Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine

Uses

Acute nonspecific gastroenteritis, Anxiety, Biliary dyskinesia, Chronic cholelithiasis, Duodenitis, Functional diarrhea, Gastritis, Gastrointestinal disorders, Gastrointestinal tract spasm, Genitourinary spasm, Hyperchlorhydria, Irritable or spastic colon, Peptic ulcer disease, Pylorospasm, Tension

Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Common Cold, Fever, Flu caused by Influenza, Nasal Congestion, Pain, Upper Airway, Irritation Inflammation, Discomfort, Acute Rhinitis, Gastrointestinal spasms, Upper respiratory infection/cold/flu, AnalgesiaAgitation, Psychosis, Schizophrenia, Acute non-psychotic Anxiety

How Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine works

Anticholinergics are a class of medications that inhibit parasympathetic nerve impulses by selectively blocking the binding of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine to its receptor in nerve cells. The nerve fibers of the parasympathetic system are responsible for the involuntary movements of smooth muscles present in the gastrointestinal tract. Inhibition here decreases acidity and motility, aiding in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.

Trifluoperazine blocks postsynaptic mesolimbic dopaminergic D1 and D2 receptors in the brain; depresses the release of hypothalamic and hypophyseal hormones and is believed to depress the reticular activating system thus affecting basal metabolism, body temperature, wakefulness, vasomotor tone, and emesis.

Dosage

Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine dosage

Psychoses: 2-5 mg twice daily, up to 15-20 mg/day.

Severe or resistant: 40 mg/day.

Nausea and vomiting; Short-term management of anxiety: 1-2 mg twice daily. Max: 6 mg/day.

For anxiety: Max duration: 12 wk.

Side Effects

Drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision, dizziness, sedation, antimuscarinic affects, postural hypotension, akathisia, muscle weakness, anorexia, insomnia, rash, amenorrhoea, fatigue, increased prolactin levels, extrapyramidal side effects.

Toxicity

Symptoms of overdose include dryness of mouth, dysphagia, thirst, blurred vision, dilated pupils, photophobia, fever, rapid pulse and respiration, disorientation. Depression and circulatory collapse may result from severe overdosage.

Symptoms of overdose include agitation, coma, convulsions, difficulty breathing, difficulty swallowing, dry mouth, extreme sleepiness, fever, intestinal blockage, irregular heart rate, low blood pressure, and restlessness.

Precaution

Cardiovascular disease, epilepsy, angle-closure glaucoma, exposure to extreme temperatures, elderly, parkinson's disease, myasthenia gravis, benign prostatic hyperplasia, DM, renal amd hepatic impairment. Discontinue trifluoperazine at least 48 hr before myelography and do not resume for at least 24 hr after procedure. Do not use trifluoperazine in control of nausea and vomiting occurring either prior to myelography or postprocedure with metrizamide. Pregnancy.

Interaction

Increased CNS depression with CNS depressants such as opiates or other analgesics, barbiturates or other sedatives, general anaesthetics, or alcohol. Increased risk of side effects with drugs with antimuscarinic properties e.g. TCA, antiparkinsonian drugs. Antagonised effects of dopaminergic drugs such as levodopa. Increased risk of hypotension with antihypertensives, trazodone. Reverses antihypertensive effect of guanethidine. Increased risk of severe extrapyramidal side-effects or severe neurotoxicity with lithium. Possible decrease in absorption with antacids.

Half Life

10-20 hours

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use

Pregnancy Category-C. Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks

Contraindication

Preexisting CNS depression and coma; bone marrow depression, blood dyscrasias, liver disease, hypersensitivity to phenothiazines, prolactin dependent tumours. Pregnancy (1st trimester), lactation.

Acute Overdose

Signs and symptoms will be predominantly extrapyramidal; hypotension may occur. Treatment consists of gastric lavage together with supportive and symptomatic measures. Do not induce vomiting. Extra pyramidal symptoms may be treated with an anticholinergic, antiparkinsonism drug. Treat hypotension with fluid replacement; if severe or persistent. nor adrenaline may be considered. Adrenaline is contraindicated.

Storage Condition

It should be store at room temperature between 15-30° C away from light and moisture.

Innovators Monograph

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