Promazinum
Promazinum Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
A phenothiazine with actions similar to chlorpromazine but with less antipsychotic activity. It is primarily used in short-term treatment of disturbed behavior and as an antiemetic. It is currently not approved for use in the United States.
Promazinum belongs to a group of medications known as the phenothiazine antipsychotics. It acts by blocking a variety of receptors in the brain, particularly dopamine receptors. Dopamine is involved in transmitting signals between brain cells. When there is an excess amount of dopamine in the brain it causes over-stimulation of dopamine receptors. These receptors normally act to modify behaviour and over-stimulation may result in psychotic illness. Promazinum hydrochloride blocks these receptors and stops them becoming over-stimulated, thereby helping to control psychotic illness. Promazinum has weak extrapyramidal and autonomic side effects which lead to its use in the elderly, for restless or psychotic patients. Its anti-psychotic effect is also weaker and it is not useful in general psychiatry.
| Trade Name | Promazinum |
| Availability | Discontinued |
| Generic | Promazine |
| Promazine Other Names | Promazin, Promazina, Promazine, Promazinum |
| Related Drugs | quetiapine, Abilify, Seroquel, aripiprazole, olanzapine, risperidone, haloperidol, prochlorperazine, Haldol, Compazine |
| Type | |
| Formula | C17H20N2S |
| Weight | Average: 284.419 Monoisotopic: 284.13471934 |
| Protein binding | 94% |
| Groups | Approved, Vet approved |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Promazinum is a phenothiazine used to manage schizophrenia.
Used as an adjunct for short term treatment of moderate and severe psychomotor agitation. Also used to treat agitation or restlessness in the elderly.
Promazinum is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Psychomotor Agitation, Psychosis, Schizophrenia, Violent Aggressive Behavior
How Promazinum works
Promazinum is an antagonist at types 1, 2, and 4 dopamine receptors, 5-HT receptor types 2A and 2C, muscarinic receptors 1 through 5, alpha(1)-receptors, and histamine H1-receptors. Promazinum's antipsychotic effect is due to antagonism at dopamine and serotonin type 2 receptors, with greater activity at serotonin 5-HT2 receptors than at dopamine type-2 receptors. This may explain the lack of extrapyramidal effects. Promazinum does not appear to block dopamine within the tubero-infundibular tract, explaining the lower incidence of hyperprolactinemia than with typical antipsychotic agents or risperidone. Antagonism at muscarinic receptors, H1-receptors, and alpha(1)-receptors also occurs with promazine.
Toxicity
Side effects include: extrapyramidal symptoms, drowsiness, weight gain, dry mouth, constipation, endocrine effects (such as gynaecomastia and menstrual disturbance), sensitivity to sunlight and haemolytic anaemia.
Promazinum Alcohol interaction
[Moderate] GENERALLY AVOID:
Concurrent use of ethanol and phenothiazines may result in additive CNS depression and psychomotor impairment.
Also, ethanol may precipitate dystonic reactions in patients who are taking phenothiazines.
The two drugs probably act on different sites in the brain, although the exact mechanism of the interaction is not known.
Patients should be advised to avoid alcohol during phenothiazine therapy.
Promazinum Drug Interaction
Major: moxifloxacin, buprenorphine, fentanylModerate: aripiprazole, charcoal, zolpidem, hydralazine, loperamide, lithium, gabapentin, valproic acid, sertralineMinor: sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprimUnknown: benzocaine topical, multivitamin with minerals, ubiquinone, acetaminophen, thiamine, cyanocobalamin, cholecalciferol
Promazinum Disease Interaction
Major: dementia, acute alcohol intoxication, cardiovascular disease, CNS depression, head injuryModerate: anticholinergic effects, breast cancer, dystonic reactions, hematologic toxicity, liver disease, NMS, parkinsonism, renal dysfunction, respiratory disorders, seizure disorders, tardive dyskinesia
Elimination Route
Absorption may be erratic and peak plasma concentrations show large interindividual differences.
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