Tirzepatide

Food Interaction

[Moderate] MONITOR: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and dual GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonists delay gastric emptying, which may impact the absorption of concomitantly administered oral medications.

Mild to moderate decreases in plasma concentrations of coadministered drugs have been demonstrated in pharmacokinetic studies for some GLP-1 receptor agonists (e.g., exenatide, lixisenatide), but not others.

The impact of dual GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonist tirzepatide on gastric emptying was reported to be greatest after a single dose of 5 mg but diminished after subsequent doses.

According to the prescribing information, liraglutide did not affect the absorption of several orally administered drugs to any clinically significant extent, including acetaminophen, atorvastatin, digoxin, griseofulvin, lisinopril, and an oral contraceptive containing ethinyl estradiol-levonorgestrel.

Likewise, no clinically relevant effect on absorption was observed for concomitantly administered oral drugs studied with albiglutide (digoxin, ethinyl estradiol-norethindrone, simvastatin, warfarin), dulaglutide (acetaminophen, atorvastatin, digoxin, ethinyl estradiol-norelgestromin, lisinopril, metformin, metoprolol, sitagliptin, warfarin), or semaglutide (atorvastatin, digoxin, ethinyl estradiol-levonorgestrel, metformin, warfarin).

In addition, coadministration of acetaminophen after a first dose of tirzepatide 5 mg reduced the acetaminophen peak plasma concentration (Cmax) by 50% and delayed its median time to peak plasma concentration (Tmax) by 1 hour, but no significant impact on Cmax and Tmax was observed after coadministration at week 4, and the overall exposure of acetaminophen was unaffected.

Nevertheless, potential clinical impact on other oral medications cannot be ruled out, particularly those with a narrow therapeutic index or low bioavailability, those that depend on threshold concentrations for efficacy (e.g., antibiotics), and those that require rapid gastrointestinal absorption (e.g., hypnotics, analgesics).
br> MANAGEMENT: Pharmacologic response to concomitantly administered oral medications should be monitored more closely following the initiation or discontinuation of treatment with a GLP-1 receptor agonist or a dual GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonist.

Tirzepatide Alcohol interaction

[Moderate] GENERALLY AVOID:

Alcohol may cause hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes.

Hypoglycemia most frequently occurs during acute consumption of alcohol.

Even modest amounts can lower blood sugar significantly, especially when the alcohol is ingested on an empty stomach or following exercise.

The mechanism involves inhibition of both gluconeogenesis as well as the counter-regulatory response to hypoglycemia.

Episodes of hypoglycemia may last for 8 to 12 hours after ethanol ingestion.

By contrast, chronic alcohol abuse can cause impaired glucose tolerance and hyperglycemia.

[Moderate alcohol consumption generally does not affect blood glucose levels in patients with well controlled diabetes.

A disulfiram-like reaction (e.g., flushing, headache, and nausea) to alcohol has been reported frequently with the use of chlorpropamide and very rarely with other sulfonylureas.

Patients with diabetes should avoid consuming alcohol if their blood glucose is not well controlled, or if they have hypertriglyceridemia, neuropathy, or pancreatitis.

Patients with well controlled diabetes should limit their alcohol intake to one drink daily for women and two drinks daily for men (1 drink = 5 oz wine, 12 oz beer, or 1.5 oz distilled spirits) in conjunction with their normal meal plan.

Alcohol should not be consumed on an empty stomach or following exercise.

Tirzepatide Drug Interaction

Moderate: furosemide, methylprednisoloneUnknown: 5-hydroxytryptophan, lactobacillus acidophilus, erenumab, multivitamin with minerals, zolpidem, aspirin, azelastine nasal, multivitamin, multivitamin, multivitamin, diphenhydramine, ubiquinone, metoprolol, semaglutide, acetaminophen / oxycodone, liraglutide, cholecalciferol, diclofenac topical

Tirzepatide Disease Interaction

Major: thyroid cancerModerate: acute kidney injury, pancreatitis, retinopathy, severe GI disease

Innovators Monograph

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