Lamivudine [For HIV Infection]

Lamivudine [For HIV Infection] Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

Lamivudine [For HIV Infection]
Uses
Dosage
Side Effect
Precautions
Interactions
Uses during Pregnancy
Uses during Breastfeeding
Accute Overdose
Food Interaction
Half Life
Volume of Distribution
Clearance
Interaction With other Medicine
Contradiction
Storage

Trade Name	Lamivudine [For HIV Infection]
Generic	Lamivudine [For HIV Infection]
Type
Therapeutic Class	Drugs for HIV / Anti-retroviral drugs
Manufacturer
Available Country	Bangladesh
Last Updated:	September 24, 2024 at 5:38 am

Uses

Lamivudine in combination with other antiretroviral agents is indicated for the treatment of HIV infection.

Dosage

Lamivudine [For HIV Infection] dosage

Adults and adolescents over 12 years of age: The recommended dose for HIV infection is 300 mg daily. This is administered as 150 mg twice daily.Children: Three months to 12 years of age: The recommended dosefor HIV infection is 4 mg/kg twice daily up to a maximum of 300 mg daily. Less than three months of age: The limited data available are insufficient to propose specific dosage recommendations. Lamivudine may be administered with or without food.

Side Effects

The following adverse events have been reported during therapy for HIV disease with Lamivudine.Blood and lymphatic systems disorders- Uncommon: Neutropenia, anaemia and thrombocytopenia Very rare: Pure red cell aplasia Nervous system disorders- Common: Headache, insomnia Very rare: Cases of peripheral neuropathy (or paraesthesia). Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders Common: Cough, nasal symptoms- Gastrointestinal disorders- Common: Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain or cramps, diarrhea Rare: Rises in serum amylase. Cases of pancreatitis have been reported. Hepatobiliary disorders- Uncommon: Transient rises in liver enzymes (AST, ALT). Rare: Hepatitis Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders- Common: Rash, alopecia Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders- Common: Arthralgia, muscle disorders Rare: Rhabdomyolysis, Lipodystrophy General disorders and administration site conditions- Common: Fatigue, malaise, fever. Cases of lactic acidosis, usually associated with severe hepatomegaly and hepatic steatosis, have been reported with the use of nucleoside analogues.

Precaution

Lamivudin is not recommended for use as monotherapy. In pediatric patients with a history of prior antiretroviral nucleoside exposure, a history of pancreatitis, or other significant risk factors for the development of pancreatitis, Lamivudine should be used with caution. Treatment with Lamivudine should be stopped immediately if clinical signs, symptoms, or laboratory abnormalities suggestive of pancreatitis occurLactic Acidosis/Severe Hepatomegaly with Steatosis: Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, including fatal cases, have been reported with the use of nucleoside analogues alone or in combination, including Lamivudine and other antiretrovirals. A majority of these cases have been in women. Obesity and prolonged nucleoside exposure may be risk factors. Particular caution should be exercised when administering Lamivudine to any patient with known risk factors for liver disease.In patients with moderate to severe renal impairment, the dose should be adjusted. Patients receiving Lamivudin or any other antiretroviral therapy may continue to develop opportunistic infections and other complications of HIV infection, and therefore should remain under close clinical observation by physicians experienced in the treatment of patients with associated HIV diseases.

Interaction

The possibility of interactions with other medicinal products administered concurrently should be considered, particularly when the main route of elimination is active renal secretion. Administration of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 160 mg/800 mg results in a 40% increase in Lamivudine exposure. Lamivudine and zalcitabine may inhibit the intracellular phosphorylation of one another. Therefore, use of Lamivudine in combination with zalcitabine is not recommended.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use

Pregnancy Category C. The safety of Lamivudine in human pregnancy has not been established.Lactation: Following oral administration Lamivudine excreted in breast milk at similar concentrations to those found in serum. That’s why it is recommended that mothers taking Lamivudine do not breast-feed their infants.

Contraindication

Hypersensitivity to Lamivudine or to any of the excipients.

Special Warning

Renal impairment: Lamivudine concentrations are increased in patients with moderate to severe renal impairment due to decreased clearance. The dose should therefore be adjusted.Adults and adolescents over 12 years: CrCl 50 ml/min: first dose 150 mg & maintenance dose 150 mg twice daily CrCl 30 to <50 ml/min: first dose 150 mg & maintenance dose 150 mg once daily CrCl 15 to 29 ml/min: first dose 150 mg & maintenance dose 100 mg once daily CrCl 5 to 14 ml/min: first dose 150 mg & maintenance dose 50 mg once daily CrCl <5 ml/min: first dose 50 mg & maintenance dose 25 mg once daily Hepatic Impairment: Data obtained in patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment shows that Lamivudine pharmacokinetics are not significantly affected by hepatic dysfunction. Based on these data, no dose adjustment is necessary in patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment unless accompanied by renal impairment.