Oxymetholon

Uses

Oxymetholon is an anabolic steroid used for the treatment of types of anemia, such as acquired aplastic anemia, congenital aplastic anemia, myelofibrosis, and the hypoplastic anemias.

Indicated in the treatment of anemias caused by deficient red cell production. Acquired aplastic anemia, congenital aplastic anemia, myelofibrosis and the hypoplastic anemias due to the administration of myelotoxic drugs often respond. Oxymetholon should not replace other supportive measures such as transfusion, correction of iron, folic acid, vitamin B12 or pyridoxine deficiency, antibacterial therapy and the appropriate use of corticosteroids.

Oxymetholon is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Acquired Aplastic Anemia, Agnogenic Myeloid Metaplasia, Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia, Congenital aplastic anaemia

How Oxymetholon works

Oxymethalone is a 17 alpha-alkylated anabolic-androgenic steroid and a synthetic derivative of testosterone, whose anabolic effects are used to treat muscle wasting in HIV patients. The effects of testosterone in humans and other vertebrates occur by way of two main mechanisms: by activation of the androgen receptor (directly or as DHT), and by conversion to estradiol and activation of certain estrogen receptors. Free testosterone (T) is transported into the cytoplasm of target tissue cells, where it can bind to the androgen receptor, or can be reduced to 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by the cytoplasmic enzyme 5α-reductase. DHT binds to the same androgen receptor even more strongly than T, so that its androgenic potency is about 2.5 times that of T. The T-receptor or DHT-receptor complex undergoes a structural change that allows it to move into the cell nucleus and bind directly to specific nucleotide sequences of the chromosomal DNA. The areas of binding are called hormone response elements (HREs), and influence transcriptional activity of certain genes, producing the androgen effects.

Toxicity

May cause cancer. The uncontrolled misuse of oxymetholone can lead to a large variety of detrimental effects, the most often reported of which are cardiovascular events.

Food Interaction

Oxymetholon Cholesterol interaction

[Major] Androgenic anabolic steroids may adversely affect serum lipids, including lowering HDL and elevating LDL levels.

These changes can be marked, particularly with the 17-alpha-alkyl derivatives (i.e., fluoxymesterone, methyltestosterone, oxandrolone, oxymetholone, and stanozolol), and may significantly impact the risk of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease.

Patients with preexisting hyperlipoproteinemia may require closer monitoring during therapy with androgenic agents, and adjustments made accordingly in their lipid-lowering regimen.

Androgen therapy should be administered cautiously in patients with coronary artery disease or a history of ischemic heart disease.

Oxymetholon Drug Interaction

Major: warfarin, warfarinUnknown: amphetamine / dextroamphetamine, amphetamine / dextroamphetamine, zolpidem, zolpidem, tadalafil, tadalafil, methylphenidate, methylphenidate, clonazepam, clonazepam, escitalopram, escitalopram, carisoprodol, carisoprodol, sildenafil, sildenafil, alprazolam, alprazolam

Oxymetholon Disease Interaction

Major: carcinoma (male), fluid retention, hypercalcemia in breast cancer, hyperlipoproteinemia, liver disease, polycythemia, suppression of clotting factorsModerate: diabetes, hypercalcemiaMinor: thyroid function tests

Innovators Monograph

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