Redoxy L
Redoxy L Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Doxycycline inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit. It has bacteriostatic activity against a broad range of gm+ve and gm-ve bacteria.
The tetracyclines, including doxycycline, are mainly bacteriostatic and are thought to exert antimicrobial effects by the inhibition of protein synthesis. Bacteriostatic antibiotics suppress the growth of bacteria, or keep them in the stationary phase of growth . The tetracyclines, including doxycycline, have a similar antimicrobial spectrum of activity against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, treating numerous infectious diseases. Cross-resistance of these microorganisms to tetracyclines is a common occurrence . Doxycycline shows favorable intra-cellular penetration, with bacteriostatic activity on a wide range of bacteria . Doxycycline has antiparasitic effects , , . In addition to the above effects, this drug has demonstrated anti-inflammatory actions, which may help to manage inflammatory conditions such as rosacea .
A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed) Sodium lactate is the sodium salt of lactic acid, and has a mild saline taste. It is produced by fermentation of a sugar source, such as corn or beets, and then, by neutralizing the resulting lactic acid to create a compound having the formula NaC3H5O3.
Lactic acid was one of active ingredients in Phexxi, a non-hormonal contraceptive agent that was approved by the FDA on May 2020.
Lactic acid produces a metabolic alkalinizing effect.
Trade Name | Redoxy L |
Generic | Doxycycline + Lactic Acid |
Weight | 100mg |
Type | Tablet |
Therapeutic Class | |
Manufacturer | Acme Pharmaceuticals |
Available Country | India |
Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
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Uses
Doxycycline has a very wide spectrum of activities and has been used in the treatment of a large number of infections caused by susceptible organisms.
Respiratory tract infections: Pneumonia, influenza, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, bronchitis, sinusitis, otitis media and other streptococcal and staphylococcal infections where tetracycline resistance is not a problem.
Genitourinary tract infections: Pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, gonorrhea, epididymitis, syphilis, chancroid and granuloma inguinale.
Chlamydia: Lymphogranuloma venereum, psittacosis, trachoma.
Intestinal diseases: Whipples disease, tropical sprue, blind loop syndrome.
In acute intestinal amoebiasis: Doxycycline may be a useful adjunct to amoebicides.
Bacillary infections: Brucellosis, tularemia, cholera, travelers diarrhea
Acne: Acne vulgaris, acne conglobata and other forms of acne.
Other infections: Actinomycosis, yaws, relapsing fever, leptospirosis, typhus, rickettsial pox and Q fever, Cellulitis furunculosis, abscess and infections caused by Mycobacterium marinum, Bordetella pertussis and Bacillus anthracis.
Lactic acid is an emollient and keratolytic used agent in various cosmetic products and used as an additive in various pharmaceutical products for its antibacterial properties.
For use as an alkalinizing agent.
Redoxy L is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Acinetobacter infection, Acne Rosacea, Actinomycosis, Acute epididymo-orchitis caused by Chlamydia Trachomatis, Anal chlamydia infection, Bacterial Infection caused by Enterobacter aerogenes, Bartonellosis, Brucellosis, Campylobacter Infection, Chancroid, Chlamydial Urethritis, Chlamydial cervicitis, Cholera, Clostridium Infections, Epididymo-orchitis gonococcal, Gonorrhea, Granuloma Inguinale, Infection Due to Escherichia Coli, Intestinal Amebiasis, Listeria infection, Lymphogranuloma Venereum, Necrotizing ulcerative gingivostomatitis, Plague, Plasmodium Infections, Primary Syphilis, Psittacosis, Q Fever, Rectal infection, Rectal infection caused by Chlamydia Trachomatis, Recurring fever caused by Borrelia recurrentis, Relapsing fever caused by Borrelia recurrentis, Respiratory Tract Infections (RTI), Rickettsialpox, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, Secondary Syphilis, Severe Acne, Shigella Infection, Skin Infections, Tick-borne fever, Trachoma, Trachoma inclusion conjunctivitis, Tularemia, Typhus Fever, Upper Respiratory Tract Infection, Ureaplasma urethritis, Urinary Tract Infection, Yaws, Inhaled anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracisCorns, Dehydration, Fluid Loss, Hyperkeratosis, Lichenification, Shock, Hypovolemic, Vasoplegic Shock, Warts, Mild Metabolic acidosis, Mild, moderate Metabolic Acidosis, Moderate Metabolic acidosis, Chemical contraception, Electrolyte replacement, Fluid replacement therapy, Parenteral Nutrition, Peritoneal dialysis therapy, Urine alkalinization therapy
How Redoxy L works
In bacterial replication, an interaction that is important for translation initiation of proteins occurs at the 3′ end of the 16S rRNA, found on the ribosome on the 30S subunit , , . The 30S subunit is the smaller subunit of the ribosome of prokaryotes, including bacteria.
Tetracyclines such as doxycycline are thought to inhibit translation by binding to the 16S rRNA portion of the ribosome , preventing binding of tRNA to the RNA-30S bacterial ribosomal subunit, which is necessary for the delivery of amino acids for protein synthesis. As a result of the above actions, the initiation of protein synthesis by polyribosome formation is blocked. This stops the replication of bacteria and produces a bacteriostatic effect .
Lactate ions are metabolized ultimately to carbon dioxide and water, which requires the consumption of hydrogen cations.
Dosage
Redoxy L dosage
Oral-
Susceptible infections:
- 200 mg on day 1 as a single or in divided doses, followed by 100 mg once daily. Severe infections: Maintain initial dose throughout the course of treatment.
Relapsing fever and louse-borne typhus:
- 100 or 200 mg as a single dose.
Prophylaxis of scrub typhus:
- 200 mg as a single dose.
Uncomplicated gonorrhoea:
- 100 mg bid for 7 days or a single dose of 300 mg followed by a 2nd similar dose 1 hr later.
Syphilis:
- 100-200 mg bid for at least 14 days.
Acne:
- 50 mg daily for 6-12 wk.
Chloroquine resistant falciparum malaria acute attack:
- 200 mg daily for at least 7 days, w/ or after treatment w/ quinine.
Treatment and postexposure prophylaxis of inhalation anthrax:
- 100 mg bid, to complete a 60-day course after treatment w/ 1-2 other antibacterials.
Prophylaxis of chloroquine-resistant malaria:
- 100 mg daily for up to 2 yr.
Topical/Cutaneous-
Periodontitis:
- As 10% controlled-release subgingival preparation: Inject the contents of the syringe into the periodontal pocket, may be repeated 4 mth after initial treatment.
Intravenous-
Susceptible infections: 200 mg on day 1 followed by 100-200 mg daily depending on the severity of infection.
Side Effects
Gastrointestinal disterbances,eg. anorexia, vomiting, dysentry etc. overgrowth of resistant organisms may cause Glossitis, Stomatitis, or Staphylococcal enterocolitis; Apart from these skin rashes, purpura may occur. Photosensitivity and dermatological reactions are rare.
Toxicity
There are various precautions to be undertaken while doxycyline is administered . A full list of adverse events is included in the "Adverse Effects" section of this drug entry.
A note on tooth development and tetracycline use
The use of tetracyclines, including doxycycline, during tooth development (i.e. the last half of pregnancy, throughout infancy, and in childhood up to 8 years of age) may lead to tooth enamel hypoplasia and yellow-gray discoloration of teeth. It is advisable not to administer doxycycline in this age group according to the FDA label, except for in cases of post-exposure cases of anthrax (including inhalational anthrax) . Other sources state that doxycycline should not be administered in children under 12 years .
A note on Clostridium difficile Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) and antibiotic associated pseudomembranous colitis may result from doxycycline use. Administering antibacterial agents changes the normal flora of the colon leading to an overgrowth of C. difficile. This bacteria produces toxins A and B, which contribute to the development of CDAD . in moderate to severe cases, therapy with a suitable oral antibacterial agent effective against Clostridium difficile should be considered. Fluids, electrolytes and protein replacement should be provided when warranted .
A note on gastrointestinal irritation Gastrointestinal irritation may also occur. Rarely, esophagitis and esophageal ulcers have been reported in patients receiving doxycycline. Most of these patients took medication immediately before going to bed. Administration of appropriate amounts of fluid with the tablets is recommended to reduce the risk of esophageal irritation and ulceration, and late evening ingestion of the dose should be avoided . To decrease the risk of gastric irritation, it is recommended that doxycycline is taken with food or milk. The absorption of doxycycline is not significantly influenced by simultaneous ingestion of food or milk .
Pregnancy Results of animal research indicate that tetracyclines cross the placenta, are found in fetal tissues and exert toxic effects on the developing fetus, manifested by retardation of skeletal development. The importance of this in humans is not known, however, doxycycline should not be used in pregnant women unless the benefit significantly outweighs the risk .
Carcinogenicity In vivo studies conducted in rats and mice have not provided conclusive evidence that tetracyclines may be carcinogenic or that they affect fertility. In two mammalian cell lines, positive tests for mutagenicity occurred at concentrations of 60 and 10 mcg/ml respectively. In humans, no association between tetracyclines and these effects have been established .
Precaution
During development of teeth (last trimester of pregnency, upto 12 yrs of age) the use of tetracyclines may lead to discoloration of teeth. So tetracyclines should not be administered during these periods
Interaction
Should not be taken with antacids, milk, other alkalis e.g. calcium, magnesium and iron, penicillin, anticoagulants, anti-diabetic agents, anticonvulsants and enzyme inducing drugs.
Volume of Distribution
Doxycycline diffuses readily into most body tissues, fluid and/or cavities and the volume of distribution has been measured as 0.7 L/kg .
Elimination Route
Tetracyclines, such as doxycycline, are readily absorbed and are bound to plasma proteins by varying degrees. Doxycycline is almost completely absorbed after oral administration. This drug is highly lipid soluble and has a low affinity for calcium binding . Absorption is not significantly affected by the concomitant ingestion of food or milk . Peak serum levels of approximately 2.6 mcg/ml are reached at 2 hours following a 200 mg tablet oral dose .
Half Life
16.33 hr (± 4.53 sd) .
Clearance
The excretion of doxycycline by the kidney is about 40% over 72 hours in individuals with normal kidney function (creatinine clearance approximately 75 mL/min). This rate may fall as low as 1-5% over 72 hours in individuals with severe renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance below 10 mL/min). Some clinical studies have shown no major difference in serum half-life of doxycycline (range 18-22 hours) in patients with normal and severely impaired renal function. Hemodialysis does not affect serum half-life of doxycycline .
Elimination Route
Mainly the urine and feces as active and unchanged drug . Between 40% and 60% of an administered dose can be accounted for in the urine by 92 hours, and approximately 30% can be accounted for in the feces .
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use
Pregnancy: Doxycycline should be avoided in pregnant women, because of the risk of both staining and effect on bone growth in the fetus.
Lactation: Doxycyclines enter breast milk, and mothers taking these drugs should not breastfeed their child.
Contraindication
Hypersensitivity to doxycycline and any of the tetracyclines. Concurrent use with methoxyflurane. Lactation
Special Warning
Neonates and children: Doxycycline may cause permanent discoloration of the teeth and so is contraindicated for neonates and children under 12 years.
Elderly: No special precautions are necessary in the elderly.
Storage Condition
It should be stored in a dry place at room temperature.
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