Nokof 125 mg/5 ml Syrup

Nokof 125 mg/5 ml Syrup Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

Nokof 125 mg/5 ml Syrup reduces goblet cell hyperplasia and therefore plays a role in the management of disorders characterised by abnormal mucous. Nokof 125 mg/5 ml Syrup loosens thick sputum effectively by reducing its viscosity and thereby helps to expectorate that mucus more easily from the respiratory tract. The mucolytic action happens in several mechanisms. It breaks the disulphide bonds, which cross-link certain glycoprotein molecules in the mucus, the mucus produced under the influence of Nokof 125 mg/5 ml Syrup has high sialomucin and low fucomucin content. This combined effect ultimately reduces the viscosity of the sputum and increases its volume.

Due to its mucolytic effects, carbocisteine significantly reduces sputum viscosity, cough, dyspnea and fatigue. Additionally, it prevents pulmonary infections by decreasing accumulated mucus in the respiratory tract; this is especially beneficial in preventing exacerbations of COPD caused by bacteria and viruses. It has in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity with some demonstrated action against free radicals.

Nokof 125 mg/5 ml Syrup
Uses
Dosage
Side Effect
Precautions
Interactions
Uses during Pregnancy
Uses during Breastfeeding
Accute Overdose
Food Interaction
Half Life
Volume of Distribution
Clearance
Interaction With other Medicine
Contradiction
Storage

Trade Name	Nokof 125 mg/5 ml Syrup
Generic	Carbocisteine
Carbocisteine Other Names	carbocisteína, Carbocisteine, L-carbocysteine, S-carboxymethylcysteine
Weight	125 mg/5 ml
Type	Syrup
Formula	C₅H₉NO₄S
Weight	Average: 179.194 Monoisotopic: 179.025228471
Protein binding	Plasma protein binding information for carbocisteine is not readily available in the literature.
Groups	Approved, Investigational
Therapeutic Class	Cough expectorants & mucolytics
Manufacturer	Beximco Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Available Country	Bangladesh
Last Updated:	September 24, 2024 at 5:38 am

Uses

Nokof 125 mg/5 ml Syrup is used for- Acute bronchitis, Chronic bronchitis, Bronchial asthma, Upper respiratory tract inflammation (pharyngitis, laryngitis), Cystic fibrosis Bronchiectasis, Pulmonary tuberculosis, Drainage in chronic sinusitis and pneumonia, Drainage in otitis media in children.

Nokof 125 mg/5 ml Syrup is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Cough, Respiratory Illness, Excess mucus or phlegm, Airway secretion clearance therapy

How Nokof 125 mg/5 ml Syrup works

The hypersecretion of mucus characterizes serious respiratory conditions including asthma, cystic fibrosis (CF), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It blocks bacterial adherence to cells, preventing pulmonary infections. Glycoproteins (fucomucins, sialomucins and sulfomucins) regulate the viscoelastic properties of bronchial mucus. Increased fucomucins can be found in the mucus of patients with COPD. Nokof 125 mg/5 ml Syrup serves to restore equilibrium between sialomucins and fucomucins, likely by intracellular stimulation of sialyl transferase enzyme, thus reducing mucus viscosity.

A study found that L-carbocisteine can inhibit damage to cells by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by activating protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation, suggesting that carbocisteine may have antioxidant effects and prevent apoptosis of lung cells. There is some evidence that carbocisteine suppresses NF-κB and ERK1/2 MAPK signalling pathways, reducing TNF-alpha induced inflammation in the lungs, as well as other inflammatory pathways. An in-vitro study found that L-carbocisteine reduces intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), inhibiting rhinovirus 14 infection, thereby reducing airway inflammation.

Dosage

Nokof 125 mg/5 ml Syrup dosage

Adult: Initially, 2.25 g daily in divided doses, then 1.5 g daily in divided doses as condition improves.

Child: 2-5 year: 62.5-125 mg 4 times daily; 6-12 year 250 mg tid.

Should be taken with food.

Side Effects

Gastrointestinal discomfort, nausea, diarrhoea, gastrointestinal bleeding, palpitation, dizziness, headache, heartburn and skin rash may occur.

Toxicity

The oral LD50 of carbocisteine in rats is >15000 mg/kg. An overdose with carbocisteine is likely to result in gastrointestinal discomfort with nausea and vomiting.

Precaution

No specific precaution is recommended but Nokof 125 mg/5 ml Syrup should be used with caution in patients with a recent history of peptic ulcer and recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding.

Interaction

Neither hazardous nor therapeutically useful interactions have been reported.

Food Interaction

Take with or without food.

Volume of Distribution

Nokof 125 mg/5 ml Syrup penetrates well into the lung and bronchial secretions.

Elimination Route

Nokof 125 mg/5 ml Syrup is rapidly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract when taken orally with peak serum concentrations achieved within 1 to 1.7 hours.

Half Life

The plasma half-life of carbicostine is 1.33 hours.

Clearance

Clearance information for carbocisteine is not readily available in the literature.

Elimination Route

About 30% to 60% of an orally administered dose is detected unchanged in the urine.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use

There is no information on the use of Nokof 125 mg/5 ml Syrup during lactation. While there are no reports of teratogenic effects, the manufacturers do not recommend the use of Nokof 125 mg/5 ml Syrup in the first trimester.