Promac-D
Promac-D Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Promac-D is a chelated form of zinc and L-carnosine. It is a zinc-related medicine approved for the first time in Japan, which has been clinically used to treat gastric ulcers . It was determined that polaprezinc may be effective in pressure ulcer treatment . A study in 2013 showed that CO-administration of polaprezinc may be effective against small intestine mucosal injury associated with long-term aspirin therapy .
Used to treat/manage peptic ulcer disease or irritation of the gastrointestinal tract by promoting tissue healing by the elimination of free radicals .
| Trade Name | Promac-D |
| Generic | Polaprezinc |
| Polaprezinc Other Names | Polaprezinc |
| Type | |
| Formula | C9H12N4O3Zn |
| Weight | Average: 289.6 Monoisotopic: 288.020082 |
| Protein binding | It has been observed that a diet heavy in proteins accelerates the absorption of zinc , implying that amino acids with low molecular weight may carry zinc into the circulatory system via complexation. |
| Groups | Experimental |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Peptic ulcer disease, dyspepsia .
How Promac-D works
Promac-D increases the expression of various antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD-1), SOD-2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), peroxidredoxin-1 (PRDX1; PRXI) and PRXD5 (PRXV).
This process occurs in the gastric mucosa, defending mucosal cells against reactive oxygen species. This drug inhibits the activity of the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB) and decreases the expression of various inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL) 1beta, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a).
Promac-D also promotes the expression of numerous growth factors, including as platelet-derived growth factor-B (PDGF-B), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and nerve growth factor (NGF), in addition to various heat shock proteins (HSPs), including HSP90, HSP70, HSP60, HSP47, HSP27, and HSP10. This process promotes tissue growth and protects against damage the gastric mucosa .
Toxicity
Copper deficiency can occur because polaprezinc contains zinc, which inhibits copper absorption. Pancytopenia and anemia, associated with copper deficiency, have been noted in patients with malnutrition . Precautions should be taken to monitor for symptoms of pancytopenia and anemia, especially in patients with poor nutrition. The toxic effects of high polaprezinc dosage were studied in dogs. In the studies, dosages of 50 mg/kg/day and higher resulted in vomiting, diarrhea and hypersalivation, reduced appetite and reduction in body weight gain for females administered high doses. In addition, increased alkaline phosphatase (marker of hepatic damage) and decreased urinary specific gravity (suggestive of renal damage), and pathological tissue changes in the kidney of the high dosed dogs of both genders were noted. These changes resolved upon completing a period of drug withdrawal .
Elimination Route
Intestinal absorption of L-CAZ was studied in rats by Sano et al. using 14C- and 65Zn-labeled compounds. They suggested that L-CAZ dissociates to its components, L-carnosine and zinc, during intestinal absorption .
Half Life
The half-life of polaprezinc has been studied in rats and found to be approximately 2 hours .
Elimination Route
Intestinal absorption of the drug was examined using 14C- and 65Zn-labeled compounds. Promac-D metabolizes into its components, L-carnosine and zinc, during intestinal absorption. It was found that the excretion rates after one administration using 14C-labeled L-CAZ to rats were 4.1% in urine, 13.3% in feces, and 38.8% in exhalation. The study using 65Zn-labeled Paleprozinc were 0.3% in urine and 85.0% in the feces. The absorption rate of zinc is estimated to be approximately 11% .
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