is contraindicated to patients with prior history of hypersensitivity or allergic reaction to hydroquinone or other ingredients in the preparation.
Acute Overdose
There have been no systemic reactions from the use of topical hydroquinone. Some patients may experience a transient reddening of skin and mild burning sensation which does not preclude treatment.
Storage Condition
Store between 20-25° C. Protect from light.
Innovators Monograph
You find simplified version here Hydroquinone with Sunscreens
