Micafungin
Micafungin Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Micafungin is an antifungal drug. It belongs to the antifungal class of compounds known as echinocandins and exerts its effect by inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall.
Formerly known as FK463, micafungin is a semisynthetic lipopeptide synthesized from a fermentation product of Coleophoma empetri that works as an antifungal agent. It is a glucan synthesis inhibitor of the echinocandin structural class. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved micafungin in March 2005. Micafungin inhibits an enzyme essential for fungal cell-wall synthesis. Depending on its concentration, micafungin may be fungicidal against some Candida, but is usually fungistatic against Apergillus. Micafungin can be used concomitantly with a variety of other drugs, including the HIV protease inhibitor ritonavir and the transplant medications cyclosporine and tacrolimus.
| Trade Name | Micafungin |
| Availability | Prescription only |
| Generic | Micafungin |
| Micafungin Other Names | Micafungin, Micafungina |
| Related Drugs | fluconazole, Diflucan, itraconazole, amphotericin b, voriconazole, posaconazole, caspofungin, Sporanox, Mycamine, gentian violet topical |
| Weight | 100mg, 50mg, |
| Type | Infusion, Intravenous Powder For Injection, Intravenous |
| Formula | C56H71N9O23S |
| Weight | Average: 1270.274 Monoisotopic: 1269.438350313 |
| Protein binding | Highly (>99%) protein bound in vitro, independent of plasma concentrations over the range of 10 to 100 µg/mL. The primary binding protein is albumin; however, micafungin, at therapeutically relevant concentrations, does not competitively displace bilirubin binding to albumin. Micafungin also binds to a lesser extent to a1-acid-glycoprotein. |
| Groups | Approved, Investigational |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | Flynn Pharma Ltd |
| Available Country | United Kingdom, United States |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Micafungin is an antifungal agent used for the treatment of candidemia, acute disseminated candidiasis, and certain other invasive Candida infections, and for the prophylaxis of Candida infections during stem cell transplantation.
Indicated for the treatment of candidemia, acute disseminated candidiasis, and certain other invasive Candida infections, as well as esophageal candidiasis, and prophylaxis of Candida infections in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Micafungin is also used as an alternative for the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiases and has been used with some success as primary or salvage therapy, alone or in combination with other antifungals, for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis.
Indicated for the prophylaxis of Candida infections in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Micafungin is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Abscesses, Aspergillosis, Candidemia, Candidiasis, Esophageal Candidiasis, Infections, Fungal, Peritonitis, Disseminated Candidiasis
How Micafungin works
Micafungin inhibits the synthesis of beta-1,3-D-glucan, an essential component of fungal cell walls which is not present in mammalian cells. It does this by inhibiting beta-1,3-D-glucan synthase.
Toxicity
Intravenous LD50 in rats is 125mg/kg. In dogs it is >200mg/kg. No cases of overdosage have been reported. Repeated daily doses up to 8 mg/kg (maximum total dose of 896 mg) in adult patients have been administered in clinical trials with no reported dose-limiting toxicity. The minimum lethal dose is 125 mg/kg in rats, equivalent to 8.1 times the recommended human clinical dose for esophageal candidiasis based on body surface area comparisons.
Food Interaction
No interactions found.Micafungin Disease Interaction
Volume of Distribution
- 0.39 ± 0.11 L/kg [adult patients with esophageal candidiasis]
Elimination Route
Not absorbed orally
Half Life
14-17 hours
Clearance
- 0.359 +/- 0.179 mL/min/kg [Adult Patients with IC with 100 mg]
- 0.321 +/- 0.098 mL/min/kg [HIV- Positive Patients with EC with 50 mg]
- 0.327 +/- 0.093 mL/min/kg [HIV- Positive Patients with EC with 100 mg]
- 0.340 +/- 0.092 mL/min/kg [HIV- Positive Patients with EC with 150 mg]
- 0.214 +/- 0.031 mL/min/kg [hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients 3 mg/kg]
- 0.204 +/- 0.036 mL/min/kg [hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients 4 mg/kg]
- 0.224 +/- 0.064 mL/min/kg [hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients 6 mg/kg]
- 0.223 +/- 0.081 mL/min/kg [hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients 8 mg/kg]
Elimination Route
Fecal excretion is the major route of elimination (total radioactivity at 28 days was 71% of the administered dose).
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