Reactine (Cetirizine hydrochloride_Pseudoephedrine)

Reactine (Cetirizine hydrochloride_Pseudoephedrine) Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

Pseudoephedrine is structurally related to ephedrine but exerts a weaker effect on the sympathetic nervous system. Both drugs naturally occur in in ephedra plant which have a history of use in traditional Eastern medicine and were first researched in the west in 1889. The decongestant effect of pseudoephedrine was described in dogs in 1927.

Pseudoephedrine causes vasoconstriction which leads to a decongestant effect. It has a short duration of action unless formulated as an extended release product. Patients should be counselled regarding the risk of central nervous system stimulation.

Trade Name Reactine (Cetirizine hydrochloride_Pseudoephedrine)
Generic Cetirizine Hydrochloride + Pseudoephedrine
Type
Therapeutic Class
Manufacturer
Available Country Italy
Last Updated: September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am
Reactine (Cetirizine hydrochloride_Pseudoephedrine)
Reactine (Cetirizine hydrochloride_Pseudoephedrine)

How Reactine (Cetirizine hydrochloride_Pseudoephedrine) works

Pseudoephedrine acts mainly as an agonist of alpha adrenergic receptors and less strongly as an agonist of beta adrenergic receptors.[A10896] This agonism of adrenergic receptors produces vasoconstriction which is used as a decongestant and as a treatment of priapism. Pseudoephedrine is also an inhibitor of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin transporters.

The sympathomimetic effects of pseudoephedrine include an increase in mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and chronotropic response of the right atria. Pseudoephedrine is also a partial agonist of the anococcygeal muscle. Pseudoephedrine also inhibits NF-kappa-B, NFAT, and AP-1.

Toxicity

The oral LD50 of pseudoephedrine is 2206mg/kg in rats and 726mg/kg in mice.

Patients experiencing an overdose of pseudoephedrine may present with giddiness, headache, nausea, vomiting, sweating, thirst, tachycardia, precordial pain, palpitations, difficulty urinating, muscle weakness, muscle tension, anxiety, restlessness, insomnia, toxic psychosis, cardiac arrhythmias, circulatory collapse, convulsions, coma, and respiratory failure. Treat overdose with symptomatic and supportive treatment including removal of unabsorbed drug.

Volume of Distribution

The apparent volume of distribution of pseudoephedrin is 2.6-3.3L/kg.

Elimination Route

A 240mg oral dose of pseudoephedrine reaches a Cmax of 246.3±10.5ng/mL fed and 272.5±13.4ng/mL fasted, with a Tmax of 6.60±1.38h fed and 11.87±0.72h fasted, with an AUC of 6862.0±334.1ng*h/mL fed and 7535.1±333.0ng*h/mL fasted.

Half Life

The mean elimination half life of pseudoephedrine is 6.0h.

Clearance

A 60mg oral dose of pseudoephedrine has a clearance of 5.9±1.7mL/min/kg.

Elimination Route

55-75% of an oral dose is detected in the urine as unchanged pseudoephedrine.

Innovators Monograph

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*** Taking medicines without doctor's advice can cause long-term problems.
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