Ofloxa Uses, Dosage, Side Effects and more
Ofloxa is a synthetic 4-fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent with bactericidal activity against a wide range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms. Ofloxa is thought to exert bactericidal effect by inhibiting DNA gyrase, an essential enzyme that is a critical catalyst in the duplication, transcription and repair of bacterial DNA.
Ofloxa is a quinolone/fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Ofloxa is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase, which allows the untwisting required to replicate one DNA double helix into two. Notably the drug has 100 times higher affinity for bacterial DNA gyrase than for mammalian. Ofloxa is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Trade Name | Ofloxa |
Availability | Prescription only |
Generic | Ofloxacin |
Ofloxacin Other Names | Ofloxacin, Ofloxacine, Ofloxacino, Ofloxacinum, OFLX |
Related Drugs | amoxicillin, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, cephalexin, metronidazole, azithromycin, clindamycin, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, Augmentin |
Type | Tablet |
Formula | C18H20FN3O4 |
Weight | Average: 361.3675 Monoisotopic: 361.143784348 |
Protein binding | 32% |
Groups | Approved |
Therapeutic Class | 4-Quinolone preparations, Ophthalmic antibacterial drugs |
Manufacturer | Symbiosis Life Sciences Ltd |
Available Country | India |
Last Updated: | January 7, 2025 at 1:49 am |
Uses
Ofloxa Eye: It is used for the treatment of external ocular infections such as acute & sub-acute conjunctivitis, keratitis, kerato-conjunctivitis, blepharo-conjunctivitis, blepharitis, corneal ulcer and pre-operative prophylaxis in ocular surgery.
Ofloxa Ear: It is used for the treatment of external ear infections (otitis externa) and certain middle ear infections (otitis media).
Ofloxa Oral/Injection are used for the treatment of adults with mild to moderate infections caused by susceptible strains.
- Lower Respiratory Tract: Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis lung abscess, pneumonia.
- Gastrointestinal Tract: Enteric fever, shigellosis.
- Multi-drug-resistant Tuberculosis.
- Skin and skin structures: Uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections.
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Acute, Uncomplicated urethral and cervical gonorrhoea. Nongonococcal urethritis and cervicitis. Mixed infections of the urethra and cervix.
- Urinary tract: Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections, Complicated urinary tract infections.
Ofloxa is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Acute Bacterial Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis (ABECB), Acute Otitis Media, Bacterial Infections, Cervicitis, Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), Complicated Urinary Tract Infection, Conjunctivitis, Epididymitis, Hansen's Disease, Nongonococcal urethritis, Otitis Externa, Prostatitis, Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Bacterial Infections, Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP), Traveler's Diarrhea, Ulcerative keratitis, Acute Pelvic inflammatory disease, Acute, uncomplicated Gonorrhea, Chronic suppurative Otitis media, Uncomplicated Cystitis
How Ofloxa works
Ofloxa acts on DNA gyrase and toposiomerase IV, enzymes which, like human topoisomerase, prevents the excessive supercoiling of DNA during replication or transcription. By inhibiting their function, the drug thereby inhibits normal cell division.
Dosage
Ofloxa Eye: Instill 1 drop in the affected eye(s) every 2 to 4 hours for the first two days and then 4 times daily. The length of treatment should not exceed ten days.
Ofloxa Ear: Instill 1-2 drops in the affected ear(s) twice daily or as needed.
Ofloxa Intravenous (Adult):
- Skin and soft tissue infections: 400 mg bid infused over at least 1 hr.
- Complicated urinary tract infections: 200 mg daily by infusion over at least 30 min. Max: 400 mg bid infused over at least 1 hr.
- Lower respiratory tract infections, Septicaemia: 200 mg bid by infusion over at least 30 min. Max: 400 mg bid infused over at least 1 hr.
Ofloxa Oral (Adult):
General dosage recommendations: The dose of ofloxacin is determined by the type and severity of the infection. The dosage range for adults is 200 mg to 800 mg daily. Up to 400 mg may be given as a single dose, preferably in the morning, larger doses should be given as two divided doses. Ofloxa tablets should be swallowed with liquid; they should not be taken within two hours of intake of magnesium/aluminium containing antacids or iron preparations since reduction of absorption of ofloxacin can occur.
- Enteric fever: For adults 200 mg, every 12 hours, for 5 days. For children 15 mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses for 3 days.
- Shigellosis: 400 mg single dose.
- Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis: 400 mg twice daily along with conventional anti-tuberculosis drugs.
- Lower respiratory tract infection: 400 mg daily, increasing, if necessary, to 400 mg twice daily.
- Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections: A single dose of 200/400 mg.
- Uncomplicated urethral and cervical gonorrhoea: A single dose of 400 mg.
- Non-gonococcal urethral and cervicitis: 400 mg daily in single or divided doses.
- Complicated Urinary Tract Infection: 200/400 mg/day for 7 days.
Children: Ofloxa is usually not indicated for use in children or growing adolescents.
Elderly: No adjustment of dosage is required in the elderly.
May be taken with or without food. Avoid antacids or supplements containing Fe or Zn within 2 hr before or after ofloxacin. Ensure adequate hydration.
Side Effects
Ofloxa Eye: Transient ocular irritation, burning, stinging, redness, itching or photophobia have been reported.
Ofloxa Ear: Mild irritation or mild discomfort in the ear may occur. Symptoms of an allergic reaction include rash, itching, swelling or trouble breathing.
Ofloxa tablet or injection is generally well tolerated and clinical side-effects of ofloxacin has been quite low. Among the adverse effects gastrointestinal and central nervous systems' reactions are common. Nausea, rash, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea and gastrointestinal distress are the gastrointestinal adverse effects. Common central nervous system reactions are headache, dizziness and insomnia.
Toxicity
LD50=5450 mg/kg (orally in mice)
Precaution
Patients being treated with Ofloxa should not expose themselves unnecessarily to strong sunlight and should avoid UV rays. Caution is recommended if the drug is to be used in psychotic patients or in-patients with a history of psychiatric disease.
Prolonged use of eye drops & ear drops may result in overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms and secondary infection respectively.
Interaction
Antacids containing magnesium, aluminium or calcium may decrease absorption of ofloxacin. Iron or Zinc may decrease oral absorption of ofloxacin.
Food Interaction
- Limit caffeine intake.
- Take with or without food. The absorption is unaffected by food.
Ofloxa multivitamins interaction
[Moderate] ADJUST DOSING INTERVAL: Oral preparations that contain magnesium, aluminum, or calcium may significantly decrease the gastrointestinal absorption of quinolone antibiotics.
Absorption may also be reduced by sucralfate, which contains aluminum, as well as other polyvalent cations such as iron and zinc.
The mechanism is chelation of quinolones by polyvalent cations, forming a complex that is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
The bioavailability of ciprofloxacin has been reported to decrease by as much as 90% when administered with antacids containing aluminum or magnesium hydroxide.
When coadministration cannot be avoided, quinolone antibiotics should be dosed either 2 to 4 hours before or 4 to 6 hours after polyvalent cation-containing products to minimize the potential for interaction.
When coadministered with Suprep Bowel Prep (magnesium Please consult individual product labeling for specific recommendations. Moderate: aspirin, aspirin, ginkgoMinor: sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprimUnknown: amoxicillin, amoxicillin / clavulanate, Allergy , ciprofloxacin, loratadine, acetaminophen, clopidogrel, acetaminophen, valproic acid, multivitamin, thiamine, cyanocobalamin, pyridoxine, ascorbic acid, cholecalciferol, phytonadione Major: colitis, CNS disorders, myasthenia gravis, peripheral neuropathy, QT interval prolongation, tendonitisModerate: crystalluria, diabetes, hemodialysis, renal dysfunction Bioavailability of ofloxacin in the tablet formulation is approximately 98% 9 hours Ofloxa is mainly eliminated by renal excretion, where between 65% and 80% of an administered oral dose of ofloxacin is excreted unchanged via urine within 48 hours of dosing. About 4-8% of an ofloxacin dose is excreted in the feces and the drug is minimally subject to biliary excretion. Use in pregnancy: There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. This drug should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Use in lactation: It is not known whether Ofloxa is excreted in human milk. Cautions should be taken when Ofloxa eye & ear drops is administered during lactation. It is contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to Ofloxa or any other component of Ofloxa (Eye/Ear Drops). Ofloxa tablet injection should not be used in-patients with known hypersensitivity to 4-fluoroquinolone antibacterials. It is contraindicated in-patients with a history of epilepsy or with a lowered seizure threshold. Ofloxa is usually contraindicated in children or growing adolescents and in pregnant or breast feeding women. Renal Impairment: Hepatic Impairment:Severe: Reduce dose. Max: 400 mg daily Symptoms: Confusion, dizziness, impairment of consciousness, convulsive seizures, GI reactions (e.g. nausea, mucosal erosions). Management: Symptomatic and supportive treatment. Remove any unabsorbed drug by gastric lavage or admin of adsorbants and Na sulfate. Antacids are recommended for protection of gastric mucosa. Elimination may be increased by forced diuresis. Store between 15-30° C. Protect from light.
Ofloxa
contains
Ofloxacin
see full prescribing information from innovator
Monograph,
MSDS,
FDA label
Ofloxa is used to treat certain infections including pneumonia, and infections of the skin, bladder, reproductive organs, and prostate.
Ofloxa can cause serious side effects, including tendon problems, side effects on your nerves, serious mood or behavior changes , or low blood sugar.
Ofloxa works by stopping the growth of bacteria.
Common side effects of Ofloxa are include:
Ofloxa is avoide during pregnancy because of concerns about cartilage toxicity.
Use of Ofloxa is acceptable in nursing mothers with monitoring of the infant for possible effects on the flora, such as diarrhea or candidiasis. Avoiding breastfeeding for 4 to 6 hours after a dose should decrease the exposure of the infant to Ofloxa in breastmilk.
It is generally safe to drink alcohol in moderation while taking Ofloxa.
Taking Ofloxa may make you feel sleepy, dizzy or could affect your eyesight. Do not drive or use machines until you know how this medicine affects you. Drinking alcohol may make these symptoms worse. Most people feel better within 48 to 72 hours and have minimal or no symptoms by 7 days
Ofloxa is also sometimes used to treat other types of infection, including Legionnaires' disease, certain sexually transmitted diseases, infections of the bones and joints and of the stomach and intestines.
Administered oral dose of Ofloxa is excreted unchanged via the kidneys within 48 hours of dosing.
Ofloxa may cause problems with bones, joints, and tissues around joints in children. Ofloxa should not be given to children younger than 18 years of age.
The severity of Ofloxa induced liver injury ranges from mild and transient serum enzyme elevations to self-limited jaundice to acute liver failure.
Fluoroquinolone antibiotics have rarely been associated with renal failure.
Medications like Ofloxa can sometimes affect blood glucose levels. Both hyperglycemia and, less frequently, hypoglycemia have been reported.
Ofloxa may cause damage to your aorta, which could lead to dangerous bleeding or death. Get emergency medical help if you have severe and constant pain in your chest, stomach, or back.
For patients with an abnormally slow heartbeat or low potassium levels in the blood, ofloxacin may increase your risk of having a fast, slow, or irregular heartbeat.
Ofloxa in well tolerated, and in comparison with other available fluoroquinolones is less likely to cause clinically relevant drug interactions.
Brand can causes insomnia also eith other side effects.
Ofloxa is also used to treat pelvic inflammatory disease and Chlamydia or gonorrhea.
Fluoroquinolones are known to cause thrombocytopenia, Ofloxa induced thrombocytopenia cases are reported rarely.
Ofloxa is best to take the doses at evenly spaced times, day and night. For example, if you are to take one dose a day, try to take it at the same time each day.
Take Ofloxa as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time.
Ofloxa may cause damage to your aorta, the main blood artery of the body. This could lead to dangerous bleeding or death. Get emergency medical help if you have severe and constant pain in your chest, stomach, or back.Drug Interaction
Disease Interaction
Elimination Route
Half Life
Elimination Route
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use
Contraindication
Special Warning
Acute Overdose
Storage Condition
Innovators Monograph
FAQ
What is Ofloxa used to treat?
How safe is Ofloxa?
How does Ofloxa work?
What are the common side effects of Ofloxa?
Is Ofloxa safe during pregnancy?
Is Ofloxa safe during breastfeeding?
Can I drink alcohol with Ofloxa?
Can I drive after taking Ofloxa?
How long does Ofloxa take to work?
Can Ofloxa treat stomach pain?
How long does Ofloxa stay in the body?
Who should not take Ofloxa?
Can Ofloxa cause liver damage?
Can Ofloxa cause kidney problems?
Can Ofloxa raise blood sugar?
Can Ofloxa cause chest pain?
Does Ofloxa increase heart rate?
Is Ofloxa well tolerated?
Does Ofloxa cause insomnia?
Is Ofloxa an anti inflammatory?
Does Ofloxa cause thrombocytopenia?
Is it safe to take Ofloxa at night?
What happens if I miss a dose?
What happens if I overdose of Ofloxa?