Novorapid Penfill
Novorapid Penfill Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
The primary activity of Novorapid Penfill is the regulation of glucose metabolism. Novorapid Penfill bind to the insulin receptors on muscle and fat cells and lower blood glucose by facilitating the cellular uptake of glucose and simultaneously inhibiting the output of glucose from the liver.
Insulin is a natural hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreas. In non-diabetic individuals, a basal level of insulin is supplemented with insulin spikes following meals. Postprandial insulin spikes are responsible for the metabolic changes that occur as the body transitions from a postabsorptive to absorptive state. Insulin promotes cellular uptake of glucose, particularly in muscle and adipose tissues, promotes energy storage via glycogenesis, opposes catabolism of energy stores, increases DNA replication and protein synthesis by stimulating amino acid uptake by liver, muscle and adipose tissue, and modifies the activity of numerous enzymes involved in glycogen synthesis and glycolysis. Insulin also promotes growth and is required for the actions of growth hormone (e.g. protein synthesis, cell division, DNA synthesis). Insulin aspart is a rapid-acting insulin analogue used to mimic postprandial insulin spikes in diabetic individuals. The onset of action of insulin aspart is 10-15 minutes. Its activity peaks 60-90 minutes following subcutaneous injection and its duration of action is 4-5 hours.
| Trade Name | Novorapid Penfill |
| Generic | Insulin Aspart |
| Insulin Aspart Other Names | Aspart, Aspart Insulin, B28-Aspart-Insulin, Insulin aspart, Insulin aspart protamine, Insulin aspart protamine recombinant, Insulin aspart recombinant, Insulin X14, Insulin, aspart protamine, human, Insulin, aspart, human, Insulin,aspart protamine, Insulina asparta |
| Weight | 100unit/ml, |
| Type | Injection, Sc Injection |
| Formula | C256H381N65O79S6 |
| Weight | 5825.8 Da |
| Protein binding | Insulin aspart has a low binding affinity to plasma proteins (<10%), similar to that seen with regular human insulin. |
| Groups | Approved |
| Therapeutic Class | Rapid Acting Insulin |
| Manufacturer | Novo Nordisk India Pvt Ltd, Novo Nordisk Limited |
| Available Country | India, Bangladesh, United Kingdom, France, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Novorapid Penfill is a rapid acting human insulin analog used to improve glycemic control in adults and children with diabetes mellitus.
Novorapid Penfill is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), Hyperglycemia during critical illness
How Novorapid Penfill works
Insulin aspart binds to the insulin receptor (IR), a heterotetrameric protein consisting of two extracellular alpha units and two transmembrane beta units. The binding of insulin to the alpha subunit of IR stimulates the tyrosine kinase activity intrinsic to the beta subunit of the receptor. The bound receptor autophosphorylates and phosphorylates numerous intracellular substrates such as insulin receptor substrates (IRS) proteins, Cbl, APS, Shc and Gab 1. Activation of these proteins leads to the activation of downstream signaling molecules including PI3 kinase and Akt. Akt regulates the activity of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and protein kinase C (PKC), both of which play critical roles in metabolism and catabolism. In humans, insulin is stored in the form of hexamers; however, only insulin monomers are able to interact with IR. Substitution of the proline residue at B28 with aspartic acid reduces the tendency to form hexamers and results in a faster rate of absorption and onset of action and shorter duration of action.
Dosage
Novorapid Penfill dosage
Usual range: 0.5-1 units/kg/day. When used in a meal-related SC inj treatment regimen, insulin aspart may provide 50-70% of total insulin requirement with the remainder provided by an intermediate-acting or long-acting insulinThe dosage of insulin aspart must be individualized
Subcutaneous injection: insulin aspart should generally be given immediately (within 5-10 minutes) prior to the start of a meal
Use in pumps: Change the insulin aspart in the reservoir at least every 6 days, change the infusion set, and the infusion set insertion site at least every 3 daysinsulin aspart should not be mixed with other insulins or with a diluent when it is used in the pump
Intravenous use: Insulin aspart should be used at concentrations from 0.05 U/mL to 1.0 U/mL insulin aspart in infusion systems using polypropylene infusion bags. insulin aspart has been shown to be stable in infusion fluids such as 0.9% sodium chloride
Administer 5-10 min before meal
Side Effects
Hypoglycaemia; oedema; pruritus; rash; hypersensitivity reactions; lipoatrophy or lipohypertrophy with SC Inj (rotate Inj site).
Toxicity
Inappropriately high dosages relative to food intake and/or energy expenditure may result in severe and sometimes prolonged and life-threatening hypoglycemia. Neurogenic (autonomic) signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include trembling, palpitations, sweating, anxiety, hunger, nausea and tingling. Neuroglycopenic signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include difficulty concentrating, lethargy/weakness, confusion, drowsiness, vision changes, difficulty speaking, headache, and dizziness. Mild hypoglycemia is characterized by the presence of autonomic symptoms. Moderate hypoglycemia is characterized by the presence of autonomic and neuroglycopenic symptoms. Individuals may become unconscious in severe cases of hypoglycemia.
Precaution
Renal or hepatic impairment; pregnancy; lactation. Transferring from other insulin. Monitor serum glucose, potassium, electrolytes, HbA1c and lipid profile. Concomitant illness esp infections; hypokalaemia.
Interaction
Effects may be increased by: oral antidiabetic agents, ACE inhibitors, disopyramide, fibrates, fluoxetine, MAOIs, propoxyphene, salicylates, somatostatin analog (e.g., octreotide), sulfonamide antibiotics. Effects may be decreased by: corticosteroids, niacin, danazol, diuretics, sympathomimetic agents, isoniazid, phenothiazine derivatives, somatropin, thyroid hormones, oral contraceptives, lithium. Signs of hypoglycaemia may be masked by β-blockers, clonidine.
Food Interaction
- Take with food. Dose adjust as needed. Changes in meal composition may alter the response to insulin aspart.
Elimination Route
In studies of healthy volunteers and patients with type 1 diabetes, the median time to maximum concentration of insulin aspart in these trials was 40 to 50 minutes versus 80 to 120 minutes, for regular human insulin respectively. Compared to human insulin, insulin aspart has a faster absorption, a faster onset of action, and a shorter duration of action than regular human insulin after subcutaneous injection. It takes 40 - 50 minutes to reach maximum concentration. When a dose of 0.15 U/kg body weight was injected in type 1 diabetes patients, the mean maximum concentration (Cmax) was 82 mU/L. The site of injection has no impact on extent or speed of absorption.
Half Life
Elimination half-life was found to be 81 minutes (following subcutaneous administration in healthy subjects).
Clearance
1.2 L/h/kg
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use
Pregnancy Category B. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defects, loss, or other adverse outcome regardless of drug exposure. This background risk is increased in pregnancies complicated by hyperglycemia and may be decreased with good metabolic control. It is essential for patients with diabetes or history of gestational diabetes to maintain good metabolic control before conception and throughout pregnancy. Insulin requirements may decrease during the first trimester, generally increase during the second and third trimesters, and rapidly decline after delivery. Careful monitoring of glucose control is essential in these patients. Therefore, female patients should be advised to tell their physician if they intend to become, or if they become pregnant while taking insulin aspart.
Contraindication
Insulin Novorapid Penfill is contraindicated-
- during episodes of hypoglycemia
- in patients with hypersensitivity to Novorapid Penfill or one of its excipients
Special Warning
Renal Impairment: Decreased dose may be necessary.
Hepatic Impairment: Decreased dose may be necessary.
Innovators Monograph
You find simplified version here Novorapid Penfill
Novorapid Penfill contains Insulin Aspart see full prescribing information from innovator Novorapid Penfill Monograph, Novorapid Penfill MSDS, Novorapid Penfill FDA label
FAQ
What is Novorapid Penfill used for?
Novorapid Penfill is used to treat type 1 diabetes (condition in which the body does not produce insulin and therefore cannot control the amount of sugar in the blood) in adults and children.
How safe is Novorapid Penfill?
Novorapid Penfill is at least as safe and effective as regular human insulin when used in basal-bolus therapy with neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes, and may potentially offer some benefits in terms of postprandial glucose control and preventing severe hypoglycemia. Careful monitoring of glucose levels coupled with active regulation of the insulin dose is crucial for an optimal outcome.
How does Novorapid Penfill work?
Novorapid Penfill works by replacing the insulin that is normally produced by the body and by helping move sugar from the blood into other body tissues where it is used for energy.
What are the common side effects of Novorapid Penfill?
The common side effects of Novorapid Penfill are include:
- redness, swelling, or itching at the site of the injection.
- changes in the feel of your skin, skin thickening (fat build-up), or a little depression in the skin (fat breakdown)
- weight gain.
- constipation.
Is Novorapid Penfill safe during pregnancy?
The use of Novorapid Penfill in pregnancy is regarded safe.Novorapid Penfill also safe and effective as regular human insulin in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes.
Is Novorapid Penfill safe during breastfeeding?
Novorapid Penfill is safe for use while breastfeeding. There are clinical studies that report a possible decreased risk of type 1 diabetes in infants breastfed by mothers treated with insulin.
Can I drink alcohol with Novorapid Penfill?
You should avoid using alcohol if your diabetes is not well controlled or if you have high triglycerides, neuropathy (nerve damage), or pancreatitis. Moderate alcohol consumption generally does not affect blood glucose levels if your diabetes is under control.
Can I drive after taking Novorapid Penfill?
Avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how this medicine will affect you. Avoid medication errors by always checking the medicine label before injecting your insulin.
How long does Novorapid Penfill take to work?
Novorapid Penfill is a fast-acting insulin that starts to work about 15 minutes after injection, peaks in about 1 hour, and keeps working for 2 to 4 hours.
How long after Novorapid Penfill can I eat?
You should eat within 5 to 10 minutes after using Novorapid Penfill.
Does Novorapid Penfill cause weight gain?
Novorapid Penfill can causes weight gain also with other side effects.
Who should not take Novorapid Penfill?
Never use Novorapid Penfill when you have symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) or if you have checked your blood sugar and found it to be low.
Can I take Novorapid Penfill for a long time?
Some studies have shown that long time use of Novorapid Penfill is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, cancer and all-cause mortality in comparison with other glucose-lowering therapies.
Is Novorapid Penfill bad for my heart?
The new study shows that when the insulin receptor is activated by high levels of insulin, it sends a message to the beta2 receptor, which disrupts signaling through the beta1-adrenergic pathway and reduces the heart's ability to pump, leading to heart failure.
How should I use Novorapid Penfill?
Novorapid Penfill is injected under the skin, or as an infusion into a vein. A healthcare provider will give your first dose and may teach you how to properly use the medication by yourself.Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Use the medicine exactly as directed.
What happens if I miss a dose of Novorapid Penfill?
Since Novorapid Penfill is used before meals, you may not be on a timed dosing schedule. Whenever you use Novorapid Penfill, be sure to eat a meal within 5 to 10 minutes. Do not use extra Novorapid Penfill to make up a missed dose.
What happens if I overdose of Novorapid Penfill?
Seek emergency medical attention.Novorapid Penfill overdose can cause life-threatening hypoglycemia. Symptoms include drowsiness, confusion, blurred vision, numbness or tingling in your mouth, trouble speaking, muscle weakness, clumsy or jerky movements, seizure (convulsions), or loss of consciousness.
Does Novorapid Penfill cause fatty liver?
Novorapid Penfill resistance may then contribute to the development of fatty liver by impairing the ability of Novorapid Penfill to suppress lipolysis.
