Nidazole
Nidazole Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Nidazole is a 5-nitroimidazole derivative active against protozoa and anaerobic bacteria. It is converted to reduction products that interact with DNA to cause destruction of helical DNA structure and strand leading to a protein synthesis inhibition and cell death in susceptible organisms.
| Trade Name | Nidazole |
| Generic | Ornidazole |
| Ornidazole Other Names | ornidazol, Ornidazole |
| Weight | 400mg, 200mg, 200mg/5ml, 5mg/ml |
| Type | Injection, Tablet, Oral Suspension, Solution |
| Formula | C7H10ClN3O3 |
| Weight | Average: 219.63 Monoisotopic: 219.0410689 |
| Groups | Investigational |
| Therapeutic Class | Amoebicides, Anti-diarrhoeal Antiprotozoal |
| Manufacturer | Sipra Remedies Pvt Ltd, National Laboratories Ltd, Hikma Pharmaceuticals Plc |
| Available Country | India, Bangladesh, Saudi Arabia |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Nidazole is used for Amoebiasis (Intestinal and hepatic), Giardiasis, Trichomoniasis, Bacterial vaginosis, Treatment of susceptible anaerobic infections
Nidazole is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Amebiasis, Anaerobic Bacterial Infection, Chlamydial Infections, Gastrointestinal Infections caused by entamoeba histolytica, Giardiasis, Mixed Vaginal Infections, Surgical Site Infections, Trichomonal Vaginitis, Trichomoniasis
Dosage
Nidazole dosage
Amoebiasis:
- Adults: 500 mg twice a day for 5 days.
- Children: 10-25 mg per kg body weight in two divided doses.
Amoebic dysentery:
- Adults: 1.5 gm once a day for 3 days.
- Children: 40 mg per kg body weight, once a day for 3 days.
Giardiasis:
- Adults: 1.5 gm once daily for 1-2 days.
- Children: 40 mg per kg body weight for 2 days.
Trichomoniasis: 1.5 gm once or 500 mg twice a day for 5 days. Sexual partner should also be treated at the same time.
Bacterial vaginosis: 3 tablets of 500 mg each as a single dose or one tablet of 500 mg once daily for 5-7 days.
Side Effects
Side effects of Nidazole have been mainly limited to the gastrointestinal tract (nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain) and central nervous system (dizziness, headache, lassitude). Unlike other nitroimidazoles, Nidazole does not interact with alcohol, although this requires further study.
Leukopenia has been described occasionally during therapy. Adverse central nervous system (CNS) effects of Nidazole have mainly included headache, dizziness, lassitude or somnolence, fatigue and weakness. Adverse CNS effects of Nidazole may be less than that happens with metronidazole. Seizures have not been reported with Nidazole in studies available to date.
Precaution
In patient with ataxia, vertigo, and mental confusion, Nidazole should be prescribed with caution. During prolonged treatment with Nidazole, blood dyscrasia namely mild leukopenia have been reported rarely. In case leukopenia occurs, the decision to discontinue the therapy should depend upon the gravity of infection.
Interaction
Like other imidazoles, Nidazole has a mild potential to cause disulfiramlike reactions. Concomitant administration of oral anticoagulants may increase the risk of haemorrhage due to diminished hepatic metabolism. Nidazole has been reported to decrease the clearance of 5-fluorouracil.
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use
Adequate clinical trials have not been conducted. Nidazole should be prescribed only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to fetus/neonate.
Contraindication
Previous hypersensitivity to Nidazole and to other nitroimidazoles. Nidazole is contraindicated in central nervous system disorders, particularly in epilepsy or in peripheral neuropathy.
Acute Overdose
Renal Impairment Haemodialysis patients: Give a supplemental dose (50% of the usual dose) before dialysis.
Hepatic Impairment Severe: Double the interval between doses.
Storage Condition
Store at room temperature and protect from light and moisture.
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