Immolyte C Vet

Uses

This is used for irrigating fluid of choice in:

• Transurethral resection of prostate.
• Endoscopic procedures within the urinary tract.
• Urinary bladder surgery etc.

Mecobalamin is used for-

• Peripheral Neuropathies
• Diabetic Neuropathy
• Verteberal Syndrome
• Nerve Compression Syndrome
• Multiple sclerosis
• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
• Parkinson’s disease
• Alzheimer’s disease
• Diabetic retinopathy
• Entrapment neuropathy
• Drug induced neuropathy
• Megaloblastic anemia due to Vitamin B12 deficiency

Selenium is an ingredient found in a variety of supplements and vitamins.

For the supplementation of total parenteral nutrition to prevent hyposelenemia .

Immolyte C Vet is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Coronary vascular graft occlusion, Deep Vein Thrombosis, Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, Transient Ischemic Attack, Vascular Occlusion, Bladder distension, Bladder irrigation therapy, Irrigation therapy, Recovery, Amino acid supplementationVitamin B12 Deficiency, Nutritional supplementationNutritional supplementation

How Immolyte C Vet works

In the CNS, there exist strychnine-sensitive glycine binding sites as well as strychnine-insensitive glycine binding sites. The strychnine-insensitive glycine-binding site is located on the NMDA receptor complex. The strychnine-sensitive glycine receptor complex is comprised of a chloride channel and is a member of the ligand-gated ion channel superfamily. The putative antispastic activity of supplemental glycine could be mediated by glycine's binding to strychnine-sensitive binding sites in the spinal cord. This would result in increased chloride conductance and consequent enhancement of inhibitory neurotransmission. The ability of glycine to potentiate NMDA receptor-mediated neurotransmission raised the possibility of its use in the management of neuroleptic-resistant negative symptoms in schizophrenia.
Animal studies indicate that supplemental glycine protects against endotoxin-induced lethality, hypoxia-reperfusion injury after liver transplantation, and D-galactosamine-mediated liver injury. Neutrophils are thought to participate in these pathologic processes via invasion of tissue and releasing such reactive oxygen species as superoxide. In vitro studies have shown that neutrophils contain a glycine-gated chloride channel that can attenuate increases in intracellular calcium and diminsh neutrophil oxidant production. This research is ealy-stage, but suggests that supplementary glycine may turn out to be useful in processes where neutrophil infiltration contributes to toxicity, such as ARDS.

Selenium is first metabolized to selenophosphate and selenocysteine. Selenium incorporation is genetically encoded through the RNA sequence UGA . This sequence is recognized by RNA ste loop structures called selenocysteine inserting sequences (SECIS). These structures require the binding of SECIS binding proteins (SBP-2) to recognize selenocystiene. The specialized tRNA is first bound to a serine residue which is then enzymatically processed to a selylcysteyl-tRNA by selenocystiene sythase using selenophosphate as a selenium donor. Other unidentified proteins are required as part of the binding of this tRNA to the ribosome. Selenoproteins appear to be necessary for life as mice with the specialized tRNA gene knocked out exhibited early embryonic lethality .

The most important selenoproteins seem to be the glutathione peroxidases and thioredoxin reductases which are part of the body's defenses againts reactive oxygen species (ROS) . The importance of selenium in these anti-oxidant proteins has been implicated in the reduction of atherosclerosis by preventing the oxidation of low density lipoprotein . Selenium supplementation is also being investigated in the prevention of cancer and has been suggested to be beneficial to immune function .

Dosage

Immolyte C Vet dosage

The total volume of solution used for irrigation depends on the judgment of the attending surgeon. Height from the operating table of 60 cm (approx. 2ft) is likely to cause increased intravascular absorption of glycine.

Tablet: The usual adult dosage is one 500 mcg tablet three times daily. The dosage should be adjusted according to the age of patient and the severity of symptoms.

Injection:

• Peripheral neuropathies: The usual adult dosage is one ampoule equivalent to 500 mcg of Mecobalamin, administered intramuscularly or intravenously three times a week.The dosage should be adjusted according to the age of patient and the severity of symptoms.
• Megaloblastic anemia: The usual adult dosage is one ampoule equivalent to 500 mcg of Mecobalamin, administered intramuscularly or intravenously three times a week. After about two months of administration, dosage should be changed to one ampoule equivalent to 500 mcg of Mecobalamin every one to three months as maintenance therapy

• Check infusion set and infusion solution prior to use
• Pull moderately to tear off the protective cover of the Eurohead
• Hold lightly the Eurohead but not the bag
• Open the flow regulator fully and hold the giving set on the top white area, but not the membrane venting region
• Insert the spike of the administration set to the Eurohead and fit the connector of the administration set firmly to the needle
• Gradually allow the fluid to flow down to the needle tip and close
• Remove the protective cover of the needle
• Locate the veinpuncture site and clean the site with an antiseptic solution, and then insert the needle
• Securely tape the puncture site
• Securely tape the wings and tubing
• Start infusion while adjusting drip speed

Side Effects

Large intravenous doses of glycine are known to cause nausea and salivation. Other consequences of systemic absorption of glycine include electrolyte loss, diuresis, edaema, thirst, dehydration, cardiovascular and pulmonary disorders.

Generally Mecobalamin is well tolerated. However, a few side effects like GI discomfort (including anorexia, nausea or diarrhea) & rash may be seen after administration of Mecobalamin.

Toxicity

ORL-RAT LD₅₀ 7930 mg/kg, SCU-RAT LD₅₀ 5200 mg/kg, IVN-RAT LD₅₀ 2600 mg/kg, ORL-MUS LD₅₀ 4920 mg/kg; Doses of 1 gram daily are very well tolerated. Mild gastrointestinal symptoms are infrequently noted. In one study doses of 90 grams daily were also well tole.

Oral LD50 of 6700mg/kg in rats . Selenium exposure is teratogenic and can result in fetal death as tested in mice. Chronic toxicity is characterized by hair loss, white horizontal streaking on fingernails, paronchyia, fatigue, irritability, hyperreflexia, nausea, vomiting, garlic odor on breath, and metallic taste . Serum selenium correlates weakly with symtoms. Blood chemistry as well as liver and kidney function are normally unnaffected. Acute toxicity presents as stupor, respiratory depression, and hypotension. ST elevations and t-wave changes characteristic of myocardial infarction may be observed.

Precaution

Precautions: Patients with cardiovascular disease should be evaluated after transurethral resection of prostate using glycine. Care should be exercised if the liver or kidney is impaired.

Warning: Aseptic technique is essential while using glycine. Unused portion should be discarded. Do not use if the bottle is leaking, solution is cloudy, contains particles or after expiry date.

The medicine should not be used for months if there is no response at all after its use for a certain period of time.

Interaction

Additives may be incompatible. When introducing additives, use aseptic technique, mix thoroughly and do not store.

Decreased GI tract absorption with neomycin, aminosalicylic acid, H2-blockers and colchicine. Reduced serum concentrations with oral contraceptives. Reduced effects in anaemia with parenteral chloramphenicol.

Elimination Route

Absorbed from the small intestine via an active transport mechanism.

Oral bioavailability of 90% when given as L-selenomethionine . Tmax of 9.17h.

Half Life

Half life was observed to increase with chronic dosing time . For day 1-2 half life was 1.7 days. For day 2-3 half life was 3 days. For day 3-14 half life was 11.1 days.

Elimination Route

Mainly excreted in urine as 1beta-methylseleno-N-acetyl-d-galactosamine and trimethylselenonium . The amount excreted as 1beta-methylseleno-N-acetyl-d-galactosamine plateaus at doses around 2microg after which the amount excreted as trimethylselenonium increases. Some selenium is also excreted in feces when given orally .

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use

Not recommended during pregnancy & lactation.

Contraindication

Glycine Irrigation Solution is not for injection in any route. It is contraindicated in patients with anuria.

Hypersensitivity to any component of this product.

Special Warning

Use in children: Not recommended.

Storage Condition

Store at controlled room temperature, protect from light and heat

Oral: Store at room temperature. Protect from moisture and light.

Parenteral: Store at room temperature. Do not expose to direct light.

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