Rifabutin

Rifabutin Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

A broad-spectrum antibiotic that is being used as prophylaxis against disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection in HIV-positive patients.

Rifabutin is an antibiotic that inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity in susceptible cells. Specifically, it interacts with bacterial RNA polymerase but does not inhibit the mammalian enzyme. It is bactericidal and has a very broad spectrum of activity against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms (including Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and specifically Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Because of rapid emergence of resistant bacteria, use is restricted to treatment of mycobacterial infections and a few other indications. Rifabutin is well absorbed when taken orally and is distributed widely in body tissues and fluids, including the CSF. It is metabolized in the liver and eliminated in bile and, to a much lesser extent, in urine, but dose adjustments are unnecessary with renal insufficiency.

Rifabutin
Uses
Dosage
Side Effect
Precautions
Interactions
Uses during Pregnancy
Uses during Breastfeeding
Accute Overdose
Food Interaction
Half Life
Volume of Distribution
Clearance
Interaction With other Medicine
Contradiction
Storage

Trade Name	Rifabutin
Availability	Prescription only
Generic	Rifabutin
Rifabutin Other Names	Ansamicin, Ansamycin, Rifabutin, Rifabutina, Rifabutine, Rifabutinum
Related Drugs	ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, Zithromax, clarithromycin, rifampin, isoniazid, Biaxin, ethambutol, bcg, Rifadin
Weight	150mg
Type	Tablet, Oral Capsule
Formula	C₄₆H₆₂N₄O₁₁
Weight	Average: 847.0047 Monoisotopic: 846.441508846
Protein binding	85%
Groups	Approved, Investigational
Therapeutic Class
Manufacturer	Lupin
Available Country	India, United States
Last Updated:	September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am

Uses

Rifabutin is an antibiotic used to treat mycobacterium avium complex disease in patients with HIV.

For the prevention of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease in patients with advanced HIV infection.

Rifabutin is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Helicobacter Pylori Infection, Mycobacterium avium complex infection, Tuberculosis (TB), Late phase Tuberculosis

How Rifabutin works

Rifabutin acts via the inhibition of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase in gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria, leading to a suppression of RNA synthesis and cell death.

Toxicity

LD₅₀ = 4.8 g/kg (mouse, male)

Food Interaction

Take with or without food. For those patients with propensity to nausea, vomiting, or other gastrointestinal upset, taking with food may be useful.

Rifabutin Drug Interaction

Moderate: atorvastatin, montelukast, cholecalciferol, ondansetronMinor: mirabegronUnknown: aspirin, lorazepam, azithromycin, sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim, diphenhydramine, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, loratadine, dexlansoprazole, acetylcysteine, esomeprazole, acetaminophen, cyanocobalamin, ascorbic acid

Rifabutin Disease Interaction

Major: colitis, TBModerate: neutropenia/thrombocytopenia

Elimination Route

Rifabutin is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with an absolute bioavailability averaging 20%.

Half Life

45 (± 17) hours

Clearance

0.69 +/- 0.32 L/hr/kg

Elimination Route

A mass-balance study in three healthy adult volunteers with 14C-labeled rifabutin showed that 53% of the oral dose was excreted in the urine, primarily as metabolites. About 30% of the dose is excreted in the feces.