Tropicamide Thea

Tropicamide Thea Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

Tropicamide Thea binds to and blocks the receptors in the muscles of the eye (muscarinic receptor M4). Tropicamide Thea acts by blocking the responses of the iris sphincter muscle to the iris and ciliary muscles to cholinergic stimulation, producing dilation of the pupil and paralysis of the ciliary muscle.

Tropicamide Thea is an anticholinergic drug and that works by non‐selectively blocking muscarinic receptors to cause mydriasis and cycloplegia. It relaxes the pupillary sphincter to dilate the pupil. The onset of tropicamide‐induced mydriasis is about 10 to 15 minutes, with optimal effect occurring 25 to 30 minutes post-administration. Mydriasis caused by tropicamide wears off within four to eight hours, but it was seen up to 24 hours in some individuals. Tropicamide Thea causes accommodation by causing contraction of the ciliary muscle. The cycloplegic effect occurs within 20 to minutes following administration, with a duration of action of four to 10 hours. Tropicamide Thea can elevate intraocular pressure. The ophthalmic use of tropicamide is not typically associated with serious systemic adverse events.

One randomized pilot study showed that oral tropicamide alleviated perceived symptoms of sialorrhea in patients with Parkinson's Disease: anticholinergics are believed to restore the dopaminergic to cholinergic activity imbalance in neurodegenerative diseases. Similarly in one case report, tropicamide administered via ophthalmic solution relieved clozapine-induced sialorrhea. Interestingly, in rodent models, tropicamide suppressed drug-induced tremulous jaw movements which are often used as a model of parkinsonian tremor: the significance of this finding requires further investigations.

Trade Name Tropicamide Thea
Generic Tropicamide
Tropicamide Other Names Tropicamid, Tropicamida, Tropicamide, Tropicamidum
Type
Formula C17H20N2O2
Weight Average: 284.3529
Monoisotopic: 284.152477894
Protein binding

The extent of protein binding has not been established. Tropicamide binds to albumin.[A230168]

Groups Approved, Investigational
Therapeutic Class Mydriatic and Cycloplegic agents
Manufacturer
Available Country Netherlands
Last Updated: September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am
Tropicamide Thea
Tropicamide Thea

Uses

For mydriasis and cycloplegia for diagnostic procedure, for the treatment of acute and subacute iridocyclitis, chronic iridocyclitis, Adhesions and disruptions of iris and ciliary body, Sclera and iris operations

Tropicamide Thea is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Diagnostic procedures

How Tropicamide Thea works

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are involved in numerous ocular functions. The M3 subtype is predominantly expressed by smooth muscle cells of the sphincter pupillae, which is a circular muscle of the iris, and ciliary muscles. In response to light or binding of acetylcholine, M3 receptor signalling leads to contraction of the sphincter pupillae and pupil constriction. Contraction of the ciliary muscle via M3 receptor signalling also leads to accommodation, adjusting the lens for near vision. The eye is also innervated by parasympathetic nerves: ciliary ganglion neurons project to the ciliary body and the sphincter pupillae muscle of the iris to control ocular accommodation and pupil constriction.

Tropicamide Thea is a non-selective muscarinic antagonist that binds to all subtypes of muscarinic receptors. By binding to muscarinic receptors, tropicamide relaxes the pupillary sphincter muscle and causes pupil dilation. By blocking the muscarinic receptors of the ciliary body, tropicamide also prevents accommodation. Like other muscarinic antagonists, tropicamide inhibits the parasympathetic drive, allowing the sympathetic nervous system responses to dominate. Tropicamide Thea is thought to ameliorate sialorrhea by blocking M4 receptors expressed on salivary glands and reducing hypersalivation.

Dosage

Tropicamide Thea dosage

For refraction:Instill one or two drops of 1% solution in the eye(s), repeated in five minutes. If patient is not seen within 20 to 30 minutes, an additional drop may be instilled to prolong mydriatic effect.

For examination of fundus:instill one or two drops of 0.5% solution 15 to 20 minutes prior to examination. Individuals with heavily pigmented irides may require higher strength or more doses.

Side Effects

Transient stinging, blurred vision, photophobia and superficial punctate keratitis have been reported with the use of tropicamide. Increased intraocular pressure has been reported following the use of mydriatics. Dryness of the mouth, tachycardia, headache, allergic reactions, nausea, vomiting, pallor, central nervous system disturbances and muscle rigidity have been reported with the use of tropicamide.

Toxicity

Oral LD50 is 865 mg/kg in rats and 565 mg/kg in mice. Intraperitoneal LD50 is 1210 mg/kg in rats and 695 mg/kg in mice. Subcutaneous LD50 is 872 mg/kg in rats and 665 mg/kg in mice.

There is limited information on tropicamide overdose. Systemic adverse effects, such as tachycardia, central nervous system disturbances, and muscle rigidity have been reported with the use of tropicamide. Psychotic reactions, behavioral disturbances, and vasomotor or cardio-respiratory collapse have been reported with the use of anticholinergic in children.

Precaution

The lacrimal sac should be compressed by digital pressure for 2-3 minutes after instillation to avoid excessive systemic absorption.

Interaction

Tropicamide Thea may interfere with the antihypertensive action of carbachol, pilocarpine, or ophthalmic cholinesterase inhibitors.

Food Interaction

No interactions found.

Volume of Distribution

No information can be found.

Elimination Route

Following ocular administration of 40 μL drops of 0.5% tropicamide in female subjects, tropicamide reached its mean peak concentration in plasma of 2.8 ± 1.7 ng/mL (mean ± SD) at five minutes.

Half Life

Tropicamide Thea has a plasma half-life of 30 minutes.

Clearance

No information can be found.

Elimination Route

No information can be found.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use

Pregnancy Category C. Tropicamide Thea should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed. It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when tropicamide is administered to a nursing woman.

Contraindication

Contraindicated in persons showing hypersensitivity to any component of Tropicamide Thea.

Storage Condition

Store at 15° to 25°C . Do not refrigerate or store at high temperatures. Keep container tightly closed.

Innovators Monograph

You find simplified version here Tropicamide Thea

Tropicamide Thea contains Tropicamide see full prescribing information from innovator Tropicamide Thea Monograph, Tropicamide Thea MSDS, Tropicamide Thea FDA label

FAQ

What is Tropicamide Thea used for?

Tropicamide Thea is used in the eye to widen your pupils, so they won't respond to light. It is normally used for diagnostic procedures.

How does Tropicamide Thea work?

Tropicamide Thea relaxes the pupillary sphincter muscle and causes pupil dilation. By blocking the muscarinic receptors of the ciliary body, tropicamide also prevents accommodation.

What are the common side effects of Tropicamide Thea?

Common side effects of Tropicamide Thea are include:

  • Clumsiness or unsteadiness
  • confusion
  • fast heartbeat
  • flushing or redness of face
  • hallucinations (seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there)
  • increased thirst or dryness of mouth
  • skin rash
  • slurred speech
  • swollen stomach in infants
  • unusual behavior, especially in children
  • unusual drowsiness, tiredness, or weakness

How safe is Tropicamide Thea?

Tropicamide Thea is a safe drug used for pupillary dilation prior to a comprehensive eye exam or ocular procedure.

Is Tropicamide Thea safe during pregnancy?

This drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.

Is Tropicamide Thea safe during breastfeeding?

A single use of this drug is not likely to interfere with breastfeeding. Long-term use may inhibit lactation, producing signs in the nursing infant.Placing pressure over the tear duct for at least 1 minute after instillation can substantially decrease the amount of drug excreted in breast milk.

Is Tropicamide Thea safe during breastfeeding?

A single use of this drug is not likely to interfere with breastfeeding. Long-term use may inhibit lactation, producing signs in the nursing infant.Placing pressure over the tear duct for at least 1 minute after instillation can substantially decrease the amount of drug excreted in breast milk.

Can I drink alcohol with Tropicamide Thea?

Side effects from this drug may get worse if you drink alcohol-containing drinks. If you have persistent stomach upset, vomit blood or what looks like coffee grounds, or have black, tarry stools, contact your health care provider immediately.

Can I drive after taking Tropicamide Thea?

Tropicamide Thea eye drops allow your doctor to examine your eye more easily. The drops can cause blurred vision which may last for several hours. Do not drive and do not use tools or machines until your vision is clear again.

How long does it take Tropicamide Thea to wear off?

Its optimal effect occurs 25 to 30 minutes post-administration.Typically, mydriasis reverses within 4 to 8 hours. However, it may take 24 hours for the mydriatic effect to wear off in some individuals.

How to use Tropicamide Thea?

To apply eye drops, wash your hands first. To avoid contamination, do not touch the dropper tip or let it touch your eye or any other surface.
If you are wearing contact lenses, remove them before using this medication. Ask your doctor when you may replace your contact lenses.


When do I use Tropicamide Thea?

It is used before eye examinations, such as cycloplegic refraction and examination of the fundus of the eye. Tropicamide Thea may also be used before and after eye surgery.

Can Tropicamide Thea be used in children?

Given the small amount of residual accommodation present after the application of Tropicamide Thea, it can be concluded that 1% Tropicamide Thea is an effective cycloplegic agent for myopic children.

How often can I use Tropicamide Thea?

Adults one drop of 1% solution, repeated once in five minutes. Children one drop of 0.5 to 1% solution, repeated once in five minutes.

Can I overdose on Tropicamide Thea?

If you take too much Tropicamide Thea call your healthcare provider or local Poison Control Center, or seek emergency medical attention right away. If Tropicamide Thea is administered by a healthcare provider in a medical setting, it is unlikely that an overdose will occur.

Does Tropicamide Thea cause Cycloplegia?

Tropicamide Thea is used to cause mydriasis and cycloplegia for eye exams or ocular procedures.

Does Tropicamide Thea affect accommodation?

Tropicamide Thea gave rise to a reduction in the amplitude of accommodation which tended to vary inversely with the age of the patient.

Does Tropicamide Thea causes Pediatric?

Infants and young children and children with blond hair or blue eyes may be especially sensitive to the effects of Tropicamide Thea. This may increase the chance or severity of some of the side effects during treatment.

http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0000000
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0002448
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0002279
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0002363
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0002363
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0000089
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0001664
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0004144
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0004139
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0000286
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0004557
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0000278
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0003940
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0004150
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0001831
http://www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0014947
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?drug:D00397
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=5593
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=46505924
https://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.5391.html
http://www.bindingdb.org/bind/chemsearch/marvin/MolStructure.jsp?monomerid=82371
https://mor.nlm.nih.gov/RxNav/search?searchBy=RXCUI&searchTerm=10869
https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=9757
https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembldb/index.php/compound/inspect/CHEMBL1200604
http://bidd.nus.edu.sg/group/cjttd/ZFTTDDRUG.asp?ID=DAP000345
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA164749389
https://www.drugs.com/cdi/tropicamide.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropicamide
*** Taking medicines without doctor's advice can cause long-term problems.
Share