Mithracin
Mithracin Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Mithracin is an antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces plicatus. It has been used in the treatment of testicular cancer, Paget's disease of bone, and, rarely, the management of hypercalcemia. The manufacturer discontinued plicamycin in 2000.
Mithracin is lethal to Hela cells in 48 hours at concentrations as low as 0.5 micrograms per milliliter of tissue culture medium. Mithracin has shown significant anti-tumor activity against experimental leukemia in mice when administered intraperitoneally.
| Trade Name | Mithracin |
| Availability | Discontinued |
| Generic | Plicamycin |
| Plicamycin Other Names | Aureolic acid, Mithramycin, Mithramycine, Mithramycinum, Plicamicina, Plicamycin, Plicamycine, Plicamycinum |
| Related Drugs | furosemide, Lasix, calcitonin, cisplatin, etoposide, vinblastine, pamidronate, bleomycin, ifosfamide, Miacalcin |
| Type | |
| Formula | C52H76O24 |
| Weight | Average: 1085.1454 Monoisotopic: 1084.47265336 |
| Protein binding | There is no evidence of protein binding, nor is there any evidence of metabolism of the carbohydrate moiety of the drug to carbon dioxide and water with loss through respiration. |
| Groups | Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
For the treatment of testicular cancer, as well as hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria associated with a variety of advanced forms of cancer.
How Mithracin works
Mithracin is presumed to inhibit cellular and enzymic RNA synthesis by forming a complex with DNA. Mithracin may also lower calcium serum levels by inhibiting the effect of parathyroid hormone upon osteoclasts or by blocking the hypercalcemic action of pharmacologic doses of vitamin D.
Toxicity
The most important form of toxicity associated with the use of plicamycin consists of a dose-related bleeding syndrome which usually begins with an episode of epistaxis. Mithracin crosses the blood-brain barrier; the concentration found in brain tissue is low but it persists longer than in other tissues.
Elimination Route
Radioautography studies with 3H-labeled plicamycin in mice show that the greatest concentrations of the isotope are in the Kupffer cells of the liver and cells of the renal tubules. Mithracin is rapidly cleared from the blood within the first 2 hours and excretion is also rapid. 67% percent of measured excretion occurs within 4 hours, 75% within 8 hours, and 90% is recovered in the first 24 hours after injection.
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