Inoshine

Inoshine Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

Inoshine is a collection of nine different stereoisomers but the name is usually used to describe only the most common type of inositol, myo-inositol. Myo-inositol is the cis-1,2,3,5-trans-4,6-cyclohexanehexol and it is prepared from an aqueous extract of corn kernels by precipitation and hydrolysis of crude phytate. These molecules have structural similarities to glucose and are involved in cellular signaling. It is considered a pseudovitamin as it is a molecule that does not qualify to be an essential vitamin because even though its presence is vital in the body, a deficiency in this molecule does not translate into disease conditions. Inoshine can be found as an ingredient of OTC products by Health Canada but all current product whose main ingredient is inositol are discontinued. By the FDA, inositol is considered in the list of specific substances affirmed as generally recognized as safe (GRAS).

Inoshine can stimulate glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells which allows the decrease in blood sugar levels. This effect is later seen as a reduction in urine glucose concentration and indicates a decrease in high blood sugar levels.

In PCOS, the administration of inositol has produced the remission of symptoms as well as a reduction in male hormone secretion, a regulation of the cholesterol level, and a more efficient fat breakdown which allow to a significant reduction on body mass and appetite.

Trade Name Inoshine
Availability Rx and/or OTC
Generic Inositol
Inositol Other Names Inositol, L-myo-Inositol, Meat sugar, meso-Inositol, myo-inositol
Related Drugs acetylcysteine, biotin, Vitamin C, ascorbic acid, multivitamin, Zinc
Type Tablet
Formula C6H12O6
Weight Average: 180.1559
Monoisotopic: 180.063388116
Protein binding

It is thought that inositol can be found bound to plasma proteins.

Groups Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn
Therapeutic Class
Manufacturer Rhine Biogenics Pvt Ltd
Available Country India
Last Updated: September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am
Inoshine
Inoshine

Uses

Inoshine is an ingredient found in a variety of nutritional products.

Inoshine may be used in food without any limitation. As a drug, inositol is used as a nutrient supplement in special dietary foods and infant formula. As it presents a relevant role in ensuring oocyte fertility, inositol has been studied for its use in the management of polycystic ovaries. Inoshine is also being researched for the treatment of diabetes, prevention of metabolic syndrome, aid agent for weight loss, treatment of depression, psychiatric disorder and anxiety disorder and for prevention of cancer.

How Inoshine works

The mechanism of action of inositol in brain disorders is not fully understood but it is thought that it may be involved in neurotransmitter synthesis and it is a precursor to the phosphatidylinositol cycle. The change that occurs in the cycle simulates when the postsynaptic receptor is activated but without activating the receptor. This activity provokes a fake activation which regulated the activity of monoamines and other neurotransmitters.

Reports have shown that insulin resistance plays a key role in the clinical development of PCOS. The presence of hyperinsulinemia can induce an excess in androgen production by stimulating ovaries to produce androgens and by reducing the sex hormone binding globulin serum levels. One of the mechanisms of insulin deficiency is thought to be related to a deficiency in inositol in the inositolphosphoglycans. The administration of inositol allows it to act as a direct messenger of the insulin signaling and improves glucose tissue uptake. This mechanism is extrapolated to its functions in diabetes treatment, metabolic syndrome, and weight loss.

In cancer, the mechanism of action of inositol is not fully understood. It is hypothesized that the administration of inositol increases the level of lower-phosphate inositol phosphates why can affect cycle regulation, growth, and differentiation of malignant cells. On the other hand, the formation of inositol hexaphosphate after administration of inositol presents antioxidant characteristics by the chelation of ferric ions and suppression of hydroxyl radicals.

Toxicity

Consumption of high doses of inositol is reported to only cause some gastrointestinal effects.

Food Interaction

No interactions found.

Volume of Distribution

The pharmacokinetic profile of inositol was studied in preterm infants and the estimated volume of distribution was reported to be 0.5115 L/kg.

Elimination Route

Inoshine is absorbed from the small intestine. In patients with inositol deficiency, the maximal plasma concentration after oral administration of inositol is registered to be of 4 hours. Inoshine is taken up by the tissues via sodium-dependent inositol co-transporter which also mediates glucose uptake. Oral ingestion of inositol is registered to generate a maximal plasma concentration of 36-45 mcg.

Half Life

The pharmacokinetic profile of inositol was studied in preterm infants and the estimated elimination half-life was reported to be of 5.22 hours.

Clearance

The pharmacokinetic profile of inositol was studied in preterm infants and the estimated clearance rate was reported to be 0.0679 L.kg/h.

Elimination Route

Most of the administered dose is excreted in urine.

Innovators Monograph

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