Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup
Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup is the active laevo-isomer of tetramisole. It works by paralysing susceptible intestinal worms which are then excreted from the intestines. Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup also enhances cellular immune responses in humans.
Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup is a synthetic imidazothiazole derivative that has been widely used in treatment of worm infestations in both humans and animals. As an anthelmintic, it probably works by targeting the nematode nicotinergic acetylcholine receptor. As an immunomodulator, it appears that Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup is an immunostimulant which has been shown to increase NK cells and activated T-cells in patients receiving this adjuvantly along with 5FU for Stage III colon cancer.
| Trade Name | Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup |
| Availability | Discontinued |
| Generic | Levamisole |
| Levamisole Other Names | Levamisol, Levamisole, Levamisolum |
| Related Drugs | Keytruda, carboplatin, capecitabine, pembrolizumab, fluorouracil, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, Avastin, Xeloda, vincristine |
| Weight | 40 mg/5 ml |
| Type | Syrup |
| Formula | C11H12N2S |
| Weight | Average: 204.291 Monoisotopic: 204.072119084 |
| Protein binding | 20-25% |
| Groups | Approved, Investigational, Vet approved, Withdrawn |
| Therapeutic Class | Anti-helminthic |
| Manufacturer | Pharmik Laboratories Ltd. |
| Available Country | Bangladesh |
| Last Updated: | September 24, 2024 at 5:38 am |
Uses
Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup is a fast acting drug which acts on nematode nerve ganglia paralysing the worm’s musculature within seconds of contact. Unable to maintain their position, the worms are then ejected by normal peristaltic movement, usually within 24 hours of levamisole administration. Although it is certain that levamisole primarily influences the neuromuscular system of nematodes, it is possible that in some helminthes the inhibition of the fumarate reductase system contributes to the anthelmintic efficacy of levamisole. Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup is used for the treatment of infections by the following gastrointestinal wormspecies:
- Ascaris lumbricoides: Roundworm
- Necator americanus: Hookworm
- Ancylostoma duodenal: Hookworm
- E nterobius vermicularis: Pinworm
- Trichuris trichuria: Whipworm
- Strongyloides stercoralis: Threadworm
- Trichostrongylus colubriformis
Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Adenocarcinoma of Colon, Ancylostoma duodenale infection, Ascaris lumbricoides infection, Carcinoma, Colorectal, Enterobius vermicularis infection, Necatoriasis due to necator americanus, Strongyloides Stercoralis Infection, Trichuris Infection
How Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup works
The mechanism of action of levamisole as an antiparasitic agent appears to be tied to its agnositic activity towards the L-subtype nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in nematode muscles. This agonistic action reduces the capacity of the males to control their reproductive muscles and limits their ability to copulate. The mechanism of action of Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup as an anticancer drug in combination with fluorouracil is unknown. The effects of levamisole on the immune system are complex. The drug appears to restore depressed immune function rather than to stimulate response to above-normal levels. Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup can stimulate formation of antibodies to various antigens, enhance T-cell responses by stimulating T-cell activation and proliferation, potentiate monocyte and macrophage functions including phagocytosis and chemotaxis, and increase neutrophil mobility, adherence, and chemotaxis.
Dosage
Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup dosage
The following doses of Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup are given as a single administration, preferably after a light meal.
- Age 1-4 year: 1 Tablets or5 mlSyrup
- Age 5-15 year: 2 Tablets or10 mlSyrup
- Age 16year and over: 3 Tablets or 15 mlSyrup
In cases of severe hookworm infection it is suggested that a second standard dose be given one or seven days after the first, whichever timing is feasible.
Side Effects
Side-effects are infrequent. They are usually mild and transient and include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, giddiness(dizziness) and headache. An encephalopathylike syndrome has been reported to have occurred in a few patients two or three weeks after treatment.
Toxicity
LD50 = 40 mg/kg (Pigs, subcutaneous); LD50 = 180 mg/kg (rat, oral)
Precaution
Effect on ability to drive or operate machinery: There is no evidence to suggest that Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup , used for anthelmintic purpose, will produce sedation. Mild and transient giddiness is an infrequent side-effect of treatment. No precautions are suggested concerning the ability to drive or operate machinery.
In case of concurrent microfilaraemia transient fever may occur.
Interaction
May increase toxicity of phenytoin. Increases bioavailability of ivermectin; decreases bioavailability of albendazole. Alcohol causes disulfiram-like reaction.
Food Interaction
- Take on an empty stomach.
Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup Alcohol interaction
[Moderate] GENERALLY AVOID:
Case histories have suggested that levamisole is associated with some side effects (including headache, fever, shivers, and dizziness) that suggest an disulfiram-like interaction with alcohol.
These side effects could be alleviated by total abstinence from alcohol.
No mechanism has been established for this interaction.
Patients receiving levamisole should avoid alcohol.
Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup Drug Interaction
Unknown: 5-hydroxytryptophan, charcoal, acetaminophen, aspirin, diphenhydramine, sucralfate, loratadine, dehydroepiandrosterone, diltiazem, doxycycline, multivitamin with iron, multivitamin, lysine, levothyroxine, atropine / diphenoxylate, metoprolol, acetaminophen, bioflavonoids, quetiapine, itraconazole
Elimination Route
Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup is rapidly absorbed (2 hours) from the gastrointestinal tract.
Half Life
4.4-5.6 hours (biphasic)
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use
Although studies in animals have shown that Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup produces no teratogenic effects, current medical practice requires that the benefits of any drug used during pregnancy should be weighed against the possible dangers.
Contraindication
There is no absolute contra-indication to the use of Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup
Acute Overdose
Counter possible anticholinesterase activity with e.g. atropine. Control blood pressure and respiration . Do not use sedatives.
Storage Condition
Tablet: Store in room temperature and protect from moisture.
Syrup: Store in room temperature and protect from light.
Innovators Monograph
You find simplified version here Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup
FAQ
What is Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup used for?
Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup is a medication used to treat parasitic worm infections, specifically ascariasis and hookworm infections. Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup is an immunomodulatory agent that was used to treat various cancers before being withdrawn from the United States market in 2000 because of adverse effects.
Is Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup safe for humans?
Although not available for human use, Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup remains widely used in veterinary medicine for treating worms in livestock and domesticated animals. The Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup can cause agranulocytosis, as well as vasculitis, which prompted the FDA ban on human use.
Is Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup toxic?
Toxicity of Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup is generally described as mild with nausea, diarrhea, and leukopenia being the most significant adverse effects with fatigue, dermatitis, and stomatitis also seen.
How does Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup work?
Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup works by suppressing the enzyme activity in the muscle of the worm, causing paralysis and death.
What are the common side effects of Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup?
- Metallic taste
- Nausea Anxiety or nervousness
- Dizziness
- Headache
- Mental depression
- Nightmares
- Pain in joints or muscles
- Skin rash or itching
- Trouble in sleeping
- Unusual tiredness or sleepiness
- Vomiting
- Blurred vision
- Confusion
- Convulsions (seizures)
- Lip-smacking or puffing
- Numbness, tingling, or pain in the face, hands, or feet
- Paranoia (feelings of persecution)
- Puffing of cheeks
- Rapid or worm-like movements of the tongue
- Trembling or shaking
- Trouble in walking
- Uncontrolled movements of arms and legs
Common side effects of Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup are include:
Is Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup safe during pregnancy?
Animal studies have revealed evidence of embryotoxicity. There are no controlled data in human pregnancy. Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup should only be given during pregnancy when benefit outweighs risk.
Is Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup safe during breastfeeding?
The World Health Organization recommends against breastfeeding with maternal Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup therapy.
Can I drink alcohol with Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup?
You should avoid drinking alcohol, it can increase some of the side effects of Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup. This can cause nausea, dizziness, vomiting, and upset stomach. It is important to tell your doctor about all other medications you use, including vitamins and herbs.
Can I drive after taking Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup?
Some people may feel dizzy or tired while taking this medicine. Do not drive unless you are feeling well.
How do I take Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup?
Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup has been prescribed to treat a variety of parasitic worm infections. It ought to be taken with food. Do not crush or chew or break the tablet. Swallow the whole thing with a full glass of wate.
How much Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup should I take?
The recommended dose is 150mg/day, in 3 equally divided doses, by mouth for 3 days. Maintenance- three-day course every two weeks for a year.
How long does it take Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup to work?
Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and metabolized in the liver. Its time to peak plasma concentration is 1.5–2 hours.
How long does Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup stay in my system?
The plasma elimination half-life is fairly quick at 3–4 hours which can contribute to not detecting Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup intoxication. The metabolite half-life is 16 hours. Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup excretion is primarily through the kidneys, with about 70% being excreted over 3 days.
Can I take Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup for a long time?
Do not take more or less of it, and do not take it more often than your doctor ordered. The exact amount of medicine you need has been carefully worked out.
How much Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup should I take?
Maintenance- three-day course every two weeks for a year.
Who should not take Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup?
Patients who have a reported allergy to any of the other ingredients in Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup should stop taking it. In addition, patients with asthma should avoid using Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup.
What happens if I miss a dose?
If you miss a dose of Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Call your doctor or pharmacist for instructions.
What happen if I take too much Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup?
Taking too much may increase the chance of side effects, while taking too little may not improve your condition. If you vomit shortly after taking a dose of Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup, check with your doctor. You will be told whether to take the dose again or to wait until the next scheduled dose.
Can Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup affects my heart?
With a view to cardiac function, Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup can cause right heart failure. Furthermore, effects on heart rate have been observed including severe bradycardia, tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation, as well as cardiac dysrhythmias.
Can Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup affect my kidney?
Ovanil 40 mg/5 ml Syrup laced Cocaine Led to ANCA Vasculitis and Kidney Damage.
