Nutrilipid
Nutrilipid Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Derived from soybeans, soybean oil is a common vegetable oil and a source of polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids. It is a complex mixture of triglycerides where per 100 g, soybean oil has 16 g of saturated fat, 23 g of monounsaturated fat, and 58 g of polyunsaturated fat. The major component fatty acids are linoleic (48% - 58%), oleic (17% - 30%), palmitic (9% -13%), linolenic (4% - 11%), and stearic (2.5% - 5.0%). It is used as a cooking oil and lipid emulsion for parenteral nutrition in clinical settings. Nutrilipid-based lipid emulsion is the only FDA-approved lipid formulation for clinical use.
Nutrilipid is a nutrition source that provides a biologically utilizable source of calories and essential fatty acids. It prevents the biochemical lesions of essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD), and correct the clinical manifestations of the EFAD syndrome by supplying energy and nutrients.
| Trade Name | Nutrilipid |
| Generic | Soybean oil |
| Soybean oil Other Names | Dolichos soja seed oil, Glycine angustifolia seed oil, Glycine gracilis seed oil, Glycine hispida seed oil, Oils, soybean, Phalseolus max seed oil, Phaseolus max seed oil, Soja angustifolia seed oil, Soja hispida seed oil, Soja japonica seed oil, Soja max seed oil, Soja soja seed oil, Soja viridis seed oil, Soya bean seed oil, Soya oil, Soybean oil, Soybean seed oil |
| Type | |
| Protein binding | Free fatty acids circulate in the plasma, bound to albumin. |
| Groups | Approved |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Nutrilipid is an oil used as a source of calories and essential fatty acids in selected patients for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) therapy and prevention of essential fatty acid deficiency.
Indicated for parenteral nutrition as a source of calories and essential fatty acids when oral or enteral nutrition is not possible, insufficient, or contraindicated.
Nutrilipid is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency (EFAD), Nutritional supplementation, Parenteral Nutrition, Total parenteral nutrition therapy
How Nutrilipid works
Fatty acids serve as an important substrate for energy production. The most common mechanism of action for energy production derived from fatty acid metabolism is beta oxidation. Fatty acids are also important for membrane structure and function, precursors for bioactive molecules (such as prostaglandins), and as regulators of gene expression. Nutrilipid-based lipid emulsion may also cause an increase in heat production, decrease in respiratory quotient, and increase in oxygen consumption following its administration . Nutrilipid contents prevent abnormally high triacylglycerol synthesis and its accumulation as lipid droplets in the liver by regulating hepatic lipogenesis and lipolysis. In vitro, soybean oil is shown to prevent downregulation of CYP2C2, CYP2C11 and CYP3A2 mRNA thus maintaining hepatic drug oxidation capabilities. Nutrilipid is broken down into free fatty acids that activate PPAR-alpha, which regulate hepatic CYP4A1 that hydroxylate saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Nutrilipid is also shown to prevent up/downregulation of efflux transporters and maintain mRNA levels of hepatic antioxidant enzymes in vitro rat studies .
Toxicity
The most frequent adverse effects were nausea, vomiting and muscle spasm. Nutrilipid-based lipid emulsions can cause hypersensitivity reactions and risks of catheter-related infections. Fat overload syndrome is a rare condition that has been reported with intravenous lipid emulsions, due to a reduced or limited ability to metabolize lipids accompanied by prolonged plasma clearance. Worsensing conditions of the patients can be seen including hematological effects, declined hepatic function and central nervous system manifestations. Hypertriglyceridema may occur. Preterm and small-for-gestational-age infants have poor clearance of intravenous lipid emulsion and increased free fatty acid plasma levels following lipid emulsion infusion, leading to accumulation in lungs. It is advised not to exceed 0.75 mL/kg/hour.
Food Interaction
No interactions found.Volume of Distribution
After triglycerides are hydrolyzed, fatty acids can enter the tissues where they may be oxidized or resynthesized into triglcerides and stored.
Elimination Route
Following infusion, there is a transient increase in plasma triglycerides.
Clearance
The elimination rate of lipid emulsions depends on particle size, fatty acid composition, apolipoprotein content of the lipid globules, lipoprotein lipase activity, and hepatic lipase activity .
Elimination Route
Converted carbon dioxide from smaller fatty acid units are excreted by the lungs.
Innovators Monograph
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