Kanamycin A
Kanamycin A Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
| Trade Name | Kanamycin A |
| Availability | Discontinued |
| Generic | Kanamycin |
| Kanamycin Other Names | Kanamycin A |
| Related Drugs | amoxicillin, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, cephalexin, metronidazole, azithromycin, clindamycin, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, vancomycin |
| Type | |
| Formula | C18H36N4O11 |
| Weight | Average: 484.4986 Monoisotopic: 484.238058014 |
| Groups | Approved, Investigational, Vet approved |
| Therapeutic Class | Ophthalmic antibacterial drugs |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Kanamycin A is in a group of drugs called aminoglycosides. It fights bacteria in the body. Kanamycin A is used to treat serious infections caused by bacteria. Kanamycin A may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Kanamycin A is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Bacterial Infection caused by Acinetobacter species, Bacterial Infection caused by E. coli, Bacterial Infection caused by Enterobacter aerogenes, Bacterial Infection caused by Klebsiella Pneumoniae, Bacterial Infection caused by Proteus species, Bacterial Infection caused by Serratia marcescens
How Kanamycin A works
Aminoglycosides like kanamycin "irreversibly" bind to specific 30S-subunit proteins and 16S rRNA. Specifically Kanamycin A binds to four nucleotides of 16S rRNA and a single amino acid of protein S12. This interferes with decoding site in the vicinity of nucleotide 1400 in 16S rRNA of 30S subunit. This region interacts with the wobble base in the anticodon of tRNA. This leads to interference with the initiation complex, misreading of mRNA so incorrect amino acids are inserted into the polypeptide leading to nonfunctional or toxic peptides and the breakup of polysomes into nonfunctional monosomes.
Toxicity
Mild and reversible nephrotoxicity may be observed in 5 - 25% of patients. Amikacin accumulates in proximal renal tubular cells. Tubular cell regeneration occurs despite continued drug exposure. Toxicity usually occurs several days following initiation of therapy. May cause irreversible ototoxicity. Otoxocity appears to be correlated to cumulative lifetime exposure. Drug accumulation in the endolymph and perilymph of the inner ear causes irreversible damage to hair cells of the cochlea or summit of ampullar cristae in the vestibular complex. High frequency hearing is lost first with progression leading to loss of low frequency hearing. Further toxicity may lead to retrograde degeneration of the 8th cranial (vestibulocochlear) nerve. Vestibular toxicity may cause vertigo, nausea, vomiting, dizziness and loss of balance. Oral LD50 is 17500 mg/kg in mice, over 4 g/kg in rats, and over 3 g/kg in rabbits.
Food Interaction
No interactions found.Kanamycin A Drug Interaction
Moderate: aspirin, aspirinUnknown: sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim, meperidine, meperidine, dexamethasone, dexamethasone, dextran, low molecular weight, dextran, low molecular weight, acetaminophen, acetaminophen, procaine penicillin, procaine penicillin, multivitamin, multivitamin, thiamine, thiamine, riboflavin, riboflavin
Kanamycin A Disease Interaction
Major: dehydration, neuromuscular blockade, ototoxicity, renal dysfunction, intestinal obstruction, colitis
Elimination Route
Kanamycin A is rapidly absorbed after intramuscular injection and peak serum levels are generally reached within approximately one hour. Poor oral and topical absorption except with severe skin damage.
Half Life
2.5 hours
Innovators Monograph
You find simplified version here Kanamycin A
