O Carb Ear

Uses

For the relief of occasional constipation

Phenol is an antiseptic and disinfectant used in a variety of settings.

Phenol is primarily indicated for minor sore throat pain, sore mouth, minor mouth irritation, and pain associated with canker sores. Additionally, phenol is indicated in the treatment of focal spasticity.

Management of acidosis in cardiac arrest.

Management of metabolic acidosis in:

• Severe renal disease
• Uncontrolled diabetes
• Circulatory insufficiency from shock or dehydration
• Severe primary lactic acidosis

Alkalinization of urine.

O Carb Ear is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Cold Sore, Constipation, Dry Mouth, Dry Skin, Dry throat, Edema of the cerebrum, Hypertension Intracranial, Occasional Constipation, Ocular Discomfort, Ocular Hypertension, Ocular Irritation, Skin Infections, Sore Throat, Mouth soreness, Ocular burning, Bowel preparation therapy, Topical Antisepsis, Skin protectionDermatitis, Dermatitis, Eczematous, Irritation lips, Pruritis of the skin, Psoriasis, Ringworm, Sore Throat, Throat irritation, Moderate, stable PsoriasisAcid indigestion, Barbiturate intoxication, Breast Cancer, Constipation, Dental Decay, Duodenal Ulcer, Dyspepsia, Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), Gingival Bleeding, Heartburn, Helicobacter Infections, Hyperkalemia, Ischaemia, Metabolic Acidosis, Myocardial Infarction, Plaque, Dental, Pruritis of the skin, Skin Irritation, Upset stomach, Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome, Abdominal bloating, Benign, active Gastric Ulcer, Methyl alcohol poisoning, Prophylaxis of Contrast-induced nephropathy, Salicylate poisoning, Severe Diarrhea, Swelling of the gums, Bowel preparation therapy

How O Carb Ear works

When administered rectally, glycerin exerts a hygroscopic and/or local irritant action, drawing water from the tissues into the feces and reflexively stimulating evacuation. Glycerin decreases intraocular pressure by creating an osmotic gradient between the blood and intraocular fluid, causing fluid to move out of the aqueous and vitreous humors into the bloodstream.

Phenol is a potent proteolytic agent. Concentrations in the 5% to 7% range dissolve tissue on contact via proteolysis. In high concentrations when injected next to a nerve, phenol produces a chemical neurolysis which is nonselective across nerve fiber size and most prominent on its outer aspect. Local anesthetic effects occur within 5-10 minutes.

Sodium bicarbonate is a systemic alkalizer, which increases plasma bicarbonate, buffers excess hydrogen ion concentration, and raises blood pH, thereby reversing the clinical manifestations of acidosis. It is also a urinary alkalizer, increasing the excretion of free bicarbonate ions in the urine, thus effectively raising the urinary pH. By maintaining an alkaline urine, the actual dissolution of uric acid stones may be accomplished. Sodium bicarbonate acts as an antacid and reacts chemically to neutralize or buffer existing quantities of stomach acid but has no direct effect on its output. This action results in increased pH value of stomach contents, thus providing relief of hyperacidity symptoms. [PharmGKB]

Dosage

O Carb Ear dosage

Children under 2 years: Consult a physician.

Children (2 to 6 years): only 1 Glycerin 1.15 suppository per 24 hours or as directed by a physician.

Adults and Children (From 6 years): only 1 Glycerin 2.30 suppository per 24 hours or as directed by a physician

Insert suppository well up into rectum. Suppository need to melt completely to produce laxative action.

Oral: The usual dose is 300 mg to 2 grams, 1 to 4 times daily.

Intravenous (Severe metabolic acidosis):

• Adult: By slow inj of a hypertonic solution of up to 8.4% (1000 mmol/L), or by continuous infusion of a weaker solution, usually 1.26% (150 mmol/L). For correction of acidosis during advanced cardiac life support procedures, 50 ml of an 8.4% solution may be given.
• Elderly: Dosage adjustments may be required.

Side Effects

Glycerin when used rectally may cause rectal discomfort or a burning sensation

This medication is generally well tolerated. However, high doses may cause headache, nausea or irritability. If any of these effects continue or become bothersome, inform your doctor. Notify your doctor if you develop: muscle weakness, slow reflexes, confusion, swelling of the feet or ankles, black tar-like stools, coffee-ground vomit. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

Toxicity

Glycerol has very low toxicity when ingested ; Rat LD50 (oral)-12600mg/kg Mice LD50 (oral )-4090mg/kg Human TDLo (oral) - 1428mg/kg

Mouse, Subcutaneous, LD50: 0.3-0.35 g/kg. (Duplay and Cazin, 1891; Tollens, 1905). Rat, Subcutaneous, LD50: 0.45. (Deichmann and Witherup, 1944). Rat, Oral, LD50: 0.53. (Deichmann and Witherup, 1944). Rat, Oral, LD50: 0.65. (Flickinger, 1976). Rat, Cutaneous, LD50: 0.67. (Conning and Hayes, 1970).

Precaution

Pre-existing heart disease, kidney disease, liver disease, high blood pressure, any allergies.

Interaction

This medication has the potential to interact with many medications. Should not take any other medication within 1 to 2 hours of taking an antacid. Potentially hazardous interactions with Corticosteroids and Corticotropin, Alkalis, Calcium, Diuretics and Potassium.

Volume of Distribution

Glycerin is distributed throughout the blood. Although glycerin generally does not appear in ocular fluids, it may enter the orbital sac when the eye is inflamed, with a consequent decrease in osmotic effect.

At I5 min after exposure, the liver contained the highest level of phenol, consisting mainly of free phenol. After 82 minutes post administration, phenol is uniformly distributed in the liver, blood, kidneys, lungs, along with the heart, testes, thymus and the spleen. With the passage of time, the proportion of free to conjugated phenol changed. By 360 minutes most phenol appears in conjugated forms.

Elimination Route

Well absorbed orally, poorly absorbed rectally. Studies in humans and animals indicate glycerol is rapidly absorbed in the intestine and the stomach

Phenol is rapidly absorbed through the skin and into the lungs.

Half Life

30 - 45 minutes

Clearance

In rabbits, 72% is excreted in the urine, 1% in the feces, 4% in the carcass following sacrifice, and trace amounts were exhaled.

Elimination Route

Approx 7-14% of dose is excreted unchanged in the urine within 2.5 hr.

The kidney is the primary route of elimination of phenol.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use

Pregnancy category C. There are no controlled data in human pregnancy

Category C: Either studies in animals have revealed adverse effects on the foetus (teratogenic or embryocidal or other) and there are no controlled studies in women or studies in women and animals are not available. Drugs should be given only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the foetus.

Contraindication

Sensitivity to the ingredients. Do not use unless the patient to be treated is, in fact, constipated.

This drug is contraindicated in hypoventilatory states, chloride depletion owing to continuous gastric fluid loss, metabolic and/or respiratory alkalosis, hypocalcemia and diuretics known to produce hypochloremic alkalosis.

Acute Overdose

If alkalosis results, the bicarbonate should be stopped and the patient managed according to the degree of alkalosis present. 0.9% sodium chloride injection intravenous may be given; potassium chloride also may be indicated if there is hypokalemia. Severe alkalosis may be accompanied by hyperirritability or tetany and these symptoms may be controlled by calcium gluconate. An acidifying agent such as ammonium chloride may also be indication in severe alkalosis.

Storage Condition

Store below 25° C. Protect from moisture.

Store in a cool & dry place protected from light. Keep out of reach of children.

Innovators Monograph

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