OTO-Plus Ear Drop 5%+1%

OTO-Plus Ear Drop 5%+1% Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

Chloramphenicol inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 50s subunit of the bacterial ribosome, thus preventing peptide bond formation by peptidyl transferase. It has both bacteriostatic and bactericidal action against H. influenzae, N. meningitidis and S. pneumoniae.

Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that was derived from the bacterium Streptomyces venezuelae and is now produced synthetically. Chloramphenicol is effective against a wide variety of microorganisms, but due to serious side-effects (e.g., damage to the bone marrow, including aplastic anemia) in humans, it is usually reserved for the treatment of serious and life-threatening infections (e.g., typhoid fever). Chloramphenicol is bacteriostatic but may be bactericidal in high concentrations or when used against highly susceptible organisms. Chloramphenicol stops bacterial growth by binding to the bacterial ribosome (blocking peptidyl transferase) and inhibiting protein synthesis.

Trade Name OTO-Plus Ear Drop 5%+1%
Generic Chloramphenicol + Lidocaine Hydrochloride
Weight 5%+1%
Type Ear Drop
Therapeutic Class Aural Anti-bacterial preparations
Manufacturer Edruc Limited
Available Country Bangladesh
Last Updated: October 19, 2023 at 6:27 am
OTO-Plus Ear Drop 5%+1%
OTO-Plus Ear Drop 5%+1%

How OTO-Plus Ear Drop 5%+1% works

Chloramphenicol is lipid-soluble, allowing it to diffuse through the bacterial cell membrane. It then reversibly binds to the L16 protein of the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, where transfer of amino acids to growing peptide chains is prevented (perhaps by suppression of peptidyl transferase activity), thus inhibiting peptide bond formation and subsequent protein synthesis.

Dosage

OTO-Plus Ear Drop 5%+1% dosage

Otic/Aural Otitis externa: Instill 2-3 drops into the ear bid-tid.

Side Effects

Ototoxicity.

Toxicity

Oral, mouse: LD50 = 1500 mg/kg; Oral, rat: LD50 = 2500 mg/kg. Toxic reactions including fatalities have occurred in the premature and newborn; the signs and symptoms associated with these reactions have been referred to as the gray syndrome. Symptoms include (in order of appearance) abdominal distension with or without emesis, progressive pallid cyanosis, vasomotor collapse frequently accompanied by irregular respiration, and death within a few hours of onset of these symptoms.

Precaution

Avoid prolonged use. Discontinue immediately if local hypersensitivity reactions occur.

Interaction

Decreased effects of iron and vitamin B12 in anaemic patients. Phenobarbitone and rifampin reduce efficacy of chloramphenicol. Impairs the action of oral contraceptives.Potentially Fatal: Increases the effect of oral anticoagulants, oral hypoglycaemic agents, phenytoin. Avoid concomitant administration with drugs that depress bone marrow function.

Elimination Route

Rapidly and completely absorbed from gastrointestinal tract following oral administration (bioavailability 80%). Well absorbed following intramuscular administration (bioavailability 70%). Intraocular and some systemic absorption also occurs after topical application to the eye.

Half Life

Half-life in adults with normal hepatic and renal function is 1.5 - 3.5 hours. In patients with impaired renal function half-life is 3 - 4 hours. In patients with severely impaired hepatic function half-life is 4.6 - 11.6 hours. Half-life in children 1 month to 16 years old is 3 - 6.5 hours, while half-life in infants 1 to 2 days old is 24 hours or longer and is highly variable, especially in low birth-weight infants.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use

Pregnancy Category C & B. Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.Animal reproduction studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women OR Animal studies have shown an adverse effect, but adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus in any trimester.

Contraindication

History of hypersensitivity or toxic reaction to the drug; Perforated ear drum. Herpes simplex and other virul conditions of the eye or ear, mycosis.

Storage Condition

Cap/susp: Store at temp not exceeding 30°C.

Ophth/otic preparation: Store between 2-8°C. Do not freeze. Protect from light.

Innovators Monograph

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*** Taking medicines without doctor's advice can cause long-term problems.
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