Pyrethrum extract and piperonyl butoxide
Pyrethrum extract and piperonyl butoxide Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) is an organic compound used as a component of pesticide formulations. It is used for the treatment of head, pubic (crab), and body lice. Piperonyl butoxide is a synergist. It has no pesticidal activity of its own, but acts to increase the activity of pesticides such as carbamates, pyrethrins, pyrethroids, and rotenone. Piperonyl butoxide is a semisynthetic derivative of safrole.
Piperonyl butoxide does not affect the mixed-function oxidase system in humans. In small trials in human volunteers, usual doses of piperonyl butoxide had no effect on humans.
| Trade Name | Pyrethrum extract and piperonyl butoxide |
| Generic | Piperonyl butoxide + pyrethrins |
| Type | Topical |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | United States |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Piperonyl butoxide is a pesticide used as a potentiator ingredient in the treatment of pediculosis (head lice, body lice or crabs) to boost efficacy of treatment.
For the treatment of head, pubic (crab), and body lice.
Pyrethrum extract and piperonyl butoxide is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Head Lice Infestation, Lice of the body, Lice of the pubic area
How Pyrethrum extract and piperonyl butoxide works
Piperonyl butoxide is not a pesticide, but acts as a synergist to increase the activity of pesticides such as carbamates, pyrethrins, pyrethroids, and rotenone. Piperonyl butoxide inhibits the mixed-function oxidase (MFO) system of an insect. The MFO system is the insects natural defense system and causes the oxidative breakdown of insecticides. Thus, by inhibiting this system piperonyl butoxide promotes higher levels of insecticide and allows for lower doses to be used for a lethal effect.
Toxicity
The acute oral LD50 for rats is 4,570 to 12,800 mg/kg and 2,700 to 5,300 mg/kg for rabbits. It is low to very low in toxicity when ingested by mammals.
Volume of Distribution
Piperonyl butoxide is minimally absorbed in humans. Volume of distribution has not been studied.
Elimination Route
Piperonyl butoxide is applied topically. In a study evaluating the 7-day urinary accumulation of piperonyl butoxide after topical application, it was found that approximately 2% of the dose was absorbed through the skin. The percutaneous absorption when applied to the scalp was found to be 8.3%.
Half Life
32 hours.
Clearance
Clearance of piperonyl butoxide has not been studied.
Elimination Route
In an absorption study in human volunteers, it was found that, if absorbed, piperonyl butoxide was eliminated in urine.
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