Piocaine
Piocaine Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Piocaine hydrochloride is a local anesthetic given by injection during surgical procedures and labor and delivery. Piocaine, like other local anesthetics, blocks the generation and the conduction of nerve impulses, presumably by increasing the threshold for electrical excitation in the nerve, by slowing the propagation of the nerve impulse and by reducing the rate of rise of the action potential.
Piocaine is an ester type anesthetic agent indicated for production of local or regional anesthesia, particularly for oral surgery. Piocaine (like cocaine) has the advantage of constricting blood vessels which reduces bleeding, unlike other local anesthetics like lidocaine.
| Trade Name | Piocaine |
| Availability | Prescription only |
| Generic | Chloroprocaine |
| Chloroprocaine Other Names | Chloroprocain, Chloroprocaine, Chloroprocainum, Chlorprocaine, Cloroprocaina |
| Related Drugs | lidocaine ophthalmic, cocaine nasal, bupivacaine |
| Type | |
| Formula | C13H19ClN2O2 |
| Weight | Average: 270.755 Monoisotopic: 270.113505569 |
| Groups | Approved |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Piocaine is a local anesthetic agent indicated for intrathecal injection in adults for the production of subarachnoid block, or spinal anesthesia.
For the production of local anesthesia by infiltration and peripheral nerve block. They are not to be used for lumbar or caudal epidural anesthesia.
Piocaine is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Axillary nerve block therapy, Infiltration anesthesia therapy, Spinal Anaesthesia, Caudal epidural block, Local anesthesia therapy, Lumbar epidural anesthesia
How Piocaine works
Piocaine acts mainly by inhibiting sodium influx through voltage gated sodium channels in the neuronal cell membrane of peripheral nerves. When the influx of sodium is interrupted, an action potential cannot arise and signal conduction is thus inhibited. The receptor site is thought to be located at the cytoplasmic (inner) portion of the sodium channel. It is hypothesized that Piocaine binds or antagonizes the function of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors as well as nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and the serotonin receptor-ion channel complex.
Toxicity
In mice, the intravenous LD50 of chloroprocaine HCl is 97 mg/kg and the subcutaneous LD50 of chloroprocaine HCl is 950 mg/kg.
Food Interaction
No interactions found.Piocaine Hypertension interaction
[Major] Lumbar and caudal epidural anesthesia should be used with extreme caution in persons with neurological disease, spinal deformities, septicemia, and severe hypertension.
Hypertension interaction[Moderate] Local anesthetic injections containing a vasoconstrictor should be used cautiously and in carefully circumscribed quantities in areas of the body supplied by end arteries or having otherwise compromised blood supply.
Patients with peripheral vascular disease and those with hypertensive vascular disease may exhibit exaggerated vasoconstrictor response.
Ischemic injury or necrosis may result.
Caution is advised.
Piocaine Drug Interaction
Moderate: lorazepam, lorazepamUnknown: aripiprazole, aripiprazole, onabotulinumtoxinA, onabotulinumtoxinA, multivitamin with minerals, multivitamin with minerals, betamethasone, betamethasone, dinoprostone topical, dinoprostone topical, methylcellulose, methylcellulose, clotrimazole topical, clotrimazole topical, ubiquinone, ubiquinone, docusate, docusate
Piocaine Disease Interaction
Major: neuro/spinalModerate: CV disease, hypertensive vascular disease, hypotension, liver impairment, methemoglobinemia, renal impairment
Elimination Route
The rate of systemic absorption of local anesthetic drugs is dependent upon the total dose and concentration of drug administered, the route of administration, the vascularity of the administration site, and the presence or absence of epinephrine in the anesthetic injection.
Half Life
21 +/- 2 seconds
Elimination Route
Piocaine is rapidly metabolized in plasma by hydrolysis of the ester linkage by pseudocholinesterase. Urinary excretion is affected by urinary perfusion and factors affecting urinary pH.
Innovators Monograph
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