Hypoxanthosine
Hypoxanthosine Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
A purine nucleoside that has hypoxanthine linked by the N9 nitrogen to the C1 carbon of ribose. It is an intermediate in the degradation of purines and purine nucleosides to uric acid and in pathways of purine salvage. It also occurs in the anticodon of certain transfer RNA molecules. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Hypoxanthosine may have neuroprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities.
| Trade Name | Hypoxanthosine |
| Generic | Inosine |
| Inosine Other Names | beta-Inosine, hypoxanthine D-riboside, Hypoxanthosine, Inosin, Inosina, Inosine, Inosinum |
| Type | |
| Formula | C10H12N4O5 |
| Weight | Average: 268.2261 Monoisotopic: 268.080769514 |
| Groups | Experimental, Investigational |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Hypoxanthosine is a nutritional supplement touted to improve athletic performance and a drug used in vitro as a red blood cell rejuvenator for a unit of red blood cells that will be used in a clinical setting.
The primary popular claim made for inosine, that it enhances exercise and athletic performance, is refuted by the available research data. There is some preliminary evidence that inosine may have some neurorestorative, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and cardioprotective effects.
Hypoxanthosine is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Rejuvenation of a unit of RBC
How Hypoxanthosine works
Hypoxanthosine has been found to have potent axon-promoting effects in vivo following unilateral transection of the corticospinal tract of rats. The mechanism of this action is unclear. Possibilities include serving as an agonist of a nerve growth factor-activated protein kinase (N-Kinase), conversion to cyclic nucleotides that enable advancing nerve endings to overcome the inhibitory effects of myelin, stimulation of differentiation in rat sympathetic neurons, augmentation of nerve growth factor-induced neuritogenesis and promotion of the survival of astrocytes, among others. The mechanism of inosine's possible cardioprotective effect is similarly unclear. Hypoxanthosine has been reported to have a positive inotropic effect and also to have mild coronary vasodilation activity. Exogenous inosine may contribute to the high-energy phosphate pool of cardiac muscle cells and favorably affect bioenergetics generally. Hypoxanthosine has also been reported to enhance the myocardial uptake of carbohydrates relative to free fatty acids as well as glycolysis. In cell culture studies, inosine has been found to inhibit the production, in immunostimulated macrophages and spleen cells, of the proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1, interleukin (IL)-12, macrophage-inflammatory protein-1 alpha and interferon (IFN)-gamma. It also suppressed proinflammatory cytokine production and mortality in a mouse endotoxemic model. These actions might account for the possible immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-ischemic actions of inosine.
Elimination Route
Ingested inosine is absorbed from the small intestine.
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