Respigat
Respigat Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Ambroxol is a metabolite of Bromhexine. It possesses mucokinetic (improvement in mucus transport) and secretolytic (liquefies secretions) properties. Ambroxol stimulates the serous cells of the glands of the mucous membrane of bronchi, increasing the content of mucus secretion. The mucolytic effect is associated with depolymerization and splitting of mucoproteins and mucopolysaccharide fibres, which leads to reduction in the viscosity of mucus. Expectoration of mucus is facilitated and breathing is eased considerably. Ambroxol stimulates production of phospholipids of surfactant by alveolar cells. Ambroxol has anti-inflammatory properties. In patients with COPD, it improves airway patency. Beside these, Ambroxol also exhibits anti-oxidant activity. Long-term use is possible because of the good tolerability of the preparation.
Gatifloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial which acts by inhibiting DNA synthesis in susceptible organisms via inhibition of both DNA gyrase (essential for bacterial reproduction) and topoisomerase IV (essential during bacterial cell division).
Gatifloxacin is a synthetic broad-spectrum 8-methoxyfluoroquinolone antibacterial agent for oral or intravenous administration. is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase, which allows the untwisting required to replicate one DNA double helix into two. Notably the drug has 100 times higher affinity for bacterial DNA gyrase than for mammalian. Gatifloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by bacteria.
| Trade Name | Respigat |
| Generic | Ambroxol + Gatifloxacin |
| Type | Tablet, Syrup |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | Zydus Cadila Healthcare Ltd |
| Available Country | India |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
- • Acute and chronic diseases of respiratory tracts associated with viscid mucus including acute and chronic bronchitis
- • Productive cough
- • Inflammatory diseases of Rhinopharyngeal tract (e.g. Laryngitis, Pharyngitis, Sinusitis and Rhinitis) associated with viscid mucus
- • Asthmatic bronchitis, Bronchial asthma with difficult departure of mucus
- • Bronchiectasis
- • Chronic pneumonia.
Gatifloxacin is used for the following infections:
- Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, or Staphylococcus aureus.
- Acute sinusitis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae.
- Community-acquired pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, or Legionella pneumophila.
- Uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections (i.e., simple abscesses, furuncles, folliculitis, wound infections, and cellulitis) due to Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes.
- Uncomplicated urinary tract infections due to Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or Proteus mirabilis.
- Complicated urinary tract infections due to Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or Proteus mirabilis.
- Pyelonephritis due to Escherichia coli.
- Uncomplicated urethral and cervical gonorrhea due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
- Acute, uncomplicated rectal infections in women due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Respigat is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Airway secretion clearance therapyBacterial Conjunctivitis, Ocular Infections, Irritations and Inflammations
How Respigat works
Ambroxol is a mucolytic agent. Excessive Nitric oxide (NO) is associated with inflammatory and some other disturbances of airways function. NO enhances the activation of soluble guanylate cyclase and cGMP accumulation. Ambroxol has been shown to inhibit the NO-dependent activation of soluble guanylate cyclase. It is also possible that the inhibition of NO-dependent activation of soluble guanylate cyclase can suppress the excessive mucus secretion, therefore it lowers the phlegm viscosity and improves the mucociliary transport of bronchial secretions.
The bactericidal action of Gatifloxacin results from inhibition of the enzymes topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV, which are required for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination.
Dosage
Respigat dosage
Average daily dose (preferably after meal):Pediatric Drops:
- 0-6 months: 0.5 ml 2 times a day
- 6-12 months: 1 ml 2 times a day
- 1-2 years: 1.25 ml 2 times a day
Syrup:
- 2-5 years: 2.5 ml (1/2 teaspoonful) 2-3 times a day
- 5-10 years: 5 ml (1 teaspoonful) 2-3 times a day
- 10 years and adults: 10 ml (2 teaspoonful) 3 times a day.
Sustained release capsule:
- Adult and children over 12 years old: 1 capsule once daily
Specific application features: Ambroxol may be prescribed to patients suffering from diabetes mellitus.
Acute Bacterial Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis: 400 mg 5 days
Acute Sinusitis: 400 mg 10 days
Community-acquired Pneumonia: 400 mg 7-14 days
Uncomplicated Skin and Skin Structure Infections: 400 mg 7-10 days
Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections: 400 mg Single Dose or 200 mg 3 days
Complicated Urinary Tract Infections: 400 mg 7-10 days
Acute Pyelonephritis: 400 mg 7-10 days
Uncomplicated Urethral Gonnorrhea in Men: 400 mg Single dose
Gatifloxacin can be administered without regard to food.
Side Effects
Gastrointestinal side-effects like epigastric pain, gastric fullness may occur occasionally. Rarely allergic responses such as eruption, urticaria or angioneurotic edema may occur.
Gatifloxacin is generally well tolerated. The most common side effects that can occur while taking this drug are usually mild and include nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea, dizziness,and headache .
Precaution
Ambroxol should be given cautiously to patients with gastric and duodenal ulceration or convulsive disorders. Patients with hepatic and renal insufficiency should take it with caution.
Gatifloxacin should be administered with caution in the presence of renal insufficiency.
Interaction
Ambroxol has no interaction with cardioactive glycosides, corticosteroids, bronchodilators, diuretics and antibiotics (normally used in the treatment of bronchopulmonary affections). But Ambroxol should not be taken simultaneously with antitussives (e.g. Codeine) because mucus, which has been liquefied by Ambroxol, might not be expectorated.
Elimination Route
Rapid and almost complete.
Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration with absolute bioavailability of gatifloxacin is 96%
Half Life
7-12 hours
7-14 hours
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use
Pregnancy: Teratogenic and fetal toxicity studies have shown no harmful effect of Ambroxol. However, it is advised not to use during pregnancy, especially in the 1st trimester.
Lactation: Safety during lactation has not been established.
Pregnancy: Gatifloxacin should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk to the fetus.
Lactation: It is not known whether Gatifloxacin is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when gatifloxacin is administered to a nursing woman.
Contraindication
Contraindicated in known hypersensitivity to Ambroxol or Bromhexine.
Gatifloxacin is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity of Gatifloxacin, quinolone antimicrobial agents, or any other components of this product.
Special Warning
Renal Impaired patient:
- Creatinine Clearance 40 mL/min: 400 mg every day.
- Creatinine Clearance < 40 mL/min: 400 mg 200 mg every day.
Dialysis patients:
- Hemodialysis: 400 mg 200 mg every day.
- Continuous peritoneal dialysis: 400 mg 200 mg every day.
Pediatric use: The safety and effectiveness of Gatifloxacinacin in pediatric populations (<18 years of age) have not been established.
Acute Overdose
Gatifloxacin exhibits a low potential for acute toxicity in animal studies. In the event of acute oral overdose, the stomach should be emptied by inducing vomiting or by gastric lavage. The patient should be carefully observed (including ECG monitoring) and given symptomatic and supportive treatment. Adequate hydration should be maintained.
Innovators Monograph
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